Change property Schema::$typeMap to constant Schema::TYPE_MAP

[Tigrov]

The change reduces size of cache.

Q	A
Is bugfix?	❌
New feature?	❌
Breaks BC?	❌
Fixed issues	-

[what-the-diff]

PR Summary

• Update of typeMap property in Schema.php
  The property typeMap, used to store different types of data, has been transformed into a constant called TYPE_MAP. This means that its value is now fixed and cannot be changed. Additionally, its visibility has been altered to private, limiting its access to within the Schema.php local context. This ensures internal consistency and reliability in how we track different types of data in our system.

• Modification in extractColumnType method
  The method extractColumnType, which is used to determine the type of certain data, has been updated to use the newly established TYPE_MAP constant. This means it will now work with the most up-to-date and unchangeable settings for data types, ensuring its results are always consistent with the system's understanding of different data types.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Comparison is base (8797495) 98.40% compared to head (d961d80) 98.40%.
Report is 2 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##             master     #248   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage     98.40%   98.40%           
  Complexity      175      175           
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  Files            16       16           
  Lines           564      564           
=========================================
  Hits            555      555           
  Misses            9        9           

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