STAAR v0.9.6

xihaoli · Aug 16, 2021 · c0ddb15 · c0ddb15
2 parents 08472ca + 0e02430
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diff --git a/DESCRIPTION b/DESCRIPTION
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 Package: STAAR
 Type: Package
 Title: STAAR Procedure for Dynamic Incorporation of Multiple Functional Annotations in Whole-Genome Sequencing Studies
-Version: 0.9.5
-Date: 2020-09-14
+Version: 0.9.6
+Date: 2021-08-16
 Author: Xihao Li [aut, cre], Zilin Li [aut, cre], Han Chen [aut]
 Maintainer: Xihao Li <[email protected]>, Zilin Li <[email protected]>
 Description: An R package for performing STAAR procedure in whole-genome sequencing studies.
@@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ Encoding: UTF-8
 LazyData: true
 Depends: R (>= 3.2.0)
 LinkingTo: Rcpp, RcppArmadillo
-RoxygenNote: 7.1.0
+RoxygenNote: 7.1.1
 Suggests: knitr, rmarkdown
 VignetteBuilder: knitr
diff --git a/R/CCT.R b/R/CCT.R
@@ -5,14 +5,18 @@
 #' @param pvals a numeric vector of p-values, where each of the element is
 #' between 0 to 1, to be combined.
 #' @param weights a numeric vector of non-negative weights. If \code{NULL}, the
-#' equal weights are assumed.
+#' equal weights are assumed (default = NULL).
 #' @return the aggregated p-value combining p-values from the vector \code{pvals}.
-#' @examples pvalues <- c(2e-02,4e-04,0.2,0.1,0.8)
-#' @examples CCT(pvals=pvalues)
+#' @examples pvalues <- c(2e-02, 4e-04, 0.2, 0.1, 0.8)
+#' @examples CCT(pvals = pvalues)
 #' @references Liu, Y., & Xie, J. (2020). Cauchy combination test: a powerful test
 #' with analytic p-value calculation under arbitrary dependency structures.
-#' \emph{Journal of the American Statistical Association 115}(529), 393-402.
-#' (\href{https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01621459.2018.1554485}{pub})
+#' \emph{Journal of the American Statistical Association}, \emph{115}(529), 393-402.
+#' (\href{https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2018.1554485}{pub})
+#' @references Liu, Y., et al. (2019). Acat: A fast and powerful p value combination
+#' method for rare-variant analysis in sequencing studies.
+#' \emph{The American Journal of Human Genetics}, \emph{104}(3), 410-421.
+#' (\href{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.01.002}{pub})
 #' @export
 
 CCT <- function(pvals, weights=NULL){

diff --git a/R/Indiv_Score_Test_Region.R b/R/Indiv_Score_Test_Region.R
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@
 #' \code{\link{fit_null_glmmkin}} function for related samples. Note that \code{\link{fit_null_glmmkin}}
 #' is a wrapper of \code{\link{glmmkin}} function from the \code{\link{GMMAT}} package.
 #' @param rare_maf_cutoff the cutoff of maximum minor allele frequency in
-#' defining rare variants (default is 0.01).
+#' defining rare variants (default = 0.01).
 #' @param rv_num_cutoff the cutoff of minimum number of variants of analyzing
-#' a given variant-set (default is 2).
+#' a given variant-set (default = 2).
 #' @return a data frame with p rows corresponding to the p genetic variants in the given variant-set
 #' and three columns: \code{Score} (the score test statistic), \code{SE} (the standard error associated
 #' with the score test statistic), and \code{pvalue} (the score test p-value).

diff --git a/R/Indiv_Score_Test_Region_cond.R b/R/Indiv_Score_Test_Region_cond.R
@@ -16,21 +16,31 @@
 #' \code{\link{fit_null_glmmkin}} function for related samples. Note that \code{\link{fit_null_glmmkin}}
 #' is a wrapper of \code{\link{glmmkin}} function from the \code{\link{GMMAT}} package.
 #' @param rare_maf_cutoff the cutoff of maximum minor allele frequency in
-#' defining rare variants (default is 0.01).
+#' defining rare variants (default = 0.01).
 #' @param rv_num_cutoff the cutoff of minimum number of variants of analyzing
-#' a given variant-set (default is 2).
+#' a given variant-set (default = 2).
+#' @param method_cond a character value indicating the method for conditional analysis.
+#' \code{optimal} refers to regressing residuals from the null model on \code{genotype_adj}
+#' as well as all covariates used in fitting the null model (fully adjusted) and taking the residuals;
+#' \code{naive} refers to regressing residuals from the null model on \code{genotype_adj}
+#' and taking the residuals (default = \code{optimal}).
 #' @return a data frame with p rows corresponding to the p genetic variants in the given variant-set
 #' and three columns: \code{Score_cond} (the conditional score test statistic adjusting for variants
 #' in \code{genotype_adj}), \code{SE_cond} (the standard error associated with the
 #' conditional score test statistic), and \code{pvalue_cond} (the conditional score test p-value).
 #' If a variant in the given variant-set has minor allele frequency = 0 or
 #' greater than \code{rare_maf_cutoff}, the corresponding row will be \code{NA}. If a variant in
 #' the given variant-set has standard error equal to 0, the p-value will be set as 1.
+#' @references Sofer, T., et al. (2019). A fully adjusted two-stage procedure for rank-normalization
+#' in genetic association studies. \emph{Genetic Epidemiology}, \emph{43}(3), 263-275.
+#' (\href{https://doi.org/10.1002/gepi.22188}{pub})
 #' @export
 
 Indiv_Score_Test_Region_cond <- function(genotype,genotype_adj,obj_nullmodel,
-                                         rare_maf_cutoff=0.01,rv_num_cutoff=2){
+                                         rare_maf_cutoff=0.01,rv_num_cutoff=2,
+                                         method_cond=c("optimal","naive")){
 
+  method_cond <- match.arg(method_cond) # evaluate choices
   if(class(genotype) != "matrix" && !(!is.null(attr(class(genotype), "package")) && attr(class(genotype), "package") == "Matrix")){
     stop("genotype is not a matrix!")
   }
@@ -75,8 +85,13 @@ Indiv_Score_Test_Region_cond <- function(genotype,genotype_adj,obj_nullmodel,
 
         residuals.phenotype <- obj_nullmodel$scaled.residuals
         residuals.phenotype <- residuals.phenotype*sqrt(P_scalar)
-        residuals.phenotype <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj)$residuals
-        X_adj <- cbind(rep(1,length(residuals.phenotype)),genotype_adj)
+        if(method_cond == "optimal"){
+          residuals.phenotype.fit <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj+obj_nullmodel$X-1)
+        }else{
+          residuals.phenotype.fit <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj)
+        }
+        residuals.phenotype <- residuals.phenotype.fit$residuals
+        X_adj <- model.matrix(residuals.phenotype.fit)
         PX_adj <- P%*%X_adj
         P_cond <- P - X_adj%*%solve(t(X_adj)%*%X_adj)%*%t(PX_adj) -
           PX_adj%*%solve(t(X_adj)%*%X_adj)%*%t(X_adj) +
@@ -91,8 +106,13 @@ Indiv_Score_Test_Region_cond <- function(genotype,genotype_adj,obj_nullmodel,
         cov <- obj_nullmodel$cov
 
         residuals.phenotype <- obj_nullmodel$scaled.residuals
-        residuals.phenotype <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj)$residuals
-        X_adj <- cbind(rep(1,length(residuals.phenotype)),genotype_adj)
+        if(method_cond == "optimal"){
+          residuals.phenotype.fit <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj+obj_nullmodel$X-1)
+        }else{
+          residuals.phenotype.fit <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj)
+        }
+        residuals.phenotype <- residuals.phenotype.fit$residuals
+        X_adj <- model.matrix(residuals.phenotype.fit)
 
         results[RV_label,] <- do.call(cbind,Indiv_Score_Test_SMMAT_sparse_cond(G,Sigma_i,Sigma_iX,cov,X_adj,residuals.phenotype))
       }
@@ -107,8 +127,13 @@ Indiv_Score_Test_Region_cond <- function(genotype,genotype_adj,obj_nullmodel,
       }
 
       residuals.phenotype <- obj_nullmodel$y - obj_nullmodel$fitted.values
-      residuals.phenotype <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj)$residuals
-      X_adj <- cbind(rep(1,length(residuals.phenotype)),genotype_adj)
+      if(method_cond == "optimal"){
+        residuals.phenotype.fit <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj+model.matrix(obj_nullmodel)-1)
+      }else{
+        residuals.phenotype.fit <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj)
+      }
+      residuals.phenotype <- residuals.phenotype.fit$residuals
+      X_adj <- model.matrix(residuals.phenotype.fit)
       PX_adj <- P%*%X_adj
       P_cond <- P - X_adj%*%solve(t(X_adj)%*%X_adj)%*%t(PX_adj) -
         PX_adj%*%solve(t(X_adj)%*%X_adj)%*%t(X_adj) +

diff --git a/R/STAAR.R b/R/STAAR.R
@@ -22,13 +22,15 @@
 #' SKAT(1,25), SKAT(1,1), Burden(1,25), Burden(1,1), ACAT-V(1,25), ACAT-V(1,1)
 #' and ACAT-O tests (default = NULL).
 #' @param rare_maf_cutoff the cutoff of maximum minor allele frequency in
-#' defining rare variants (default is 0.01).
+#' defining rare variants (default = 0.01).
 #' @param rv_num_cutoff the cutoff of minimum number of variants of analyzing
-#' a given variant-set (default is 2).
+#' a given variant-set (default = 2).
 #' @return a list with the following members:
 #' @return \code{num_variant}: the number of variants with minor allele frequency > 0 and less than
 #' \code{rare_maf_cutoff} in the given variant-set that are used for performing the
 #' variant-set using STAAR.
+#' @return \code{cMAC}: the cumulative minor allele count of variants with
+#' minor allele frequency > 0 and less than \code{rare_maf_cutoff} in the given variant-set.
 #' @return \code{RV_label}: the boolean vector indicating whether each variant in the given
 #' variant-set has minor allele frequency > 0 and less than \code{rare_maf_cutoff}.
 #' @return \code{results_STAAR_O}: the STAAR-O p-value that aggregated SKAT(1,25),
@@ -60,14 +62,18 @@
 #' including ACAT-V(1,1) p-value weighted by MAF, the ACAT-V(1,1)
 #' p-values weighted by each annotation, and a STAAR-A(1,1)
 #' p-value by aggregating these p-values using Cauchy method.
-#' @references Li, X., Li, Z. et al. (2020). Dynamic incorporation of multiple
+#' @references Li, X., Li, Z., et al. (2020). Dynamic incorporation of multiple
 #' in silico functional annotations empowers rare variant association analysis of
-#' large whole-genome sequencing studies at scale. \emph{Nature Genetics}.
-#' (\href{https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-020-0676-4}{pub})
+#' large whole-genome sequencing studies at scale. \emph{Nature Genetics}, \emph{52}(9), 969-983.
+#' (\href{https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-020-0676-4}{pub})
 #' @references Liu, Y., et al. (2019). Acat: A fast and powerful p value combination
 #' method for rare-variant analysis in sequencing studies.
-#' \emph{The American Journal of Humann Genetics 104}(3), 410-421.
-#' (\href{https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002929719300023}{pub})
+#' \emph{The American Journal of Human Genetics}, \emph{104}(3), 410-421.
+#' (\href{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.01.002}{pub})
+#' @references Li, Z., Li, X., et al. (2020). Dynamic scan procedure for
+#' detecting rare-variant association regions in whole-genome sequencing studies.
+#' \emph{The American Journal of Human Genetics}, \emph{104}(5), 802-814.
+#' (\href{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.03.002}{pub})
 #' @export
 
 STAAR <- function(genotype,obj_nullmodel,annotation_phred=NULL,
@@ -181,6 +187,7 @@ STAAR <- function(genotype,obj_nullmodel,annotation_phred=NULL,
     }
 
     num_variant <- sum(RV_label) #dim(G)[2]
+    cMAC <- sum(G)
     num_annotation <- dim(annotation_phred)[2]+1
     results_STAAR_O <- CCT(pvalues)
     results_ACAT_O <- CCT(pvalues[c(1,num_annotation+1,2*num_annotation+1,3*num_annotation+1,4*num_annotation+1,5*num_annotation+1)])
@@ -238,6 +245,7 @@ STAAR <- function(genotype,obj_nullmodel,annotation_phred=NULL,
     }
 
     return(list(num_variant = num_variant,
+                cMAC = cMAC,
                 RV_label = RV_label,
                 results_STAAR_O = results_STAAR_O,
                 results_ACAT_O = results_ACAT_O,

diff --git a/R/STAAR_cond.R b/R/STAAR_cond.R
@@ -28,13 +28,20 @@
 #' SKAT(1,25), SKAT(1,1), Burden(1,25), Burden(1,1), ACAT-V(1,25), ACAT-V(1,1)
 #' and ACAT-O tests (default = NULL).
 #' @param rare_maf_cutoff the cutoff of maximum minor allele frequency in
-#' defining rare variants (default is 0.01).
+#' defining rare variants (default = 0.01).
 #' @param rv_num_cutoff the cutoff of minimum number of variants of analyzing
-#' a given variant-set (default is 2).
+#' a given variant-set (default = 2).
+#' @param method_cond a character value indicating the method for conditional analysis.
+#' \code{optimal} refers to regressing residuals from the null model on \code{genotype_adj}
+#' as well as all covariates used in fitting the null model (fully adjusted) and taking the residuals;
+#' \code{naive} refers to regressing residuals from the null model on \code{genotype_adj}
+#' and taking the residuals (default = \code{optimal}).
 #' @return a list with the following members:
 #' @return \code{num_variant}: the number of variants with minor allele frequency > 0 and less than
 #' \code{rare_maf_cutoff} in the given variant-set that are used for performing the
 #' variant-set using STAAR.
+#' @return \code{cMAC}: the cumulative minor allele count of variants with
+#' minor allele frequency > 0 and less than \code{rare_maf_cutoff} in the given variant-set.
 #' @return \code{RV_label}: the boolean vector indicating whether each variant in the given
 #' variant-set has minor allele frequency > 0 and less than \code{rare_maf_cutoff}.
 #' @return \code{results_STAAR_O_cond}: the conditional STAAR-O p-value that aggregated conditional
@@ -66,19 +73,28 @@
 #' including conditional ACAT-V(1,1) p-value weighted by MAF, the conditional ACAT-V(1,1)
 #' p-values weighted by each annotation, and a conditional STAAR-A(1,1)
 #' p-value by aggregating these p-values using Cauchy method.
-#' @references Li, X., Li, Z. et al. (2020). Dynamic incorporation of multiple
+#' @references Li, X., Li, Z., et al. (2020). Dynamic incorporation of multiple
 #' in silico functional annotations empowers rare variant association analysis of
-#' large whole-genome sequencing studies at scale. \emph{Nature Genetics}.
-#' (\href{https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-020-0676-4}{pub})
+#' large whole-genome sequencing studies at scale. \emph{Nature Genetics}, \emph{52}(9), 969-983.
+#' (\href{https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-020-0676-4}{pub})
 #' @references Liu, Y., et al. (2019). Acat: A fast and powerful p value combination
 #' method for rare-variant analysis in sequencing studies.
-#' \emph{The American Journal of Humann Genetics 104}(3), 410-421.
-#' (\href{https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002929719300023}{pub})
+#' \emph{The American Journal of Human Genetics}, \emph{104}(3), 410-421.
+#' (\href{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.01.002}{pub})
+#' @references Li, Z., Li, X., et al. (2020). Dynamic scan procedure for
+#' detecting rare-variant association regions in whole-genome sequencing studies.
+#' \emph{The American Journal of Human Genetics}, \emph{104}(5), 802-814.
+#' (\href{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.03.002}{pub})
+#' @references Sofer, T., et al. (2019). A fully adjusted two-stage procedure for rank-normalization
+#' in genetic association studies. \emph{Genetic Epidemiology}, \emph{43}(3), 263-275.
+#' (\href{https://doi.org/10.1002/gepi.22188}{pub})
 #' @export
 
 STAAR_cond <- function(genotype,genotype_adj,obj_nullmodel,annotation_phred=NULL,
-                       rare_maf_cutoff=0.01,rv_num_cutoff=2){
+                       rare_maf_cutoff=0.01,rv_num_cutoff=2,
+                       method_cond=c("optimal","naive")){
 
+  method_cond <- match.arg(method_cond) # evaluate choices
   if(class(genotype) != "matrix" && !(!is.null(attr(class(genotype), "package")) && attr(class(genotype), "package") == "Matrix")){
     stop("genotype is not a matrix!")
   }
@@ -162,8 +178,13 @@ STAAR_cond <- function(genotype,genotype_adj,obj_nullmodel,annotation_phred=NULL
 
         residuals.phenotype <- obj_nullmodel$scaled.residuals
         residuals.phenotype <- residuals.phenotype*sqrt(P_scalar)
-        residuals.phenotype <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj)$residuals
-        X_adj <- cbind(rep(1,length(residuals.phenotype)),genotype_adj)
+        if(method_cond == "optimal"){
+          residuals.phenotype.fit <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj+obj_nullmodel$X-1)
+        }else{
+          residuals.phenotype.fit <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj)
+        }
+        residuals.phenotype <- residuals.phenotype.fit$residuals
+        X_adj <- model.matrix(residuals.phenotype.fit)
         PX_adj <- P%*%X_adj
         P_cond <- P - X_adj%*%solve(t(X_adj)%*%X_adj)%*%t(PX_adj) -
           PX_adj%*%solve(t(X_adj)%*%X_adj)%*%t(X_adj) +
@@ -180,8 +201,13 @@ STAAR_cond <- function(genotype,genotype_adj,obj_nullmodel,annotation_phred=NULL
         cov <- obj_nullmodel$cov
 
         residuals.phenotype <- obj_nullmodel$scaled.residuals
-        residuals.phenotype <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj)$residuals
-        X_adj <- cbind(rep(1,length(residuals.phenotype)),genotype_adj)
+        if(method_cond == "optimal"){
+          residuals.phenotype.fit <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj+obj_nullmodel$X-1)
+        }else{
+          residuals.phenotype.fit <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj)
+        }
+        residuals.phenotype <- residuals.phenotype.fit$residuals
+        X_adj <- model.matrix(residuals.phenotype.fit)
 
         pvalues <- STAAR_O_SMMAT_sparse_cond(G,Sigma_i,Sigma_iX,cov,X_adj,residuals.phenotype,
                                              weights_B=w_B,weights_S=w_S,weights_A=w_A,
@@ -198,8 +224,13 @@ STAAR_cond <- function(genotype,genotype_adj,obj_nullmodel,annotation_phred=NULL
       }
 
       residuals.phenotype <- obj_nullmodel$y - obj_nullmodel$fitted.values
-      residuals.phenotype <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj)$residuals
-      X_adj <- cbind(rep(1,length(residuals.phenotype)),genotype_adj)
+      if(method_cond == "optimal"){
+        residuals.phenotype.fit <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj+model.matrix(obj_nullmodel)-1)
+      }else{
+        residuals.phenotype.fit <- lm(residuals.phenotype~genotype_adj)
+      }
+      residuals.phenotype <- residuals.phenotype.fit$residuals
+      X_adj <- model.matrix(residuals.phenotype.fit)
       PX_adj <- P%*%X_adj
       P_cond <- P - X_adj%*%solve(t(X_adj)%*%X_adj)%*%t(PX_adj) -
         PX_adj%*%solve(t(X_adj)%*%X_adj)%*%t(X_adj) +
@@ -213,6 +244,7 @@ STAAR_cond <- function(genotype,genotype_adj,obj_nullmodel,annotation_phred=NULL
     }
 
     num_variant <- sum(RV_label) #dim(G)[2]
+    cMAC <- sum(G)
     num_annotation <- dim(annotation_phred)[2]+1
     results_STAAR_O <- CCT(pvalues)
     results_ACAT_O <- CCT(pvalues[c(1,num_annotation+1,2*num_annotation+1,3*num_annotation+1,4*num_annotation+1,5*num_annotation+1)])
@@ -270,6 +302,7 @@ STAAR_cond <- function(genotype,genotype_adj,obj_nullmodel,annotation_phred=NULL
     }
 
     return(list(num_variant = num_variant,
+                cMAC = cMAC,
                 RV_label = RV_label,
                 results_STAAR_O_cond = results_STAAR_O,
                 results_ACAT_O_cond = results_ACAT_O,