[main] Upgrade the Golang version to go1.23.2

[vitess-bot]

This Pull Request bumps the Golang version to go1.23.2 and the bootstrap version to 37.

Do not trust the bot blindly. A thorough code review must be done to ensure all the files have been correctly modified.

There are a few manual steps remaining:

• Make sure you update the Golang version used in the previous and next release branches for the Upgrade/Downgrade tests.
• Build and Push the bootstrap images to Docker Hub, the bot cannot handle that.

cc @vitessio/release

[vitess-bot]

Review Checklist

Hello reviewers! 👋 Please follow this checklist when reviewing this Pull Request.

General

• Ensure that the Pull Request has a descriptive title.
• Ensure there is a link to an issue (except for internal cleanup and flaky test fixes), new features should have an RFC that documents use cases and test cases.

Tests

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Documentation

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Backward compatibility

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• If a flag is removed, then it should also be removed from vitess-operator and arewefastyet, if used there.
• vtctl command output order should be stable and awk-able.

[vitess-bot]

Hello! 👋

This Pull Request is now handled by arewefastyet. The current HEAD and future commits will be benchmarked.

You can find the performance comparison on the arewefastyet website.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 69.43%. Comparing base (eab262e) to head (b7c04f0).
Report is 7 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #16891      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   69.42%   69.43%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files        1571     1571              
  Lines      203276   203276              
==========================================
+ Hits       141125   141146      +21     
+ Misses      62151    62130      -21     

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