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[WIP] Arch independence #183

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[WIP] Arch independence #183

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Commits on Feb 21, 2019

  1. Go back to backup/restore SpinLockIRQ system

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  2. Makefile: support multiple targets, use profiles for debug/release 

    - Instead of duplicating rules for debug and release, we instead use profiles
  to determine whether we should build in Debug or Relase mode. We do this by
  adding two global env variables (TARGET_PATH and RELEASE_FLAG).
  TARGET_PATH should contain the PATH relative to target/ where we can find the
  compiled binaries.
  RELEASE_FLAG should contain --release in release mode, and a noop flag under
  debug mode. We use --message-format=human as a noop flag.

- We also support building for different targets using the TARGET environment
  variable, which defaults to i386-unknown-none.
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  3. Kernel: move i386 module to arch::i386 

    Start refactoring the i386 module into an architecture abstraction module. The
arch module should export functions abstracting common operations across
multiple architectures, and expose a module containing the architecture-specific
functionality.

For now, the architecture abstraction API contains two functions:

- enable_interrupts, which allow hardware to call event::dispatch_event
- disable_interrupts, which tells hardware to queue interruptions.
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  4. Add stub arch for documentation and tests. 

    The stub arch is a noop architecture where all the functions do nothing.
It's mostly meant to be used as a centralized place for the
documentation of the arch abstraction API, but can also be used for
tests and easily bootstrapping a port to a new architecture.
    @roblabla
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  5. Kernel: arch abstraction API for cmdline and logs 

    Adds two new functions to the arch abstraction API: get_cmdline and
get_logger. Those are used by the log implementation to find the serial
device to log to, and the log configuration.
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  6. Move interrupts to arch::i386 and syscalls to root 

    The syscall module is moved to the root, making documentation better
(syscalls is right on kfs_kernel project page). Fixes sunriseos#54.

The rest of the interrupts module is fully arch-specific, so it is moved
under arch::i386.
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  7. Kernel: Move startup functions to arch::i386 

    start and common_start are both architecture-specific, so move them
under arch::i386.

Furthermore, init the multiboot2 global as early as possible, and make
frame_allocator take the multiboot2 information with
`get_boot_information` function.
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  8. Kernel: Use arch abstraction API in panic handling. 

    Adds a new function: force_logger_unlock, which force-unlocks any Mutex that
might be protecting the logger. This is only used in the panic implementation,
in order to avoid deadlocking.

Panic now uses get_logger in order to stay arch-generic.
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  9. Kernel: Use arch abstraction API for process switching 

    Adds two new function and one structure to the arch abstraction API:

- ThreadHardwareContext, contains some support fields for the process
  switching code.

- process_switch: Executes another process.

- prepare_for_first_schedule: Prepare a new thread to get scheduled/switched to.
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  10. Kernel: Get kernel builtins through arch abstraction API 

    Adds a new trait: `elf_loader::Module`, representing a kernel builtin
that will be loaded when booting the kernel.

Adds a new function to arch abstraction API: get_modules(). This
function returns an iterator of `Module`s. All of those modules are to
be started on kernel boot.
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  11. Kernel: Move stack allocation/dumping in arch-generic API 

    Adds a new type in arch-generic API, KernelStack, and a new function,
dump_stack. KernelStack represents the Kernel Stack used to handle
interruptions associated with a ThreadStruct.

Having KernelStack in the arch-generic API is a bit weird. The concept
is inherently arch-dependent...
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  12. set_bits_area improvements 

    A few simple improvements to set_bits_area:

- It is now available to both BitField and BitArray
- It now uses RangeBounds, allowing the use of inclusive ranges, partial
  ranges, and full ranges.
- It now has tests.
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  13. Kernel: new PageTable for_each_region function 

    for_each_region is similar to for_each_entry, but runs for each
contiguous region in the same "state". It is effectively the logic used
by dump_kernelland_state, ripped in a generic function.
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  14. Kernel: Atomic frame allocator 

    Make the frame allocator atomic. This allows allocating frames from
multiple CPU cores without having to go through a global lock.
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  15. Temporary commit

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