Allow Cython compilation to open a web browser containing the annotated HTML file

[user202729]

As in the title.

I think this is a rather common use case, to investigate whether the code does get the desired speedup.

Remark: there's sage.misc.viewer.browser() which could be used instead, but then a lot of existing code in SageMath uses webbrowser.open() anyway?

📝 Checklist

• The title is concise and informative.
• The description explains in detail what this PR is about.
• I have linked a relevant issue or discussion. (not aware of one)
• I have created tests covering the changes.
• I have updated the documentation and checked the documentation preview.

Dependencies

Depends on #38945 .

[github-actions]

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[kwankyu]

This looks nice.

It would be nicer if the new argument view_annotate is accepted to the cell magic %%cython. For example,

%%cython view_annotate=True
def f(int n):
...

or

%%cython --view_annotate
def f(int n):
...

The cell magic is defined in https://github.com/sagemath/sage/blob/develop/src/sage/repl/ipython_extension.py. Find the line

def cython(self, line, cell):

line seems to accept the part after "%%cython". So we may use it to provide arguments to the cython function. What do you think?

[user202729]

Already did that in #38945 . (though whichever being merged first need to be modified to incorporate the other…)

[kwankyu]

You may set #38945 as a dependency and merge it here.

[kwankyu]

and instead of

- ``line`` -- parsed as keyword arguments. See :func:`~sage.misc.cython.cython` for details.

you may at least list the possible arguments for users' convenience, leaving details to sage.misc.cython.cython .