Ubuntu needrestart LPE (CVE-2024-48990)

[h00die]

Fixes #19675

Working exploit based on PoC, needs a lot of optimization and checks though. Putting here since it was announced 3 days ago, so some penetester may want it early.

Verification

• Install the application
• Start msfconsole
• Get an initial shell
• Do: use exploit/linux/local/ubuntu_needrestart_lpe
• Do: set lhost <ip>
• Do: set lport <port>
• Do: set session <session>
• Do: run
• You should get a root shell.