Replace std::bindX and std::mem_fun with lambdas.

[FtZPetruska]

Also see pokemon-speedrunning/gambatte-core#18

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std::bind1st, std::bind2nd, and std::mem_fun were deprecated in C++11 and removed in C++17.

GCC is the only compiler that allows using these functions regardless of the standard. Clang (both LLVM, and Apple Clang) and MSVC will error out on standard >=C++17. This is currently mainly an issue for LLVM Clang as starting LLVM 16, Clang defaults to C++17 and no standard used to be set in qmake.

This PR addresses this issue by using C++11 lambdas. This typically offers better performances compared to the alternative std::bind and std::mem_fn, and better extensibility if more methods need to be called in the same loop.

Benchmark for reference

Here are some speed results for calling the same member function 1'000'000'000 times:

Took 3.79699s to run 1000000000 steps with lambda
Took 4.25883s to run 1000000000 steps with mem_fn // Only for object pointers, no equivalent to mem_fun_ref
Took 13.6731s to run 1000000000 steps with bind
Took 16.3081s to run 1000000000 steps with mem_fn+bind