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45 changes: 25 additions & 20 deletions 8.4/crash-recovery.html
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Expand Up @@ -2372,11 +2372,20 @@ <h2 id="scenario-5-two-nodes-disappear-from-the-cluster">Scenario 5: Two nodes d
<p><a href="add-node.html#add-node">Adding Nodes to Cluster</a></p>
</div>
<h2 id="scenario-6-all-nodes-went-down-without-a-proper-shutdown-procedure">Scenario 6: All nodes went down without a proper shutdown procedure<a class="headerlink" href="#scenario-6-all-nodes-went-down-without-a-proper-shutdown-procedure" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>This scenario is possible in case of a datacenter power failure or when hitting
a MySQL or Galera bug. Also, it may happen as a result of data consistency being
compromised where the cluster detects that each node has different data. The
<code>grastate.dat</code> file is not updated and does not contain a valid sequence
number (seqno). It may look like this:</p>
<p>This scenario is possible in the following cases:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>A data center power failure</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A MySQL or Galera bug</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A cluster detects that each node has different data. </p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>In each of these cases, the <code>grastate.dat</code> file is not updated and does not contain a valid sequence number (seqno).</p>
<p>The <code>grastate.dat</code> file may look like this:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>$ cat /var/lib/mysql/grastate.dat
# GALERA saved state
version: 2.1
Expand All @@ -2385,8 +2394,8 @@ <h2 id="scenario-6-all-nodes-went-down-without-a-proper-shutdown-procedure">Scen
safe_to_bootstrap: 0
</code></pre></div>
<p>In this case, you cannot be sure that all nodes are consistent with each
other. We cannot use safe_to_bootstrap variable to determine the node that has
the last transaction committed as it is set to <strong>0</strong> for each node. An attempt
other. We cannot use <code>safe_to_bootstrap</code> variable to determine the node that has
the last transaction committed as this variable is set to <strong>0</strong> for each node. An attempt
to bootstrap from such a node will fail unless you start <code>mysqld</code> with the
<code>--wsrep-recover</code> parameter:</p>
<div class="highlight" data-prompt="$"><pre><span></span><code>$<span class="w"> </span>mysqld<span class="w"> </span>--wsrep-recover
Expand All @@ -2403,19 +2412,11 @@ <h2 id="scenario-6-all-nodes-went-down-without-a-proper-shutdown-procedure">Scen
<p>The node where the recovered position is marked by the greatest number is the
best bootstrap candidate. In its <code>grastate.dat</code> file, set the
safe_to_bootstrap variable to <strong>1</strong>. Then, bootstrap from this node.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>After a shutdown, you can boostrap from the node which is marked as safe in the <code>grastate.dat</code> file.</p>
<div class="no-copy highlight"><pre><span></span><code>...
safe_to_bootstrap: 1
...
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition admonition">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p>Galera Documentation <a href="https://galeracluster.com/2016/11/introducing-the-safe-to-bootstrap-feature-in-galera-cluster/">Introducing the Safe-To-Bootstrap feature in Galera Cluster</a></p>
</div>
<hr />
<p>In recent Galera versions, the option <a href="wsrep-provider-index.html#pc.recovery"><code>pc.recovery</code></a> (enabled by default) saves the cluster state into a file named <code>gvwstate.dat</code> on each member node. As the name of this option suggests (pc – primary component), it
saves only a cluster being in the PRIMARY state. An example content of the file
may look like this:</p>
Expand All @@ -2429,11 +2430,15 @@ <h2 id="scenario-6-all-nodes-went-down-without-a-proper-shutdown-procedure">Scen
member: 76de8ad9-2aac-11e4-8089-d27fd06893b9 0
#vwend
</code></pre></div>
<p>We can see a three node cluster with all members being up. Thanks to this new
feature, the nodes will try to restore the primary component once all the
<p>We can see a three node cluster with all members being up. The nodes will try to restore the primary component once all the
members start to see each other. This makes the PXC cluster automatically
recover from being powered down without any manual intervention! In the logs we
will see:</p>
recover from being powered down without any manual intervention.</p>
<p>The log file shows recovery completion:</p>
<div class="no-copy highlight"><pre><span></span><code>2024-11-08T12:35:05.890123Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2024-11-08T12:35:06.901234Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Purge done
2024-11-08T12:35:07.012345Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 2024-11-08T12:35:07.012345Z
2024-11-08T12:35:07.123456Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Ready for connections.
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="scenario-7-the-cluster-loses-its-primary-state-due-to-split-brain">Scenario 7: The cluster loses its primary state due to split brain<a class="headerlink" href="#scenario-7-the-cluster-loses-its-primary-state-due-to-split-brain" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>For the purpose of this example, let’s assume we have a cluster that consists of
an even number of nodes: six, for example. Three of them are in one location
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2480,7 +2485,7 @@ <h2 class="title" id="get-expert-help">Get expert help<a class="headerlink" href
<small>

Last update:
2023-07-21
2024-11-13

</small>
</div>
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