[Backport 2.x] Switch from buildSrc/version.properties to Gradle version catalog (gradle/libs.versions.toml) to enable dependabot to perform automated upgrades on common libs (#16284)

[Backport 2.x] Switch from buildSrc/version.properties to Gradle version catalog (gradle/libs.versions.toml) to enable dependabot to perform automated upgrades on common libs (#16284) #38311