[Backport 2.x] Add an unified storage class for data plugin

[opensearch-trigger-bot]

Backport 9a84202 from #7701.

[github-actions]

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 38.33333% with 37 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 63.87%. Comparing base (4a7375b) to head (ddbfbb0).
Report is 6 commits behind head on 2.x.

Files	Patch %	Lines
...ns/data/public/query/query_string/query_history.ts	25.00%	11 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
src/plugins/data/public/ui/settings/settings.ts	0.00%	8 Missing ⚠️
src/plugins/data/common/storage/storage.ts	70.58%	2 Missing and 3 partials ⚠️
.../public/query/query_string/query_string_manager.ts	37.50%	5 Missing ⚠️
...c/plugins/data/public/ui/search_bar/search_bar.tsx	40.00%	3 Missing ⚠️
src/plugins/data/public/plugin.ts	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
...s/data/public/query/persisted_log/persisted_log.ts	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
...public/ui/query_string_input/query_bar_top_row.tsx	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
...ublic/ui/query_string_input/query_string_input.tsx	50.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##              2.x    #7755      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   63.88%   63.87%   -0.02%     
==========================================
  Files        3652     3654       +2     
  Lines       80966    81010      +44     
  Branches    12873    12880       +7     
==========================================
+ Hits        51725    51743      +18     
- Misses      26083    26104      +21     
- Partials     3158     3163       +5     

Flag	Coverage Δ
Linux_1	30.11% <0.00%> (-0.02%)	⬇️
Linux_2	55.94% <0.00%> (-0.04%)	⬇️
Linux_3	40.53% <38.33%> (-0.02%)	⬇️
Linux_4	31.46% <0.00%> (-0.03%)	⬇️
Windows_1	30.13% <0.00%> (-0.02%)	⬇️
Windows_2	55.89% <0.00%> (-0.04%)	⬇️
Windows_3	40.53% <38.33%> (-0.02%)	⬇️
Windows_4	31.46% <0.00%> (-0.03%)	⬇️

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