Add geometry_bbox proposal definition

* Add documentation to the top-level GeoParquet description and definition.
* Add the geometry_bbox definition to the json schema
* Add a few tests. Verify with `pytest test_json_schema.py`

format-specs/geoparquet.md

@@ -58,6 +58,8 @@ Each geometry column in the dataset MUST be included in the `columns` field abov
 | edges          | string       | Name of the coordinate system for the edges. Must be one of `"planar"` or `"spherical"`. The default value is `"planar"`. |
 | bbox           | \[number]    | Bounding Box of the geometries in the file, formatted according to [RFC 7946, section 5](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7946#section-5). |
 | epoch          | number       | Coordinate epoch in case of a dynamic CRS, expressed as a decimal year. |
+| geometry_bbox  | object       | Object specifying a column name of a [Bounding Box Column](#bounding-box-columns). |
+
 
 #### crs
 
@@ -134,6 +136,20 @@ For non-geographic coordinate reference systems, the items in the bbox are minim
 
 The bbox values are in the same coordinate reference system as the geometry.
 
+#### geometry_bbox
+
+Including a per-row bounding box can be useful for accelerating spatial queries by allowing consumers to inspect row group bounding box summary statistics. Furthermore a bounding box may be used to avoid complex spatial operations by first checking for bounding box overlaps. This field captures the name of a column containing the bounding box of the geometry for every row.
+
+The format of `geometry_bbox` is `{"name": "column_name"}` where `column_name` MUST exist in the Parquet file and meet the criteria in the [Bounding Box Column](#bounding-box-columns) definition.
+
+Note: the value specified in this field should not be confused with the [`bbox`](#bbox) field which contains the single bounding box of this geometry over the whole GeoParquet file.
+
+### Bounding Box Columns
+
+A bounding box column MUST be a Parquet struct with required fields `xmin`, `xmax`, `ymin`, and `ymax`. For three dimensions the additional fields `zmin` and `zmax` MUST be present. The fields MUST be of Parquet type `FLOAT` or `DOUBLE`. The repetition of a bounding box column MUST match the geometry column's [repetition](#repetition). A row MUST contain a bounding box value if and only if the row contains a geometry value. In cases where the geometry is optional and a row not contain a geometry value, the row MUST NOT contain a bounding box value.
+
+The bounding box column MUST be at the root of the schema. The bounding box column MUST NOT be nested in a group.
+
 ### Additional information
 
 #### Feature identifiers

format-specs/schema.json

@@ -71,6 +71,16 @@
             },
             "epoch": {
               "type": "number"
+            },
+            "geometry_bbox": {
+              "type": "object",
+              "required": ["column"],
+              "properties": {
+                "column": {
+                  "type": "string",
+                  "minLength": 1
+                }
+              }
             }
           }
         }

scripts/test_json_schema.py

@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@ def get_version() -> str:
         "geometry": {
             "encoding": "WKB",
             "geometry_types": [],
+            "geometry_bbox": {
+                "column": "bbox",
+            },
         },
     },
 }
@@ -210,6 +213,18 @@ def get_version() -> str:
 metadata["columns"]["geometry"]["epoch"] = "2015.1"
 invalid_cases["epoch_string"] = metadata
 
+# Geometry Bbox
+
+metadata = copy.deepcopy(metadata_template)
+metadata["columns"]["geometry"]["geometry_bbox"].pop("column")
+invalid_cases["empty_geometry_bbox"] = metadata
+
+
+metadata = copy.deepcopy(metadata_template)
+metadata["columns"]["geometry"]["geometry_bbox"]["column"] = ""
+invalid_cases["empty_geometry_bbox_column"] = metadata
+
+
 
 # # Tests