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Updated manuscript.
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# Summary

Medical imaging provides non-invasive anatomical and functional visualisation of the human body. It is used for
diagnostics, prognostics and treatment planning. Many current uses of medical imaging involve
qualitative or semi-quantitive assessment by experts. Radiomics seeks to automate analysis of medical imaging for
clinical decision support. At its core, radiomics involves the extraction and machine learning-based analysis of
Medical imaging provides non-invasive anatomical and functional visualisation of the human body. It is used
clinically for diagnostics, prognostics and treatment planning. Many current uses of medical imaging involve
qualitative or semi-quantitive assessment by experts. Radiomics seeks to automate analysis of medical imaging for
clinical decision support. At its core, radiomics involves the extraction and machine learning-based analysis of
quantitive features from medical images. However, very few--if any--radiomics tools have been translated to the
clinic [@Huang2022-mi]. One of the essential prerequisites for translation is reproducibility and validation in
external settings [@OConnor2017-iv]. This can be facilitated through the use of standardised radiomics software.
Here we present `mirp`, a Python package for standardised processing of medical imaging and computation of
Here we present `mirp`, a Python package for standardised processing of medical imaging and computation of
quantitative features. Researchers can use `mirp` for their own radiomics analyses or to reproduce and validate
radiomics of others.

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The Image Biomarker Standardisation Initiative has created reference standards for radiomics software: 1. a
reference standard for basic image processing and feature extraction steps [@Zwanenburg2020-go]; and 2. a reference
standard for image filters [TODO:ADD WHEN PUBLISHED]. There is currently a lack of fully IBSI-compliant radiomics
packages in Python. Python is important for the radiomics field as commonly used machine learning and deep learning
packages such as `scikit-learn` and `pytorch` are interfaced using Python. `mirp` facilitates both by offering a
packages in Python. Python is important for the radiomics field because commonly used machine learning and deep
learning packages such as `scikit-learn` and `pytorch` are interfaced using Python. `mirp` facilitates both by offering a
user-friendly API for standardised image processing and feature extraction for machine learning-based radiomics, and
standardised image processing for deep learning-based radiomics.
standardised image processing for deep learning-based radiomics.

`mirp` is intended to be used by researchers in the radiomics field to perform their own radiomics analyses on the
one hand, and to externally reproduce and validate results of other researchers. It was originally created in 2016 and
Expand All @@ -74,12 +74,16 @@ The above are implemented as functions. `mirp.deep_learning_preprocessing`, `mir
These functions also have generator-variants that yield output one-by-one.

`mirp` supports all standard medical imaging formats, notably DICOM, NIfTI and NRRD. It also supports `numpy` arrays
as a generic fallback option. **FINAL SENTENCE ON MIRP**
as a generic fallback option.

In conclusion, `mirp` offers a much-needed solution for standardized radiomics. With its user-friendly Python
interface, researchers can conduct radiomics analyses and, crucially, reproduce and validate the work of others,
bringing us one step closer to harnessing the full potential of medical imaging in improving patient care.

# Alternatives

`mirp` is not the only package available for image processing and feature extraction. Commonly used alternatives are
listed in Table 1.
`mirp` is not the only package available for image processing and feature extraction for radiomics analyses. Commonly
used alternatives are listed in Table 1.

| | `mirp` | `pyradiomics` | `CERR` | `LIFEx` | `radiomics` |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|
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