Simplify the docker/compose setup

[rhysyngsun]

Pre-Flight checklist

• Testing
  • Changes have been manually tested

What are the relevant tickets?

N/A

What's this PR do?

I'd like to try out some features in newer elasticsearch/opensearch, but before I do that I'd like to have a cleaner foundation to work on with docker - this cleans up the configuration to be in line with how mitx online is setup by using compose profiles and multistage docker builds.

How should this be manually tested?

You should be able to run docker-compose up as normal and not have the notebook container start. Running docker-compose --profile notebook up should give you the notebook.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #3802 (b775f93) into master (8f1535e) will decrease coverage by 0.01%.
The diff coverage is n/a.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #3802      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   87.30%   87.29%   -0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         336      336              
  Lines       13921    13921              
  Branches     1709     1709              
==========================================
- Hits        12154    12152       -2     
- Misses       1507     1508       +1     
- Partials      260      261       +1     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
search/api.py	95.93% <0.00%> (-1.17%)	⬇️

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[mbertrand]

I'm getting 404's on this branch for the following:

http://od.odl.local:8062/style.js
http://od.odl.local:8062/root.js

After switching back to the master branch and rebuilding, the files were available.

Switched back to this branch again, rebuilt, and the files are missing again.