[IR] Support more attributes in convenience methods (#1506)

Stack from [ghstack](https://github.com/ezyang/ghstack) (oldest at
bottom):
* #1509
* #1508
* #1507
* __->__ #1506

Support graph and type attributes

onnxscript/ir/_convenience.py

@@ -33,6 +33,10 @@
     onnx.TensorProto,
     _core.Attr,
     _core.RefAttr,
+    _protocols.GraphProtocol,
+    Sequence[_protocols.GraphProtocol],
+    _protocols.TypeProtocol,
+    Sequence[_protocols.TypeProtocol],
     None,
 ]
 
@@ -56,6 +60,30 @@ def _infer_attribute_type(attr: SupportedAttrTypes) -> _enums.AttributeType:
     if isinstance(attr, (_core.TensorBase, onnx.TensorProto, _protocols.TensorProtocol)):
         # Be sure to check TensorProtocol last because isinstance checking on Protocols can be slower
         return _enums.AttributeType.TENSOR
+    if isinstance(attr, (_core.Graph, _protocols.GraphProtocol)):
+        return _enums.AttributeType.GRAPH
+    if isinstance(attr, Sequence) and all(
+        isinstance(x, (_core.Graph, _protocols.GraphProtocol)) for x in attr
+    ):
+        return _enums.AttributeType.GRAPHS
+    if isinstance(
+        attr,
+        (_core.TensorType, _core.SequenceType, _core.OptionalType, _protocols.TypeProtocol),
+    ):
+        return _enums.AttributeType.TYPE_PROTO
+    if isinstance(attr, Sequence) and all(
+        isinstance(
+            x,
+            (
+                _core.TensorType,
+                _core.SequenceType,
+                _core.OptionalType,
+                _protocols.TypeProtocol,
+            ),
+        )
+        for x in attr
+    ):
+        return _enums.AttributeType.TYPE_PROTOS
     raise TypeError(f"Unsupported attribute type: '{type(attr)}'")
 
 
@@ -118,6 +146,14 @@ def convert_attribute(
             return _core.AttrTensor(name, attr)
         if isinstance(attr, onnx.TensorProto):
             return _core.AttrTensor(name, serde.TensorProtoTensor(attr))
+    if attr_type == _enums.AttributeType.GRAPH:
+        return _core.AttrGraph(name, attr)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+    if attr_type == _enums.AttributeType.GRAPHS:
+        return _core.AttrGraphs(name, attr)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+    if attr_type == _enums.AttributeType.TYPE_PROTO:
+        return _core.AttrTypeProto(name, attr)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+    if attr_type == _enums.AttributeType.TYPE_PROTOS:
+        return _core.AttrTypeProtos(name, attr)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
     raise TypeError(f"Unsupported attribute type: '{type(attr)}'")
 
 
@@ -148,9 +184,40 @@ def convert_attributes(
         ...             float_data=[1.0, 2.0, 3.0],
         ...             name="proto",
         ...         ),
+        ...     "graph": ir.Graph([], [], nodes=[], name="graph0"),
+        ...     "graphs": [ir.Graph([], [], nodes=[], name="graph1"), ir.Graph([], [], nodes=[], name="graph2")],
+        ...     "type_proto": ir.TensorType(ir.DataType.FLOAT),
+        ...     "type_protos": [ir.TensorType(ir.DataType.FLOAT), ir.TensorType(ir.DataType.FLOAT)],
         ... }
         >>> convert_attributes(attrs)
-        [AttrInt64('int', 1), AttrFloat32('float', 1.0), AttrString('str', 'hello'), AttrInt64s('ints', [1, 2, 3]), AttrFloat32s('floats', [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]), AttrStrings('strings', ['hello', 'world']), AttrTensor('tensor', Tensor<DOUBLE,[3]>(array([1., 2., 3.]), name='')), AttrTensor('tensor_proto', TensorProtoTensor<FLOAT,[3]>(name='proto'))]
+        [AttrInt64('int', 1), AttrFloat32('float', 1.0), AttrString('str', 'hello'), AttrInt64s('ints', [1, 2, 3]), AttrFloat32s('floats', [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]), AttrStrings('strings', ['hello', 'world']), AttrTensor('tensor', Tensor<DOUBLE,[3]>(array([1., 2., 3.]), name='')), AttrTensor('tensor_proto', TensorProtoTensor<FLOAT,[3]>(name='proto')), AttrInt64s('graph', Graph(
+            name='graph0',
+            inputs=(
+        <BLANKLINE>
+            ),
+            outputs=(
+        <BLANKLINE>
+            ),
+            len()=0
+        )), AttrGraphs('graphs', [Graph(
+            name='graph1',
+            inputs=(
+        <BLANKLINE>
+            ),
+            outputs=(
+        <BLANKLINE>
+            ),
+            len()=0
+        ), Graph(
+            name='graph2',
+            inputs=(
+        <BLANKLINE>
+            ),
+            outputs=(
+        <BLANKLINE>
+            ),
+            len()=0
+        )]), AttrTypeProto('type_proto', Tensor(FLOAT)), AttrTypeProtos('type_protos', [Tensor(FLOAT), Tensor(FLOAT)])]
 
     Args:
         attrs: A dictionary of {<attribute name>: <python objects>} to convert.