[8.17] Expose values of certain task manager configuration settings i…

…n the telemetry (elastic#202511) (elastic#202685)

# Backport

This will backport the following commits from `main` to `8.17`:
- [Expose values of certain task manager configuration settings in the
telemetry (elastic#202511)](elastic#202511)

<!--- Backport version: 9.4.3 -->

### Questions ?
Please refer to the [Backport tool
documentation](https://github.com/sqren/backport)

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telemetry.\r\nThis way we can see what values, ratios, etc a certain
setting has.\r\n\r\nSettings to report values instead of
`[redacted]`:\r\n- `xpack.task_manager.claim_strategy`\r\n-
`xpack.task_manager.discovery.active_nodes_lookback`\r\n-
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setting has.\r\n\r\nSettings to report values instead of
`[redacted]`:\r\n- `xpack.task_manager.claim_strategy`\r\n-
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BACKPORT-->

Co-authored-by: Mike Côté <[email protected]>

x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/index.ts

@@ -104,4 +104,13 @@ export const config: PluginConfigDescriptor<TaskManagerConfig> = {
       },
     ];
   },
+  exposeToUsage: {
+    claim_strategy: true,
+    discovery: {
+      active_nodes_lookback: true,
+    },
+    unsafe: {
+      exclude_task_types: true,
+    },
+  },
 };