feat(router): revert support for co-badged cards

[AkshayaFoiger]

Reverts #5801
Hotfix for #6142

[semanticdiff-com]

Review changes with SemanticDiff.

Analyzed 10 of 12 files.

Overall, the semantic diff is 26% smaller than the GitHub diff.

	Filename	Status
❔	Cargo.lock	Unsupported file format
✔️	crates/router/src/core/payments/helpers.rs	71.72% smaller
✔️	crates/router/src/core/payments/operations/payment_confirm.rs	Analyzed
✔️	crates/router/src/core/payments/operations/payment_create.rs	51.09% smaller
✔️	crates/router/src/core/payments/operations/payment_update.rs	Analyzed
✔️	crates/router/src/connector/stripe/transformers.rs	Analyzed
✔️	crates/router/src/connector/cybersource/transformers.rs	25.88% smaller
✔️	crates/router/src/connector/bankofamerica/transformers.rs	9.72% smaller
✔️	crates/router/src/connector/adyen/transformers.rs	4.76% smaller
❔	crates/cards/Cargo.toml	Unsupported file format
✔️	crates/cards/src/validate.rs	0.03% smaller
✔️	crates/api_models/src/payments.rs	25.67% smaller