Adds various Query overrides to Keyword Field

The keywordfield mapper provides access to various query types, e.g. the termsQuery, fuzzyQuery. These are inherited as is from the StringType. But we do not take into account the fact that keyword fields can have doc_values enabled. This PR adds the ability for various queries to first check if doc_values are enabled and if so out-source the work to lucene to decide if it's better to use index values or doc_values when running queries.

Signed-off-by: Harsha Vamsi Kalluri <[email protected]>

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 - Return 409 Conflict HTTP status instead of 503 on failure to concurrently execute snapshots ([#8986](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/5855))
 - Add task completion count in search backpressure stats API ([#10028](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10028/))
 - Performance improvement for Datetime field caching ([#4558](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/issues/4558))
+- Performance improvement for MultiTerm Queries on Keyword fields ([#7057](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/issues/7057))
 
 
 ### Deprecated

rest-api-spec/src/main/resources/rest-api-spec/test/search/340_keyword_doc_values.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+---
+"search on keyword fields with doc_values enabled":
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: test
+        body:
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              "some_keyword":
+                type: "keyword"
+                index: true
+                doc_values: true
+
+  - do:
+      bulk:
+        index: test
+        refresh: true
+        body:
+          - '{"index": {"_index": "test", "_id": "1" }}'
+          - '{ "some_keyword": "ingesting some random keyword data" }'
+          - '{ "index": { "_index": "test", "_id": "2" }}'
+          - '{ "some_keyword": "400" }'
+          - '{ "index": { "_index": "test", "_id": "3" } }'
+          - '{ "some_keyword": "5" }'
+
+  - do:
+      search:
+        index: test
+        body:
+          query:
+            prefix:
+              some_keyword: "ing"
+
+  - match: { hits.hits.0._source.some_keyword: "ingesting some random keyword data" }
+
+  - do:
+      search:
+        index: test
+        body:
+          query:
+            range: {
+              "some_keyword": {
+                "lt": 500
+              } }
+
+  - match: { hits.total.value: 2 }

server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/mapper/KeywordFieldMapper.java

@@ -38,11 +38,24 @@
 import org.apache.lucene.document.FieldType;
 import org.apache.lucene.document.SortedSetDocValuesField;
 import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexOptions;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.Term;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.FuzzyQuery;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexOrDocValuesQuery;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.MultiTermQuery;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.PrefixQuery;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.RegexpQuery;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.TermInSetQuery;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.TermRangeQuery;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.WildcardQuery;
 import org.apache.lucene.util.BytesRef;
+import org.apache.lucene.util.automaton.Operations;
+import org.opensearch.OpenSearchException;
 import org.opensearch.common.Nullable;
+import org.opensearch.common.lucene.BytesRefs;
 import org.opensearch.common.lucene.Lucene;
+import org.opensearch.common.lucene.search.AutomatonQueries;
+import org.opensearch.common.unit.Fuzziness;
 import org.opensearch.core.xcontent.XContentParser;
 import org.opensearch.index.analysis.IndexAnalyzers;
 import org.opensearch.index.analysis.NamedAnalyzer;
@@ -62,6 +75,8 @@
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
+import static org.opensearch.search.SearchService.ALLOW_EXPENSIVE_QUERIES;
+
 /**
  * A field mapper for keywords. This mapper accepts strings and indexes them as-is.
  *
@@ -317,7 +332,7 @@ public IndexFieldData.Builder fielddataBuilder(String fullyQualifiedIndexName, S
         @Override
         public ValueFetcher valueFetcher(QueryShardContext context, SearchLookup searchLookup, String format) {
             if (format != null) {
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Field [" + name() + "] of type [" + typeName() + "] doesn't support formats.");
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Field [" + name() + "] of type [" + typeName() + "] doesn't " + "support formats.");
             }
 
             return new SourceValueFetcher(name(), context, nullValue) {
@@ -372,17 +387,226 @@ protected BytesRef indexedValueForSearch(Object value) {
             return getTextSearchInfo().getSearchAnalyzer().normalize(name(), value.toString());
         }
 
+        @Override
+        public Query termsQuery(List<?> values, QueryShardContext context) {
+            failIfNotIndexedAndNoDocValues();
+            // has index and doc_values enabled
+            if (isSearchable() && hasDocValues()) {
+                BytesRef[] bytesRefs = new BytesRef[values.size()];
+                for (int i = 0; i < bytesRefs.length; i++) {
+                    bytesRefs[i] = indexedValueForSearch(values.get(i));
+                }
+                Query indexQuery = new TermInSetQuery(name(), bytesRefs);
+                Query dvQuery = new TermInSetQuery(MultiTermQuery.DOC_VALUES_REWRITE, name(), bytesRefs);
+                return new IndexOrDocValuesQuery(indexQuery, dvQuery);
+            }
+            // if we only have doc_values enabled, we construct a new query with doc_values re-written
+            if (hasDocValues()) {
+                BytesRef[] bytesRefs = new BytesRef[values.size()];
+                for (int i = 0; i < bytesRefs.length; i++) {
+                    bytesRefs[i] = indexedValueForSearch(values.get(i));
+                }
+                return new TermInSetQuery(MultiTermQuery.DOC_VALUES_REWRITE, name(), bytesRefs);
+            }
+            // has index enabled, we're going to return the query as is
+            return super.termsQuery(values, context);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Query prefixQuery(
+            String value,
+            @Nullable MultiTermQuery.RewriteMethod method,
+            boolean caseInsensitive,
+            QueryShardContext context
+        ) {
+            if (context.allowExpensiveQueries() == false) {
+                throw new OpenSearchException(
+                    "[prefix] queries cannot be executed when '"
+                        + ALLOW_EXPENSIVE_QUERIES.getKey()
+                        + "' is set to false. For optimised prefix queries on text "
+                        + "fields please enable [index_prefixes]."
+                );
+            }
+            failIfNotIndexedAndNoDocValues();
+            if (isSearchable() && hasDocValues()) {
+                Query indexQuery = super.prefixQuery(value, method, caseInsensitive, context);
+                Query dvQuery = super.prefixQuery(value, MultiTermQuery.DOC_VALUES_REWRITE, caseInsensitive, context);
+                return new IndexOrDocValuesQuery(indexQuery, dvQuery);
+            }
+            if (hasDocValues()) {
+                if (caseInsensitive) {
+                    return AutomatonQueries.caseInsensitivePrefixQuery(
+                        (new Term(name(), indexedValueForSearch(value))),
+                        MultiTermQuery.DOC_VALUES_REWRITE
+                    );
+                }
+                return new PrefixQuery(new Term(name(), indexedValueForSearch(value)), MultiTermQuery.DOC_VALUES_REWRITE);
+            }
+            return super.prefixQuery(value, method, caseInsensitive, context);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Query regexpQuery(
+            String value,
+            int syntaxFlags,
+            int matchFlags,
+            int maxDeterminizedStates,
+            @Nullable MultiTermQuery.RewriteMethod method,
+            QueryShardContext context
+        ) {
+            if (context.allowExpensiveQueries() == false) {
+                throw new OpenSearchException(
+                    "[regexp] queries cannot be executed when '" + ALLOW_EXPENSIVE_QUERIES.getKey() + "' is set to " + "false."
+                );
+            }
+            failIfNotIndexedAndNoDocValues();
+            if (isSearchable() && hasDocValues()) {
+                Query indexQuery = super.regexpQuery(value, syntaxFlags, matchFlags, maxDeterminizedStates, method, context);
+                Query dvQuery = super.regexpQuery(
+                    value,
+                    syntaxFlags,
+                    matchFlags,
+                    maxDeterminizedStates,
+                    MultiTermQuery.DOC_VALUES_REWRITE,
+                    context
+                );
+                return new IndexOrDocValuesQuery(indexQuery, dvQuery);
+            }
+            if (hasDocValues()) {
+                return new RegexpQuery(
+                    new Term(name(), indexedValueForSearch(value)),
+                    syntaxFlags,
+                    matchFlags,
+                    RegexpQuery.DEFAULT_PROVIDER,
+                    maxDeterminizedStates,
+                    MultiTermQuery.DOC_VALUES_REWRITE
+                );
+            }
+            return super.regexpQuery(value, syntaxFlags, matchFlags, maxDeterminizedStates, method, context);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Query rangeQuery(Object lowerTerm, Object upperTerm, boolean includeLower, boolean includeUpper, QueryShardContext context) {
+            if (context.allowExpensiveQueries() == false) {
+                throw new OpenSearchException(
+                    "[range] queries on [text] or [keyword] fields cannot be executed when '"
+                        + ALLOW_EXPENSIVE_QUERIES.getKey()
+                        + "' is set to false."
+                );
+            }
+            failIfNotIndexedAndNoDocValues();
+            if (isSearchable() && hasDocValues()) {
+                Query indexQuery = new TermRangeQuery(
+                    name(),
+                    lowerTerm == null ? null : indexedValueForSearch(lowerTerm),
+                    upperTerm == null ? null : indexedValueForSearch(upperTerm),
+                    includeLower,
+                    includeUpper
+                );
+                Query dvQuery = new TermRangeQuery(
+                    name(),
+                    lowerTerm == null ? null : indexedValueForSearch(lowerTerm),
+                    upperTerm == null ? null : indexedValueForSearch(upperTerm),
+                    includeLower,
+                    includeUpper,
+                    MultiTermQuery.DOC_VALUES_REWRITE
+                );
+                return new IndexOrDocValuesQuery(indexQuery, dvQuery);
+            }
+            if (hasDocValues()) {
+                return new TermRangeQuery(
+                    name(),
+                    lowerTerm == null ? null : indexedValueForSearch(lowerTerm),
+                    upperTerm == null ? null : indexedValueForSearch(upperTerm),
+                    includeLower,
+                    includeUpper,
+                    MultiTermQuery.DOC_VALUES_REWRITE
+                );
+            }
+            return new TermRangeQuery(
+                name(),
+                lowerTerm == null ? null : indexedValueForSearch(lowerTerm),
+                upperTerm == null ? null : indexedValueForSearch(upperTerm),
+                includeLower,
+                includeUpper
+            );
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Query fuzzyQuery(
+            Object value,
+            Fuzziness fuzziness,
+            int prefixLength,
+            int maxExpansions,
+            boolean transpositions,
+            @Nullable MultiTermQuery.RewriteMethod method,
+            QueryShardContext context
+        ) {
+            failIfNotIndexedAndNoDocValues();
+            if (context.allowExpensiveQueries() == false) {
+                throw new OpenSearchException(
+                    "[fuzzy] queries cannot be executed when '" + ALLOW_EXPENSIVE_QUERIES.getKey() + "' is set to " + "false."
+                );
+            }
+            if (isSearchable() && hasDocValues()) {
+                Query indexQuery = super.fuzzyQuery(value, fuzziness, prefixLength, maxExpansions, transpositions, context);
+                Query dvQuery = super.fuzzyQuery(
+                    value,
+                    fuzziness,
+                    prefixLength,
+                    maxExpansions,
+                    transpositions,
+                    MultiTermQuery.DOC_VALUES_REWRITE,
+                    context
+                );
+                return new IndexOrDocValuesQuery(indexQuery, dvQuery);
+            }
+            if (hasDocValues()) {
+                return new FuzzyQuery(
+                    new Term(name(), indexedValueForSearch(value)),
+                    fuzziness.asDistance(BytesRefs.toString(value)),
+                    prefixLength,
+                    maxExpansions,
+                    transpositions,
+                    MultiTermQuery.DOC_VALUES_REWRITE
+                );
+            }
+            return super.fuzzyQuery(value, fuzziness, prefixLength, maxExpansions, transpositions, context);
+        }
+
         @Override
         public Query wildcardQuery(
             String value,
             @Nullable MultiTermQuery.RewriteMethod method,
-            boolean caseInsensitve,
+            boolean caseInsensitive,
             QueryShardContext context
         ) {
-            // keyword field types are always normalized, so ignore case sensitivity and force normalize the wildcard
+            if (context.allowExpensiveQueries() == false) {
+                throw new OpenSearchException(
+                    "[wildcard] queries cannot be executed when '" + ALLOW_EXPENSIVE_QUERIES.getKey() + "' is set to " + "false."
+                );
+            }
+            failIfNotIndexedAndNoDocValues();
+            // keyword field types are always normalized, so ignore case sensitivity and force normalize the
+            // wildcard
             // query text
-            return super.wildcardQuery(value, method, caseInsensitve, true, context);
+            if (isSearchable() && hasDocValues()) {
+                Query indexQuery = super.wildcardQuery(value, method, caseInsensitive, true, context);
+                Query dvQuery = super.wildcardQuery(value, MultiTermQuery.DOC_VALUES_REWRITE, caseInsensitive, true, context);
+                return new IndexOrDocValuesQuery(indexQuery, dvQuery);
+            }
+            if (hasDocValues()) {
+                Term term;
+                value = normalizeWildcardPattern(name(), value, getTextSearchInfo().getSearchAnalyzer());
+                term = new Term(name(), value);
+                if (caseInsensitive) {
+                    return AutomatonQueries.caseInsensitiveWildcardQuery(term, method);
+                }
+                return new WildcardQuery(term, Operations.DEFAULT_DETERMINIZE_WORK_LIMIT, MultiTermQuery.DOC_VALUES_REWRITE);
+            }
+            return super.wildcardQuery(value, method, caseInsensitive, true, context);
         }
+
     }
 
     private final boolean indexed;
@@ -422,8 +646,10 @@ protected KeywordFieldMapper(
         this.indexAnalyzers = builder.indexAnalyzers;
     }
 
-    /** Values that have more chars than the return value of this method will
-     *  be skipped at parsing time. */
+    /**
+     * Values that have more chars than the return value of this method will
+     * be skipped at parsing time.
+     */
     public int ignoreAbove() {
         return ignoreAbove;
     }

server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/mapper/MappedFieldType.java

@@ -269,6 +269,21 @@ public Query fuzzyQuery(
         );
     }
 
+    // Fuzzy Query with re-write method
+    public Query fuzzyQuery(
+        Object value,
+        Fuzziness fuzziness,
+        int prefixLength,
+        int maxExpansions,
+        boolean transpositions,
+        @Nullable MultiTermQuery.RewriteMethod method,
+        QueryShardContext context
+    ) {
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+            "Can only use fuzzy queries on keyword and text fields - not on [" + name + "] which is of type [" + typeName() + "]"
+        );
+    }
+
     // Case sensitive form of prefix query
     public final Query prefixQuery(String value, @Nullable MultiTermQuery.RewriteMethod method, QueryShardContext context) {
         return prefixQuery(value, method, false, context);
@@ -433,6 +448,15 @@ protected final void failIfNotIndexed() {
         }
     }
 
+    protected final void failIfNotIndexedAndNoDocValues() {
+        // we fail if a field is both not indexed and does not have doc_values enabled
+        if (isIndexed == false && hasDocValues() == false) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                "Cannot search on field [" + name() + "] since it is both not indexed," + " and does not have doc_values enabled."
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
     public boolean eagerGlobalOrdinals() {
         return eagerGlobalOrdinals;
     }

server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/search/fetch/subphase/highlight/CustomQueryScorer.java

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 package org.opensearch.search.fetch.subphase.highlight;
 
 import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexReader;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexOrDocValuesQuery;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.QueryScorer;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.WeightedSpanTerm;
@@ -104,6 +105,8 @@ protected void extract(Query query, float boost, Map<String, WeightedSpanTerm> t
                 super.extract(((FunctionScoreQuery) query).getSubQuery(), boost, terms);
             } else if (query instanceof OpenSearchToParentBlockJoinQuery) {
                 super.extract(((OpenSearchToParentBlockJoinQuery) query).getChildQuery(), boost, terms);
+            } else if (query instanceof IndexOrDocValuesQuery) {
+                super.extract(((IndexOrDocValuesQuery) query).getIndexQuery(), boost, terms);
             } else {
                 super.extract(query, boost, terms);
             }