Puppet Labs Standard Library

This module provides a "standard library" of resources for developing Puppet Modules. This modules will include the following additions to Puppet

• Stages
• Facts
• Functions
• Defined resource types
• Types
• Providers

This module is officially curated and provided by Puppet Labs. The modules Puppet Labs writes and distributes will make heavy use of this standard library.

To report or research a bug with any part of this module, please go to http://projects.puppetlabs.com/projects/stdlib

Versions

This module follows semver.org (v1.0.0) versioning guidelines. The standard library module is released as part of Puppet Enterprise and as a result older versions of Puppet Enterprise that Puppet Labs still supports will have bugfix maintenance branches periodically "merged up" into master. The current list of integration branches are:

• v2.1.x (v2.1.1 released in PE 1.2, 1.2.1, 1.2.3, 1.2.4)
• v2.2.x (Never released as part of PE, only to the Forge)
• v2.3.x (Released in PE 2.5.x)
• master (mainline development branch)

The first Puppet Enterprise version including the stdlib module is Puppet Enterprise 1.2.

Compatibility

The stdlib module does not work with Puppet versions released prior to Puppet 2.6.0.

stdlib 2.x

All stdlib releases in the 2.0 major version support Puppet 2.6 and Puppet 2.7.

stdlib 3.x

The 3.0 major release of stdlib drops support for Puppet 2.6. Stdlib 3.x supports Puppet 2 and Puppet 3.

Functions

abs

Returns the absolute value of a number, for example -34.56 becomes 34.56. Takes a single integer and float value as an argument.

• Type: rvalue

bool2num

Converts a boolean to a number. Converts the values: false, f, 0, n, and no to 0 true, t, 1, y, and yes to 1 Requires a single boolean or string as an input.

• Type: rvalue

capitalize

Capitalizes the first letter of a string or array of strings. Requires either a single string or an array as an input.

• Type: rvalue

chomp

Removes the record separator from the end of a string or an array of strings, for example hello\n becomes hello. Requires a single string or array as an input.

• Type: rvalue

chop

Returns a new string with the last character removed. If the string ends with \r\n, both characters are removed. Applying chop to an empty string returns an empty string. If you wish to merely remove record separators then you should use the chomp function. Requires a string or array of strings as input.

• Type: rvalue

defined_with_params

Takes a resource reference and an optional hash of attributes.

Returns true if a resource with the specified attributes has already been added to the catalog, and false otherwise.

user { 'dan':
  ensure => present,
}

if ! defined_with_params(User[dan], {'ensure' => 'present' }) {
  user { 'dan': ensure => present, }
}

• Type: rvalue

delete

Deletes a selected element from an array.

Examples:

delete(['a','b','c'], 'b')

Would return: ['a','c']

• Type: rvalue

delete_at

Deletes a determined indexed value from an array.

Examples:

delete_at(['a','b','c'], 1)

Would return: ['a','c']

• Type: rvalue

downcase

Converts the case of a string or all strings in an array to lower case.

• Type: rvalue

empty

Returns true if the variable is empty.

• Type: rvalue

ensure_resource

Takes a resource type, title, and a list of attributes that describe a resource.

user { 'dan':
  ensure => present,
}

This example only creates the resource if it does not already exist:

ensure_resource('user, 'dan', {'ensure' => 'present' })

If the resource already exists but does not match the specified parameters, this function will attempt to recreate the resource leading to a duplicate resource definition error.

• Type: statement

flatten

This function flattens any deeply nested arrays and returns a single flat array as a result.

Examples:

flatten(['a', ['b', ['c']]])

Would return: ['a','b','c']

• Type: rvalue

fqdn_rotate

Rotates an array a random number of times based on a nodes fqdn.

• Type: rvalue

get_module_path

Returns the absolute path of the specified module for the current environment.

Example: $module_path = get_module_path('stdlib')

• Type: rvalue

getvar

Lookup a variable in a remote namespace.

For example:

$foo = getvar('site::data::foo')
# Equivalent to $foo = $site::data::foo

This is useful if the namespace itself is stored in a string:

$datalocation = 'site::data'
$bar = getvar("${datalocation}::bar")
# Equivalent to $bar = $site::data::bar

• Type: rvalue

grep

This function searches through an array and returns any elements that match the provided regular expression.

Examples:

grep(['aaa','bbb','ccc','aaaddd'], 'aaa')

Would return:

['aaa','aaaddd']

• Type: rvalue

has_key

Determine if a hash has a certain key value.

Example:

$my_hash = {'key_one' => 'value_one'}
if has_key($my_hash, 'key_two') {
  notice('we will not reach here')
}
if has_key($my_hash, 'key_one') {
  notice('this will be printed')
}

• Type: rvalue

hash

This function converts and array into a hash.

Examples:

hash(['a',1,'b',2,'c',3])

Would return: {'a'=>1,'b'=>2,'c'=>3}

• Type: rvalue

is_array

Returns true if the variable passed to this function is an array.

• Type: rvalue

is_domain_name

Returns true if the string passed to this function is a syntactically correct domain name.

• Type: rvalue

is_float

Returns true if the variable passed to this function is a float.

• Type: rvalue

is_hash

Returns true if the variable passed to this function is a hash.

• Type: rvalue

is_integer

Returns true if the variable returned to this string is an integer.

• Type: rvalue

is_ip_address

Returns true if the string passed to this function is a valid IP address.

• Type: rvalue

is_mac_address

Returns true if the string passed to this function is a valid mac address.

• Type: rvalue

is_numeric

Returns true if the variable passed to this function is a number.

• Type: rvalue

is_string

Returns true if the variable passed to this function is a string.

• Type: rvalue

join

This function joins an array into a string using a seperator.

Examples:

join(['a','b','c'], ",")

Would result in: "a,b,c"

• Type: rvalue

keys

Returns the keys of a hash as an array.

• Type: rvalue

loadyaml

Load a YAML file containing an array, string, or hash, and return the data in the corresponding native data type.

For example:

$myhash = loadyaml('/etc/puppet/data/myhash.yaml')

• Type: rvalue

lstrip

Strips leading spaces to the left of a string.

• Type: rvalue

member

This function determines if a variable is a member of an array.

Examples:

member(['a','b'], 'b')

Would return: true

member(['a','b'], 'c')

Would return: false

• Type: rvalue

merge

Merges two or more hashes together and returns the resulting hash.

For example:

$hash1 = {'one' => 1, 'two', => 2}
$hash2 = {'two' => 'dos', 'three', => 'tres'}
$merged_hash = merge($hash1, $hash2)
# The resulting hash is equivalent to:
# $merged_hash =  {'one' => 1, 'two' => 'dos', 'three' => 'tres'}

When there is a duplicate key, the key in the rightmost hash will "win."

• Type: rvalue

num2bool

This function converts a number into a true boolean. Zero becomes false. Numbers higher then 0 become true.

• Type: rvalue

parsejson

This function accepts JSON as a string and converts into the correct Puppet structure.

• Type: rvalue

parseyaml

This function accepts YAML as a string and converts it into the correct Puppet structure.

• Type: rvalue

prefix

This function applies a prefix to all elements in an array.

Examles:

prefix(['a','b','c'], 'p')

Will return: ['pa','pb','pc']

• Type: rvalue

range

When given range in the form of (start, stop) it will extrapolate a range as an array.

Examples:

range("0", "9")

Will return: [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]

range("00", "09")

Will return: [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] (Zero padded strings are converted to integers automatically)

range("a", "c")

Will return: ["a","b","c"]

range("host01", "host10")

Will return: ["host01", "host02", ..., "host09", "host10"]

• Type: rvalue

reverse

Reverses the order of a string or array.

• Type: rvalue

rstrip

Strips leading spaces to the right of the string.

• Type: rvalue

shuffle

Randomizes the order of a string or array elements.

• Type: rvalue

size

Returns the number of elements in a string or array.

• Type: rvalue

sort

Sorts strings and arrays lexically.

• Type: rvalue

squeeze

Returns a new string where runs of the same character that occur in this set are replaced by a single character.

• Type: rvalue

str2bool

This converts a string to a boolean. This attempt to convert strings that contain things like: y, 1, t, true to 'true' and strings that contain things like: 0, f, n, false, no to 'false'.

• Type: rvalue

str2saltedsha512

This converts a string to a salted-SHA512 password hash (which is used for OS X versions >= 10.7). Given any simple string, you will get a hex version of a salted-SHA512 password hash that can be inserted into your Puppet manifests as a valid password attribute.

• Type: rvalue

strftime

This function returns formatted time.

Examples:

To return the time since epoch:

strftime("%s")

To return the date:

strftime("%Y-%m-%d")

Format meaning:

%a - The abbreviated weekday name (``Sun'')
%A - The  full  weekday  name (``Sunday'')
%b - The abbreviated month name (``Jan'')
%B - The  full  month  name (``January'')
%c - The preferred local date and time representation
%C - Century (20 in 2009)
%d - Day of the month (01..31)
%D - Date (%m/%d/%y)
%e - Day of the month, blank-padded ( 1..31)
%F - Equivalent to %Y-%m-%d (the ISO 8601 date format)
%h - Equivalent to %b
%H - Hour of the day, 24-hour clock (00..23)
%I - Hour of the day, 12-hour clock (01..12)
%j - Day of the year (001..366)
%k - hour, 24-hour clock, blank-padded ( 0..23)
%l - hour, 12-hour clock, blank-padded ( 0..12)
%L - Millisecond of the second (000..999)
%m - Month of the year (01..12)
%M - Minute of the hour (00..59)
%n - Newline (

) %N - Fractional seconds digits, default is 9 digits (nanosecond) %3N millisecond (3 digits) %6N microsecond (6 digits) %9N nanosecond (9 digits) %p - Meridian indicator (AM'' or PM'') %P - Meridian indicator (am'' or pm'') %r - time, 12-hour (same as %I:%M:%S %p) %R - time, 24-hour (%H:%M) %s - Number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC. %S - Second of the minute (00..60) %t - Tab character ( ) %T - time, 24-hour (%H:%M:%S) %u - Day of the week as a decimal, Monday being 1. (1..7) %U - Week number of the current year, starting with the first Sunday as the first day of the first week (00..53) %v - VMS date (%e-%b-%Y) %V - Week number of year according to ISO 8601 (01..53) %W - Week number of the current year, starting with the first Monday as the first day of the first week (00..53) %w - Day of the week (Sunday is 0, 0..6) %x - Preferred representation for the date alone, no time %X - Preferred representation for the time alone, no date %y - Year without a century (00..99) %Y - Year with century %z - Time zone as hour offset from UTC (e.g. +0900) %Z - Time zone name %% - Literal ``%'' character

• Type: rvalue

strip

This function removes leading and trailing whitespace from a string or from every string inside an array.

Examples:

strip("    aaa   ")

Would result in: "aaa"

• Type: rvalue

swapcase

This function will swap the existing case of a string.

Examples:

swapcase("aBcD")

Would result in: "AbCd"

• Type: rvalue

time

This function will return the current time since epoch as an integer.

Examples:

time()

Will return something like: 1311972653

• Type: rvalue

to_bytes

Converts the argument into bytes, for example 4 kB becomes 4096. Takes a single string value as an argument.

• Type: rvalue

type

Returns the type when passed a variable. Type can be one of:

• string
• array
• hash
• float
• integer
• boolean

• Type: rvalue

unique

This function will remove duplicates from strings and arrays.

Examples:

unique("aabbcc")

Will return:

abc

You can also use this with arrays:

unique(["a","a","b","b","c","c"])

This returns:

["a","b","c"]

• Type: rvalue

upcase

Converts a string or an array of strings to uppercase.

Examples:

upcase("abcd")

Will return:

ABCD

• Type: rvalue

validate_absolute_path

Validate the string represents an absolute path in the filesystem. This function works for windows and unix style paths.

The following values will pass:

$my_path = "C:/Program Files (x86)/Puppet Labs/Puppet"
validate_absolute_path($my_path)
$my_path2 = "/var/lib/puppet"
validate_absolute_path($my_path2)

The following values will fail, causing compilation to abort:

validate_absolute_path(true)
validate_absolute_path([ 'var/lib/puppet', '/var/foo' ])
validate_absolute_path([ '/var/lib/puppet', 'var/foo' ])
$undefined = undef
validate_absolute_path($undefined)

• Type: statement

validate_array

Validate that all passed values are array data structures. Abort catalog compilation if any value fails this check.

The following values will pass:

$my_array = [ 'one', 'two' ]
validate_array($my_array)

The following values will fail, causing compilation to abort:

validate_array(true)
validate_array('some_string')
$undefined = undef
validate_array($undefined)

• Type: statement

validate_bool

Validate that all passed values are either true or false. Abort catalog compilation if any value fails this check.

The following values will pass:

$iamtrue = true
validate_bool(true)
validate_bool(true, true, false, $iamtrue)

The following values will fail, causing compilation to abort:

$some_array = [ true ]
validate_bool("false")
validate_bool("true")
validate_bool($some_array)

• Type: statement

validate_hash

Validate that all passed values are hash data structures. Abort catalog compilation if any value fails this check.

The following values will pass:

$my_hash = { 'one' => 'two' }
validate_hash($my_hash)

The following values will fail, causing compilation to abort:

validate_hash(true)
validate_hash('some_string')
$undefined = undef
validate_hash($undefined)

• Type: statement

validate_re

Perform simple validation of a string against one or more regular expressions. The first argument of this function should be a string to test, and the second argument should be a stringified regular expression (without the // delimiters) or an array of regular expressions. If none of the regular expressions match the string passed in, compilation will abort with a parse error.

If a third argument is specified, this will be the error message raised and seen by the user.

The following strings will validate against the regular expressions:

validate_re('one', '^one$')
validate_re('one', [ '^one', '^two' ])

The following strings will fail to validate, causing compilation to abort:

validate_re('one', [ '^two', '^three' ])

A helpful error message can be returned like this:

validate_re($::puppetversion, '^2.7', 'The $puppetversion fact value does not match 2.7')

• Type: statement

validate_slength

Validate that the first argument is a string (or an array of strings), and less/equal to than the length of the second argument. It fails if the first argument is not a string or array of strings, and if arg 2 is not convertable to a number.

The following values will pass:

validate_slength("discombobulate",17) validate_slength(["discombobulate","moo"],17)

The following valueis will not:

validate_slength("discombobulate",1) validate_slength(["discombobulate","thermometer"],5)

• Type: statement

validate_string

Validate that all passed values are string data structures. Abort catalog compilation if any value fails this check.

The following values will pass:

$my_string = "one two"
validate_string($my_string, 'three')

The following values will fail, causing compilation to abort:

validate_string(true)
validate_string([ 'some', 'array' ])
$undefined = undef
validate_string($undefined)

• Type: statement

values

When given a hash this function will return the values of that hash.

Examples:

$hash = {
  'a' => 1,
  'b' => 2,
  'c' => 3,
}
values($hash)

This example would return:

[1,2,3]

• Type: rvalue

values_at

Finds value inside an array based on location.

The first argument is the array you want to analyze, and the second element can be a combination of:

• A single numeric index
• A range in the form of 'start-stop' (eg. 4-9)
• An array combining the above

Examples:

values_at(['a','b','c'], 2)

Would return ['c'].

values_at(['a','b','c'], ["0-1"])

Would return ['a','b'].

values_at(['a','b','c','d','e'], [0, "2-3"])

Would return ['a','c','d'].

• Type: rvalue

zip

Takes one element from first array and merges corresponding elements from second array. This generates a sequence of n-element arrays, where n is one more than the count of arguments.

Example:

zip(['1','2','3'],['4','5','6'])

Would result in:

["1", "4"], ["2", "5"], ["3", "6"]

• Type: rvalue