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Clean up Data
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@emanueleghedini
emanueleghedini committed Mar 23, 2024
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dcterms:creator "Emanuele Ghedini, University of Bologna, IT"@en ;
dcterms:license "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" ;
dcterms:publisher "EMMC ASBL"@en ;
dcterms:title "Distinctional"@en ;
dcterms:title "Data"@en ;
rdfs:comment """Contacts:
Gerhard Goldbeck
Goldbeck Consulting Ltd (UK)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -159,10 +159,10 @@ Variations are pure physical variations and do not necessarily possess semantic
:EMMO_ac1a05c5_0c17_4387_bac0_683f2a86f3ed
)
] ;
owl:disjointWith :EMMO_5a10e288_c6a5_409a_a16a_98a2fb8be4f3 ;
rdfs:comment "Data"@en ;
skos:altLabel "EncodedVariation"@en ;
skos:example """A Radio Morse Code transmission can be addressed by combination of perspectives.
Physicalistic: the electromagnetic pulses can be defined as individual A (of type Field) and the strip of paper coming out a printer receiver can be defined as individual B (of type Matter).
Data: both A and B are also DiscreteData class individuals. In particular they may belong to a MorseData class, subclass of DiscreteData.
Perceptual: B is an individual belonging to the graphical entities expressing symbols. In particular is a formula under the MorseLanguage class, made of a combination of . and - symbols.
Expand All @@ -171,8 +171,7 @@ Semiotics: A and B can be signs if they refers to something else (e.g. a report
skos:prefLabel "EncodedData"@en ;
:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A causal object whose properties variation are encoded by an agent and that can be decoded by another agent according to a specific rule."@en ;
:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f """Variations in data are generated by an agent (not necessarily human) and are intended to be decoded by the same or another agent using the same encoding rules.
Data are always generated by an agent but not necessarily possess a semantic meaninig, either because it's lost or unknown or because simply they possess none (e.g. a random generation of symbols).
A data object may be used as the physical basis for a sign, under Semiotics perspective."""@en ,
Data are always generated by an agent but not necessarily possess a semantic meaninig, either because it's lost or unknown or because simply they possess none (e.g. a random generation of symbols). A data object may be used as the physical basis for a sign, under Semiotics perspective."""@en ,
"""We call \"decoding\" the act of recognise the variation according to a particular rule and generate another equivalent schema (e.g. in the agent's cognitive apparatus, as another form of data).
We call \"interpreting\" the act of providing semantic meaning to data, which is covered by the semiotic perspective."""@en ;
:EMMO_c84c6752_6d64_48cc_9500_e54a3c34898d "https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data"^^xsd:anyURI .
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -202,15 +201,15 @@ We call \"interpreting\" the act of providing semantic meaning to data, which is

### https://w3id.org/emmo#EMMO_4b3afb22_27cf_4ce3_88bc_492bfccb546b
:EMMO_4b3afb22_27cf_4ce3_88bc_492bfccb546b rdf:type owl:Class ;
rdfs:comment "'acoustical' refers to the perception mechanism of the observer that can occur through a microphone, a ear."@en ;
skos:altLabel "Sound"@en ;
skos:example """When we use the term 'sound' what are we referring to? The EMMO identifis a sound as the physical object that can be heard by the observer (more exactly, by the sensor of the observer).
In this sense, a sound (which is an acoustical object) is to be identified as the air region that manifests the sound wave and is able to be perceived by an observer. In case the wave is travelling through water or steel, then these other media regions are the sounds.
If the waveform is travelling through a cable as electronic signal (analog or digital) it is no more a sound, since it cannot be perceived by an observer as an acoustical object. This electrical waveform (or digital packet) is another physical that may stand for a sound if interpreted by a device (e.g. an amplifier, a DA converter)."""@en ;
skos:prefLabel "Auditory"@en ;
:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatiotemporal pattern makes it identifiable by an observer as a sound."@en .
:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatiotemporal pattern makes it identifiable by an observer as a sound."@en ;
:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f "'acoustical' refers to the perception mechanism of the observer that can occur through a microphone, a ear."@en .


### https://w3id.org/emmo#EMMO_50d6236a_7667_4883_8ae1_9bb5d190423a
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -247,11 +246,6 @@ It doesn't mean that such variations cannot be used to deduce something: in fact
)
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf :EMMO_1e877c70_3b01_45a8_a8f6_8ce4f6a24660 ;
rdfs:comment """This class is the most general superclass for the categorization of contrasts that are perceivable through a specific human-related perception mechanism. This perspective is based on human characterization of perceptions.
A 'Perceptual' can stand for another object in an EMMO described semiotic process (acting as sign or as object), just like a word on a paper (the perceptual object) may refer semiotically to another object. However, a perceptual is not necessarily a 'Sign' (e.g. a line sketched on a blackboard is a recognizable 'Perceptual' but it may stand for nothing).
A 'Perceptual' becomes a semiotic object, when it is part of a 'Semiotic' process described by the ontologist within the EMMO, and it's done always specifying for which interpreter this relation occurs."""@en ;
skos:example """A line scratched on a surface.
A sound.
A smell.
Expand All @@ -271,7 +265,10 @@ So, the Perceptual class is here to categorized real-world objects at meta-level
We could have represented the word \"elephant\" within a physicalistic approach, by identifying it as a pressure wave in the air."""@en ;
skos:prefLabel "Perceptual"@en ;
:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class constrast individuals standing for entities that can stimulate a perception (e.g. a retina impression) to a human being and that are categorized accordingly to human perception mechanisms."@en .
:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class constrast individuals standing for entities that can stimulate a perception (e.g. a retina impression) to a human being and that are categorized accordingly to human perception mechanisms."@en ;
:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f """This class is the most general superclass for the categorization of contrasts that are perceivable through a specific human-related perception mechanism. This perspective is based on human characterization of perceptions.
A 'Perceptual' can stand for another object in an EMMO described semiotic process (acting as sign or as object), just like a word on a paper (the perceptual object) may refer semiotically to another object. However, a perceptual is not necessarily a 'Sign' (e.g. a line sketched on a blackboard is a recognizable 'Perceptual' but it may stand for nothing).
A 'Perceptual' becomes a semiotic object, when it is part of a 'Semiotic' process described by the ontologist within the EMMO, and it's done always specifying for which interpreter this relation occurs."""@en .

[ rdf:type owl:Axiom ;
owl:annotatedSource :EMMO_649bf97b_4397_4005_90d9_219755d92e34 ;
Expand All @@ -287,10 +284,6 @@ We could have represented the word \"elephant\" within a physicalistic approach,
:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "Data that are expressed through quantum mechanical principles, and that can have several values ​​/ be in several states in the same place at the same time (quantum superposition), each of them with a certain probability."@en .


### https://w3id.org/emmo#EMMO_70bbb94e_2ca7_4d73_ba01_6397f134d172
:EMMO_70bbb94e_2ca7_4d73_ba01_6397f134d172 rdf:type owl:Class .


### https://w3id.org/emmo#EMMO_86060335_31c2_4820_b433_27c64aea0366
:EMMO_86060335_31c2_4820_b433_27c64aea0366 rdf:type owl:Class ;
rdfs:subClassOf :EMMO_9268958f_7f54_48ab_a693_febe2645892b ;
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -365,17 +358,17 @@ A mail."""@en ;
### https://w3id.org/emmo#EMMO_c74da218_9147_4f03_92d1_8894abca55f3
:EMMO_c74da218_9147_4f03_92d1_8894abca55f3 rdf:type owl:Class ;
rdfs:subClassOf :EMMO_c5ae6d8e_6b39_431f_8de4_ae4e357abc04 ;
rdfs:comment "This concept includes only things that are purposely created by an agent."@en ;
skos:example "'Graphical' objects include writings, pictures, sketches ..."@en ;
skos:prefLabel "Graphical"@en ;
:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatial configuration is due to an explicit graphical procedure and shows an identifiable pattern."@en .
:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatial configuration is due to an explicit graphical procedure and shows an identifiable pattern."@en ;
:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f "This concept includes only things that are purposely created by an agent."@en .

[ rdf:type owl:Axiom ;
owl:annotatedSource :EMMO_c74da218_9147_4f03_92d1_8894abca55f3 ;
owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ;
owl:annotatedTarget "Graphical"@en ;
rdfs:comment "The term graphical is used in etymological sense, comprising both writings and visual arts."@en ;
:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From the Ancient Greek γραφή (graphḗ) which means drawing, painting, writing, a writing, description, and from γράφω (gráphō) which means scratch, carve."@en
:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From the Ancient Greek γραφή (graphḗ) which means drawing, painting, writing, a writing, description, and from γράφω (gráphō) which means scratch, carve."@en ;
:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f "The term graphical is used in etymological sense, comprising both writings and visual arts."@en
] .


Expand Down Expand Up @@ -413,7 +406,7 @@ A mail."""@en ;
:EMMO_eb7de1a1_c30e_4f0d_94c6_fe70414d7e61 rdf:type owl:Class ;
rdfs:subClassOf :EMMO_c74da218_9147_4f03_92d1_8894abca55f3 ;
skos:prefLabel "Representation"@en ;
:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A graphical object aimed to represent schematically the conceptual, tempral or spatial structure of another object." .
:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A graphical object aimed to represent schematically the conceptual, tempral or spatial structure of another object, that may or may not exist."@en .


### https://w3id.org/emmo#EMMO_ed257e78_8b59_44c3_9d61_06c261184f55
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