HyperV Terraform Provider

#This is beta code. Working on adding acceptance tests so that I can mark it as release quality.

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Features

• Remote scheduled task powershell runner does not run into issues with escaping variables or escaping between the different scripting layers.
• Changed Winrmcp to use Powershell commands directly rather than using base64 encoded strings as we want to prevent Powershell progress leaking.
• Changed Winrmcp to return path of files on remote box as the location of $env:temp can change in Powershell depending on the session instance.
• Runs all HyperV commands remotely i.e. so the provider can run on a linux machine and connect remotely to a windows machine running HyperV.
• Almost all functionality of Powershell HyperV commandlets for the resources is exposed via Terraform resources.
• Resource - Network Switch
• Resource - VHD
• Resource - Virtual Machine Instance
  • Network adaptors
  • Hard drives
  • Dvd drives

Requirements

• Terraform 1.29.x
• Go 1.19 (to build the provider plugin)
• Connectivity and credentials to a server running HyperV on Windows 10, Windows Server 2016 or newer

Setting up server for Provider usage

• Install HyperV Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName:Microsoft-Hyper-V -All
• Enable WinRM with negotiate authentication support

Enable-PSRemoting -SkipNetworkProfileCheck -Force

Set-WSManInstance WinRM/Config/WinRS -ValueSet @{MaxMemoryPerShellMB = 1024}
Set-WSManInstance WinRM/Config -ValueSet @{MaxTimeoutms=1800000}
Set-WSManInstance WinRM/Config/Client -ValueSet @{TrustedHosts="*"}
Set-WSManInstance WinRM/Config/Service/Auth -ValueSet @{Negotiate = $true}

• WinRM allow HTTPS

#Create CA certificate
$rootCaName = "DevRootCA"
$rootCaPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString "P@ssw0rd" -asplaintext -force 
$rootCaCertificate = Get-ChildItem cert:\LocalMachine\Root |?{$_.subject -eq "CN=$rootCaName"}
if (!$rootCaCertificate){
  Get-ChildItem cert:\LocalMachine\My |?{$_.subject -eq "CN=$rootCaName"} | remove-item -force
  if (Test-Path .\$rootCaName.cer) {
    remove-item .\$rootCaName.cer -force
  }
  if (Test-Path .\$rootCaName.pfx) {
    remove-item .\$rootCaName.pfx -force
  }
  $params = @{
    Type = 'Custom'
    DnsName = $rootCaName
    Subject = "CN=$rootCaName"
    KeyExportPolicy = 'Exportable'
    CertStoreLocation = 'Cert:\LocalMachine\My'
    KeyUsageProperty = 'All'
    KeyUsage = 'None'
    Provider = 'Microsoft Strong Cryptographic Provider'
    KeySpec = 'KeyExchange'
    KeyLength = 4096
    HashAlgorithm = 'SHA256'
    KeyAlgorithm = 'RSA'
    NotAfter = (Get-Date).AddYears(5)
  }
  $rootCaCertificate = New-SelfSignedCertificate @params

  Export-Certificate -Cert $rootCaCertificate -FilePath .\$rootCaName.cer -Verbose
  Export-PfxCertificate -Cert $rootCaCertificate -FilePath .\$rootCaName.pfx -Password $rootCaPassword -Verbose
  Get-ChildItem cert:\LocalMachine\My |?{$_.subject -eq "CN=$rootCaName"} | remove-item -force
  Import-PfxCertificate -FilePath .\$rootCaName.pfx -CertStoreLocation Cert:\LocalMachine\Root -password $rootCaPassword -Exportable -Verbose
  Import-PfxCertificate -FilePath .\$rootCaName.pfx -CertStoreLocation Cert:\LocalMachine\My -password $rootCaPassword -Exportable -Verbose
  $rootCaCertificate = Get-ChildItem cert:\LocalMachine\My |?{$_.subject -eq "CN=$rootCaName"}
}

#Create host certificate using CA
$hostName = [System.Net.Dns]::GetHostName()
$hostPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString "P@ssw0rd" -asplaintext -force
$hostCertificate = Get-ChildItem cert:\LocalMachine\My |?{$_.subject -eq "CN=$hostName"}
if (!$hostCertificate){
  if (Test-Path .\$hostName.cer) {
    remove-item .\$hostName.cer -force
  }
  if (Test-Path .\$hostName.pfx) {
    remove-item .\$hostName.pfx -force
  }
  $dnsNames = @($hostName, "localhost", "127.0.0.1") + [System.Net.Dns]::GetHostByName($env:computerName).AddressList.IpAddressToString
  
  $params = @{
    Type = 'Custom'
    DnsName = $dnsNames
    Subject = "CN=$hostName"
    KeyExportPolicy = 'Exportable'
    CertStoreLocation = 'Cert:\LocalMachine\My'
    KeyUsageProperty = 'All'
    KeyUsage = @('KeyEncipherment','DigitalSignature','NonRepudiation')
    TextExtension = @("2.5.29.37={text}1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1,1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2")
    Signer = $rootCaCertificate
    Provider = 'Microsoft Strong Cryptographic Provider'
    KeySpec = 'KeyExchange'
    KeyLength = 2048
    HashAlgorithm = 'SHA256'
    KeyAlgorithm = 'RSA'
    NotAfter = (Get-date).AddYears(2)
  }
  $hostCertificate = New-SelfSignedCertificate @params
  Export-Certificate -Cert $hostCertificate -FilePath .\$hostName.cer -Verbose
  Export-PfxCertificate -Cert $hostCertificate -FilePath .\$hostName.pfx -Password $hostPassword -Verbose
  Get-ChildItem cert:\LocalMachine\My |?{$_.subject -eq "CN=$hostName"} | remove-item -force
  Import-PfxCertificate -FilePath .\$hostName.pfx -CertStoreLocation Cert:\LocalMachine\My -password $hostPassword -Exportable -Verbose
  $hostCertificate = Get-ChildItem cert:\LocalMachine\My |?{$_.subject -eq "CN=$hostName"}
}

Get-ChildItem wsman:\localhost\Listener\ | Where-Object -Property Keys -eq 'Transport=HTTPS' | Remove-Item -Recurse
New-Item -Path WSMan:\localhost\Listener -Transport HTTPS -Address * -CertificateThumbPrint $($hostCertificate.Thumbprint) -Force -Verbose

Restart-Service WinRM -Verbose

New-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName "Windows Remote Management (HTTPS-In)" -Name "WinRMHTTPSIn" -Profile Any -LocalPort 5986 -Protocol TCP -Verbose

• WinRM allow HTTP

# Get the public networks
$PubNets = Get-NetConnectionProfile -NetworkCategory Public -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue 

# Set the profile to private
foreach ($PubNet in $PubNets) {
    Set-NetConnectionProfile -InterfaceIndex $PubNet.InterfaceIndex -NetworkCategory Private
}

# Configure winrm
Set-WSManInstance WinRM/Config/Service -ValueSet @{AllowUnencrypted = $true}

# Restore network categories
foreach ($PubNet in $PubNets) {
    Set-NetConnectionProfile -InterfaceIndex $PubNet.InterfaceIndex -NetworkCategory Public
}

Get-ChildItem wsman:\localhost\Listener\ | Where-Object -Property Keys -eq 'Transport=HTTP' | Remove-Item -Recurse
New-Item -Path WSMan:\localhost\Listener -Transport HTTP -Address * -Force -Verbose

Restart-Service WinRM -Verbose

New-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName "Windows Remote Management (HTTP-In)" -Name "WinRMHTTPIn" -Profile Any -LocalPort 5985 -Protocol TCP -Verbose

Enable Ssl for WinRM using Powershell

To debug WinRm issues enable debugging by setting environment variable WINRMCP_DEBUG=1 and TF_LOG=DEBUG

Check if you can connect to WinRM

$hostName=[System.Net.Dns]::GetHostName()
$winrmPort = "5986"

# Get the credentials of the machine
$cred = Get-Credential

# Connect to the machine
$soptions = New-PSSessionOption -SkipCACheck -SkipCNCheck
Enter-PSSession -ComputerName $hostName -Port $winrmPort -Credential $cred -SessionOption $soptions -UseSSL

Building The Provider

Clone repository to: $GOPATH/src/github.com/taliesins/terraform-provider-hyperv

$ mkdir -p $GOPATH/src/github.com/taliesins; cd $GOPATH/src/github.com/taliesins
$ git clone https://github.com/taliesins/terraform-provider-hyperv.git

Enter the provider directory and build the provider

$ cd $GOPATH/src/github.com/taliesins/terraform-provider-hyperv
$ make build

Using the provider

Fill in for each provider

Developing the Provider

If you wish to work on the provider, you'll first need Go installed on your machine (version 1.17+ is required). You'll also need to correctly setup a GOPATH, as well as adding $GOPATH/bin to your $PATH.

To compile the provider, run make build. This will build the provider and put the provider binary in the $GOPATH/bin directory.

You should also use the terraform documentation to setup the terraform environment correctly so that you can use your locally compiled version.

$ make build
...
$ $GOPATH/bin/terraform-provider-hyperv
...

In order to test the provider, you can simply run make test.

$ make test

In order to run the full suite of Acceptance tests, run make testacc.

Note: Acceptance tests create real resources, and often cost money to run.

$ make testacc

Debugging the Provider

To set Terraform log level:

set TF_LOG=TRACE

To view powershell commands that are sent:

set WINRMCP_DEBUG=TRUE