[Neuropixels] Extend metadata

src/constantinople_lab_to_nwb/mah_2024/mah_2024_convert_session.py

@@ -1,75 +1,13 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Union, Optional
-from warnings import warn
 
-import pandas as pd
 from dateutil import tz
 from neuroconv.utils import load_dict_from_file, dict_deep_update
-from pymatreader import read_mat
 
+from constantinople_lab_to_nwb.utils import get_subject_metadata_from_rat_info_folder
 from constantinople_lab_to_nwb.mah_2024 import Mah2024NWBConverter
 
 
-def get_subject_metadata_from_rat_info_folder(
-    folder_path: Union[str, Path],
-    subject_id: str,
-    date: str,
-) -> dict:
-    """
-    Load subject metadata from the rat info files.
-    The "registry.mat" file contains information about the subject such as date of birth, sex, and vendor.
-    The "Mass_registry.mat" file contains information about the weight of the subject.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    folder_path: Union[str, Path]
-        The folder path containing the rat info files.
-    subject_id: str
-        The subject ID.
-    date: str
-        The date of the session in the format "yyyy-mm-dd".
-    """
-
-    folder_path = Path(folder_path)
-    rat_registry_file_path = folder_path / "registry.mat"
-
-    subject_metadata = dict()
-    if rat_registry_file_path.exists():
-        rat_registry = read_mat(str(rat_registry_file_path))
-        rat_registry = pd.DataFrame(rat_registry["Registry"])
-
-        filtered_rat_registry = rat_registry[rat_registry["RatName"] == subject_id]
-        if not filtered_rat_registry.empty:
-            date_of_birth = filtered_rat_registry["DOB"].values[0]
-            if date_of_birth:
-                # convert date of birth to datetime with format "yyyy-mm-dd"
-                date_of_birth = pd.to_datetime(date_of_birth, format="%Y-%m-%d")
-                subject_metadata.update(date_of_birth=date_of_birth)
-            else:
-                # TODO: what to do if date of birth is missing?
-                warn("Date of birth is missing. We recommend adding this information to the rat info files.")
-                # Using age range specified in the manuscript
-                subject_metadata.update(age="P6M/P24M")
-            subject_metadata.update(sex=filtered_rat_registry["sex"].values[0])
-            vendor = filtered_rat_registry["vendor"].values[0]
-            if vendor:
-                subject_metadata.update(description=f"Vendor: {vendor}")
-
-    mass_registry_file_path = folder_path / "Mass_registry.mat"
-    if mass_registry_file_path.exists():
-        mass_registry = read_mat(str(mass_registry_file_path))
-        mass_registry = pd.DataFrame(mass_registry["Mass_registry"])
-
-        filtered_mass_registry = mass_registry[(mass_registry["rat"] == subject_id) & (mass_registry["date"] == date)]
-        if not filtered_mass_registry.empty:
-            weight_g = filtered_mass_registry["mass"].astype(int).values[0]  # in grams
-            # convert mass to kg
-            weight_kg = weight_g / 1000
-            subject_metadata.update(weight=str(weight_kg))
-
-    return subject_metadata
-
-
 def session_to_nwb(
     raw_behavior_file_path: Union[str, Path],
     processed_behavior_file_path: Union[str, Path],

src/constantinople_lab_to_nwb/schierek_embargo_2024/metadata/schierek_embargo_2024_ecephys_metadata.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Ecephys:
+  Device:
+    - name: DeviceEcephys
+      description: OpenEphys recording
+  ElectrodeGroup:
+    - name: ElectrodeGroup
+      description: The electrode group on the Neuropixels probe.
+      location: LO
+      device: DeviceEcephys
+  electrical_series:
+    name: electrical_series
+    description: The raw acquisition traces from Neuropixels probe (384 channels, 30 kHz sampling rate) using Neuropix-PXI hardware and OpenEphys.
+  lfp_electrical_series:
+    name: lfp_electrical_series
+    description: The processed traces from the Neuropixels probe (384 channels, 1 kHz sampling rate) using Neuropix-PXI hardware and OpenEphys.
+  UnitProperties:
+    - name: channel_depth_um
+      description: The distance of the channel from the tip of the neuropixels probe in micrometers.

src/constantinople_lab_to_nwb/schierek_embargo_2024/metadata/schierek_embargo_2024_general_metadata.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+NWBFile:
+#  related_publications:
+#    https://doi.org/### or link to APA or MLA citation of the publication
+  experiment_description: |
+    This dataset contains in vivo extracellular electrophysiology recordings from rats performing a value-based
+    decision-making task. Neural data were acquired using Neuropixels probes (384 channels, 30 kHz sampling rate) with
+    Neuropix-PXI hardware and OpenEphys, and preprocessed using Kilosort 2.5 with manual curation in Phy.
+    Trials were initiated by a nose-poke in a lit center port and required maintaining a center fixation for 0.8 to 1.2
+    seconds, during which a tone indicated the possible reward size. A subsequent side LED indicated the potential
+    reward location, followed by a delay period drawn from an exponential distribution (mean = 2.5 s). Rats could opt
+    out at any time by poking the unlit port, restarting the trial. Catch trials, where the delay period only ended if
+    the rat opted out, constituted 15-25% of the trials. Rats received penalties for premature fixation breaks.
+    Additionally, the tasks introduced semi-observable hidden states by varying reward statistics across uncued blocks
+    (high, low, and mixed), structured hierarchically, with blocks transitioning after 40 successfully completed trials.
+  session_description: |
+    This session contains extracellular electrophysiology acquired from 384 channels at 30 kHz using Neuropix-PXI hardware and OpenEphys.
+    The neural data were preprocessed using Kilosort 2.5. After preprocessing, clusters that were identified from Kilosort as single-units
+    were manually inspected using Phy. The behavioral tasks were conducted in a high-throughput facility where rats
+    were trained in increasingly complex protocols. Trials were initiated by a nose-poke in a lit center port and
+    required maintaining a center fixation for 0.8 to 1.2 seconds, during which a tone indicated the possible reward
+    size. A subsequent side LED indicated the potential reward location, followed by a delay period drawn from an
+    exponential distribution (mean = 2.5 s). Rats could opt out at any time by poking the unlit port, restarting the
+    trial. Catch trials, where the delay period only ended if the rat opted out, constituted 15-25% of the trials.
+    Rats received penalties for premature fixation breaks. Additionally, the tasks introduced semi-observable hidden
+    states by varying reward statistics across uncued blocks (high, low, and mixed), structured hierarchically, with
+    blocks transitioning after 40 successfully completed trials.
+  institution: NYU Center for Neural Science
+  lab: Constantinople
+  keywords:
+    - decision making
+    - reinforcement learning
+    - hidden state inference
+    - extracellular electrophysiology
+    - single-unit activity
+  experimenter:
+    - Schiereck, Shannon
+Subject:
+  species: Rattus norvegicus

src/constantinople_lab_to_nwb/schierek_embargo_2024/schierek_embargo_2024_convert_session.py

@@ -4,14 +4,62 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Union, Optional
 
+import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
 from dateutil import tz
 from neuroconv.datainterfaces import OpenEphysRecordingInterface
 from neuroconv.utils import load_dict_from_file, dict_deep_update
+from nwbinspector import inspect_nwbfile, save_report, format_messages
+from pymatreader import read_mat
 from spikeinterface.extractors import OpenEphysBinaryRecordingExtractor
 
+from constantinople_lab_to_nwb.utils import get_subject_metadata_from_rat_info_folder
 from constantinople_lab_to_nwb.schierek_embargo_2024 import SchierekEmbargo2024NWBConverter
 
 
+def update_ephys_device_metadata_for_subject(
+    epys_registry_file_path: Union[str, Path],
+    subject_id: str,
+    metadata: dict,
+):
+    if not os.path.exists(epys_registry_file_path):
+        raise FileNotFoundError(f"File not found: {epys_registry_file_path}")
+
+    ephys_registry = read_mat(epys_registry_file_path)
+    if "Registry" not in ephys_registry:
+        raise ValueError(f"'Registry' key not found in {epys_registry_file_path}.")
+    ephys_registry = pd.DataFrame(ephys_registry["Registry"])
+    if "ratname" not in ephys_registry.columns:
+        raise ValueError(f"'ratname' column not found in {epys_registry_file_path}.")
+    filtered_ephys_registry = ephys_registry[ephys_registry["ratname"] == subject_id]
+
+    if not filtered_ephys_registry.empty:
+        ap_value = filtered_ephys_registry["AP"].values[0]
+        ml_value = filtered_ephys_registry["ML"].values[0]
+        dv_value = filtered_ephys_registry["DV"].values[0]
+
+        coordinates_in_mm = f"AP: {ap_value} mm, ML: {ml_value} mm"
+        if not np.isnan(dv_value):
+            coordinates_in_mm += f", DV: {dv_value}."
+
+        recording_hemisphere = filtered_ephys_registry["recordinghemisphere"].values[0]
+        recording_hemisphere = dict(L="left", R="right").get(recording_hemisphere, recording_hemisphere)
+        probe_type = filtered_ephys_registry["probetype"].values[0]
+
+        brain_region = filtered_ephys_registry["recordingsite"].values[0]
+        description = f"The {probe_type} probe implanted in {brain_region} brain region, at {coordinates_in_mm}, {recording_hemisphere} hemisphere."
+        if "distance2LO" in filtered_ephys_registry.columns:
+            distance_to_LO_um = filtered_ephys_registry["distance2LO"].values[0]
+            # TODO: confirm unit
+            description += f" Distance to LO: {distance_to_LO_um} μm."
+
+        metadata["Ecephys"]["Device"][0].update(
+            description=description,
+        )
+
+    return metadata
+
+
 def session_to_nwb(
     openephys_recording_folder_path: Union[str, Path],
     spike_sorting_folder_path: Union[str, Path],
@@ -20,6 +68,8 @@ def session_to_nwb(
     nwbfile_path: Union[str, Path],
     column_name_mapping: Optional[dict] = None,
     column_descriptions: Optional[dict] = None,
+    ephys_registry_file_path: Optional[Union[str, Path]] = None,
+    subject_metadata: Optional[dict] = None,
     stub_test: bool = False,
     overwrite: bool = False,
 ):
@@ -36,6 +86,10 @@ def session_to_nwb(
         The path to the processed spike sorting file (.mat).
     nwbfile_path : str or Path
         The path to the NWB file to write.
+    ephys_registry_file_path: str or Path
+        The path to the ephys registry (.mat) file.
+    subject_metadata: dict, optional
+        Additional subject metadata. e.g. dict(
     stub_test : bool, default: False
         Whether to run a stub test conversion.
     overwrite : bool, default: False
@@ -66,7 +120,14 @@ def session_to_nwb(
 
     # Add Sorting
     source_data.update(dict(PhySorting=dict(folder_path=spike_sorting_folder_path)))
-    conversion_options.update(dict(PhySorting=dict(stub_test=False)))
+    conversion_options.update(
+        dict(
+            PhySorting=dict(
+                stub_test=False,
+                units_description="Units table with spike times from Kilosort 2.5 and manually curated using Phy.",
+            )
+        )
+    )
 
     # Add processed sorting output
     if processed_spike_sorting_file_path is not None:
@@ -85,7 +146,13 @@ def session_to_nwb(
                 ),
             )
         )
-        conversion_options.update(dict(ProcessedSorting=dict(write_as="processing", stub_test=False)))
+        conversion_options.update(
+            dict(
+                ProcessedSorting=dict(
+                    write_as="processing", stub_test=False, units_description="The curated single-units from Phy."
+                ),
+            ),
+        )
         conversion_options.update(
             dict(
                 ProcessedBehavior=dict(column_name_mapping=column_name_mapping, column_descriptions=column_descriptions)
@@ -136,7 +203,7 @@ def session_to_nwb(
     )
 
     # Update default metadata with the editable in the corresponding yaml file
-    editable_metadata_path = Path(__file__).parent / "schierek_embargo_2024_metadata.yaml"
+    editable_metadata_path = Path(__file__).parent / "metadata" / "schierek_embargo_2024_general_metadata.yaml"
     editable_metadata = load_dict_from_file(editable_metadata_path)
     metadata = dict_deep_update(metadata, editable_metadata)
 
@@ -145,7 +212,20 @@ def session_to_nwb(
     behavior_metadata = load_dict_from_file(behavior_metadata_path)
     metadata = dict_deep_update(metadata, behavior_metadata)
 
-    metadata["Subject"].update(subject_id=subject_id)
+    # Update ecephys metadata
+    ephys_metadata_path = Path(__file__).parent / "metadata" / "schierek_embargo_2024_ecephys_metadata.yaml"
+    ephys_metadata = load_dict_from_file(ephys_metadata_path)
+    metadata = dict_deep_update(metadata, ephys_metadata)
+
+    if ephys_registry_file_path is not None:
+        metadata = update_ephys_device_metadata_for_subject(
+            epys_registry_file_path=ephys_registry_file_path,
+            subject_id=subject_id,
+            metadata=metadata,
+        )
+
+    if subject_metadata is not None:
+        metadata["Subject"].update(subject_id=subject_id, **subject_metadata)
 
     # Run conversion
     converter.run_conversion(
@@ -155,6 +235,17 @@ def session_to_nwb(
         overwrite=overwrite,
     )
 
+    results = list(inspect_nwbfile(nwbfile_path=nwbfile_path))
+    report_path = Path(nwbfile_path).parent / f"{subject_id}-{session_id}_nwbinspector_result.txt"
+    if not report_path.exists():
+        save_report(
+            report_file_path=report_path,
+            formatted_messages=format_messages(
+                results,
+                levels=["importance", "file_path"],
+            ),
+        )
+
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
 
@@ -225,20 +316,33 @@ def session_to_nwb(
         wait_thresh="The threshold in seconds to remove wait-times (mean + 1*std of all cumulative wait-times).",
     )
 
-    nwbfile_path = Path("/Volumes/T9/Constantinople/nwbfiles/J076_2023-12-12_14-52-04.nwb")
+    nwbfile_path = Path("/Users/weian/data/demo/J076_2023-12-12_14-52-04.nwb")
     if not nwbfile_path.parent.exists():
         os.makedirs(nwbfile_path.parent, exist_ok=True)
 
+    # Ephys registry file path (constains metadata for the neuropixels probe)
+    ephys_registry_file_path = "/Volumes/T9/Constantinople/Ephys Data/Ephys_registry.mat"
+
     stub_test = True
     overwrite = True
 
+    # Get subject metadata from rat registry
+    rat_registry_folder_path = "/Volumes/T9/Constantinople/Rat_info"
+    subject_metadata = get_subject_metadata_from_rat_info_folder(
+        folder_path=rat_registry_folder_path,
+        subject_id="J076",
+        date="2023-12-12",
+    )
+
     session_to_nwb(
         openephys_recording_folder_path=openephys_recording_folder_path,
         spike_sorting_folder_path=phy_sorting_folder_path,
         processed_spike_sorting_file_path=processed_sorting_file_path,
         raw_behavior_file_path=bpod_file_path,
         column_name_mapping=column_name_mapping,
         column_descriptions=column_descriptions,
+        ephys_registry_file_path=ephys_registry_file_path,
+        subject_metadata=subject_metadata,
         nwbfile_path=nwbfile_path,
         stub_test=stub_test,
         overwrite=overwrite,

src/constantinople_lab_to_nwb/utils/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from .get_subject_metadata import get_subject_metadata_from_rat_info_folder