feat: optimize image size with multi-staged dockerfile

Dockerfile

@@ -1,19 +1,27 @@
 # Development Docker file
-FROM node:18-alpine
+
+# Stage 1: Dependency fetching step
+FROM node:18-alpine AS deps
 
 WORKDIR /async
 
-# Install development dependencies
+# Install dependencies
 COPY package.json package-lock.json ./
 RUN npm install
 
-# Copy the rest of the application files
+# Stage 2: Development environment
+FROM node:18-alpine AS dev
+
+WORKDIR /async
+
+# Copy only node_modules from dependency stage by avoiding temporary caches formed
+COPY --from=deps /async/node_modules ./node_modules
+
 COPY . .
 
-# Expose the port for development (if needed)
 EXPOSE 3000
 
-# Set environment variables for development (optional)
+# Set environment variables for development
 ENV NODE_ENV=development
 
 CMD ["npm", "run", "dev"]