feature/exception_middleware add exception middleware

[Rusich90]

fixes #1576, fixes #1617

Draft: Need create test and check linters

You can use ExceptionMiddleware like examples in issue

from pydantic import ValidationError

from faststream.broker.middlewares.exception import ExceptionMiddleware
from faststream.kafka import KafkaBroker

exception_middleware = ExceptionMiddleware()


@exception_middleware.add_handler(ZeroDivisionError)
async def handle_type_exception(exc: ZeroDivisionError): ...


@exception_middleware.add_handler(ValidationError)
async def handle_validation_error(exc: ValidationError): ...


broker = KafkaBroker("localhost:29092", middlewares=[exception_middleware])

or like this

from pydantic import ValidationError

from faststream.broker.middlewares.exception import ExceptionMiddleware
from faststream.kafka import KafkaBroker


async def handle_type_exception(exc: ZeroDivisionError): ...


async def handle_validation_error(exc: ValidationError): ...


exception_handlers = {
    ZeroDivisionError: handle_type_exception,
    ValidationError: handle_validation_error,
}

exception_middleware = ExceptionMiddleware(
    exception_handlers=exception_handlers
)

broker = KafkaBroker("localhost:29092", middlewares=[exception_middleware])

[Lancetnik]

Test is too large, can u split it for specific ones?

[sheldygg]

I made some improvements https://github.com/Rusich90/faststream_fork/pull/1

[Lancetnik]

@kumaranvpl can you, please, check the documentation and merge this one?

[kumaranvpl]

@kumaranvpl can you, please, check the documentation and merge this one?

Proofread the docs. Will merge it now.