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bs4 Libgrary, Input Files, and Files for basic and advanced Exercises
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.DS_Store | ||
python-review.code-workspace | ||
py4e_codes |
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print("Hello World!") |
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from collections import defaultdict | ||
import itertools | ||
import sys | ||
from bs4.element import ( | ||
CharsetMetaAttributeValue, | ||
ContentMetaAttributeValue, | ||
whitespace_re | ||
) | ||
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__all__ = [ | ||
'HTMLTreeBuilder', | ||
'SAXTreeBuilder', | ||
'TreeBuilder', | ||
'TreeBuilderRegistry', | ||
] | ||
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# Some useful features for a TreeBuilder to have. | ||
FAST = 'fast' | ||
PERMISSIVE = 'permissive' | ||
STRICT = 'strict' | ||
XML = 'xml' | ||
HTML = 'html' | ||
HTML_5 = 'html5' | ||
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class TreeBuilderRegistry(object): | ||
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def __init__(self): | ||
self.builders_for_feature = defaultdict(list) | ||
self.builders = [] | ||
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def register(self, treebuilder_class): | ||
"""Register a treebuilder based on its advertised features.""" | ||
for feature in treebuilder_class.features: | ||
self.builders_for_feature[feature].insert(0, treebuilder_class) | ||
self.builders.insert(0, treebuilder_class) | ||
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def lookup(self, *features): | ||
if len(self.builders) == 0: | ||
# There are no builders at all. | ||
return None | ||
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if len(features) == 0: | ||
# They didn't ask for any features. Give them the most | ||
# recently registered builder. | ||
return self.builders[0] | ||
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# Go down the list of features in order, and eliminate any builders | ||
# that don't match every feature. | ||
features = list(features) | ||
features.reverse() | ||
candidates = None | ||
candidate_set = None | ||
while len(features) > 0: | ||
feature = features.pop() | ||
we_have_the_feature = self.builders_for_feature.get(feature, []) | ||
if len(we_have_the_feature) > 0: | ||
if candidates is None: | ||
candidates = we_have_the_feature | ||
candidate_set = set(candidates) | ||
else: | ||
# Eliminate any candidates that don't have this feature. | ||
candidate_set = candidate_set.intersection( | ||
set(we_have_the_feature)) | ||
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# The only valid candidates are the ones in candidate_set. | ||
# Go through the original list of candidates and pick the first one | ||
# that's in candidate_set. | ||
if candidate_set is None: | ||
return None | ||
for candidate in candidates: | ||
if candidate in candidate_set: | ||
return candidate | ||
return None | ||
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# The BeautifulSoup class will take feature lists from developers and use them | ||
# to look up builders in this registry. | ||
builder_registry = TreeBuilderRegistry() | ||
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class TreeBuilder(object): | ||
"""Turn a document into a Beautiful Soup object tree.""" | ||
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NAME = "[Unknown tree builder]" | ||
ALTERNATE_NAMES = [] | ||
features = [] | ||
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is_xml = False | ||
picklable = False | ||
preserve_whitespace_tags = set() | ||
empty_element_tags = None # A tag will be considered an empty-element | ||
# tag when and only when it has no contents. | ||
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# A value for these tag/attribute combinations is a space- or | ||
# comma-separated list of CDATA, rather than a single CDATA. | ||
cdata_list_attributes = {} | ||
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def __init__(self): | ||
self.soup = None | ||
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def reset(self): | ||
pass | ||
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def can_be_empty_element(self, tag_name): | ||
"""Might a tag with this name be an empty-element tag? | ||
The final markup may or may not actually present this tag as | ||
self-closing. | ||
For instance: an HTMLBuilder does not consider a <p> tag to be | ||
an empty-element tag (it's not in | ||
HTMLBuilder.empty_element_tags). This means an empty <p> tag | ||
will be presented as "<p></p>", not "<p />". | ||
The default implementation has no opinion about which tags are | ||
empty-element tags, so a tag will be presented as an | ||
empty-element tag if and only if it has no contents. | ||
"<foo></foo>" will become "<foo />", and "<foo>bar</foo>" will | ||
be left alone. | ||
""" | ||
if self.empty_element_tags is None: | ||
return True | ||
return tag_name in self.empty_element_tags | ||
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def feed(self, markup): | ||
raise NotImplementedError() | ||
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def prepare_markup(self, markup, user_specified_encoding=None, | ||
document_declared_encoding=None): | ||
return markup, None, None, False | ||
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def test_fragment_to_document(self, fragment): | ||
"""Wrap an HTML fragment to make it look like a document. | ||
Different parsers do this differently. For instance, lxml | ||
introduces an empty <head> tag, and html5lib | ||
doesn't. Abstracting this away lets us write simple tests | ||
which run HTML fragments through the parser and compare the | ||
results against other HTML fragments. | ||
This method should not be used outside of tests. | ||
""" | ||
return fragment | ||
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def set_up_substitutions(self, tag): | ||
return False | ||
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def _replace_cdata_list_attribute_values(self, tag_name, attrs): | ||
"""Replaces class="foo bar" with class=["foo", "bar"] | ||
Modifies its input in place. | ||
""" | ||
if not attrs: | ||
return attrs | ||
if self.cdata_list_attributes: | ||
universal = self.cdata_list_attributes.get('*', []) | ||
tag_specific = self.cdata_list_attributes.get( | ||
tag_name.lower(), None) | ||
for attr in list(attrs.keys()): | ||
if attr in universal or (tag_specific and attr in tag_specific): | ||
# We have a "class"-type attribute whose string | ||
# value is a whitespace-separated list of | ||
# values. Split it into a list. | ||
value = attrs[attr] | ||
if isinstance(value, str): | ||
values = whitespace_re.split(value) | ||
else: | ||
# html5lib sometimes calls setAttributes twice | ||
# for the same tag when rearranging the parse | ||
# tree. On the second call the attribute value | ||
# here is already a list. If this happens, | ||
# leave the value alone rather than trying to | ||
# split it again. | ||
values = value | ||
attrs[attr] = values | ||
return attrs | ||
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class SAXTreeBuilder(TreeBuilder): | ||
"""A Beautiful Soup treebuilder that listens for SAX events.""" | ||
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def feed(self, markup): | ||
raise NotImplementedError() | ||
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def close(self): | ||
pass | ||
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def startElement(self, name, attrs): | ||
attrs = dict((key[1], value) for key, value in list(attrs.items())) | ||
#print "Start %s, %r" % (name, attrs) | ||
self.soup.handle_starttag(name, attrs) | ||
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def endElement(self, name): | ||
#print "End %s" % name | ||
self.soup.handle_endtag(name) | ||
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def startElementNS(self, nsTuple, nodeName, attrs): | ||
# Throw away (ns, nodeName) for now. | ||
self.startElement(nodeName, attrs) | ||
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def endElementNS(self, nsTuple, nodeName): | ||
# Throw away (ns, nodeName) for now. | ||
self.endElement(nodeName) | ||
#handler.endElementNS((ns, node.nodeName), node.nodeName) | ||
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def startPrefixMapping(self, prefix, nodeValue): | ||
# Ignore the prefix for now. | ||
pass | ||
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def endPrefixMapping(self, prefix): | ||
# Ignore the prefix for now. | ||
# handler.endPrefixMapping(prefix) | ||
pass | ||
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def characters(self, content): | ||
self.soup.handle_data(content) | ||
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def startDocument(self): | ||
pass | ||
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def endDocument(self): | ||
pass | ||
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class HTMLTreeBuilder(TreeBuilder): | ||
"""This TreeBuilder knows facts about HTML. | ||
Such as which tags are empty-element tags. | ||
""" | ||
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preserve_whitespace_tags = set(['pre', 'textarea']) | ||
empty_element_tags = set(['br' , 'hr', 'input', 'img', 'meta', | ||
'spacer', 'link', 'frame', 'base']) | ||
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# The HTML standard defines these attributes as containing a | ||
# space-separated list of values, not a single value. That is, | ||
# class="foo bar" means that the 'class' attribute has two values, | ||
# 'foo' and 'bar', not the single value 'foo bar'. When we | ||
# encounter one of these attributes, we will parse its value into | ||
# a list of values if possible. Upon output, the list will be | ||
# converted back into a string. | ||
cdata_list_attributes = { | ||
"*" : ['class', 'accesskey', 'dropzone'], | ||
"a" : ['rel', 'rev'], | ||
"link" : ['rel', 'rev'], | ||
"td" : ["headers"], | ||
"th" : ["headers"], | ||
"td" : ["headers"], | ||
"form" : ["accept-charset"], | ||
"object" : ["archive"], | ||
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# These are HTML5 specific, as are *.accesskey and *.dropzone above. | ||
"area" : ["rel"], | ||
"icon" : ["sizes"], | ||
"iframe" : ["sandbox"], | ||
"output" : ["for"], | ||
} | ||
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def set_up_substitutions(self, tag): | ||
# We are only interested in <meta> tags | ||
if tag.name != 'meta': | ||
return False | ||
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http_equiv = tag.get('http-equiv') | ||
content = tag.get('content') | ||
charset = tag.get('charset') | ||
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# We are interested in <meta> tags that say what encoding the | ||
# document was originally in. This means HTML 5-style <meta> | ||
# tags that provide the "charset" attribute. It also means | ||
# HTML 4-style <meta> tags that provide the "content" | ||
# attribute and have "http-equiv" set to "content-type". | ||
# | ||
# In both cases we will replace the value of the appropriate | ||
# attribute with a standin object that can take on any | ||
# encoding. | ||
meta_encoding = None | ||
if charset is not None: | ||
# HTML 5 style: | ||
# <meta charset="utf8"> | ||
meta_encoding = charset | ||
tag['charset'] = CharsetMetaAttributeValue(charset) | ||
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elif (content is not None and http_equiv is not None | ||
and http_equiv.lower() == 'content-type'): | ||
# HTML 4 style: | ||
# <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf8"> | ||
tag['content'] = ContentMetaAttributeValue(content) | ||
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return (meta_encoding is not None) | ||
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def register_treebuilders_from(module): | ||
"""Copy TreeBuilders from the given module into this module.""" | ||
# I'm fairly sure this is not the best way to do this. | ||
this_module = sys.modules['bs4.builder'] | ||
for name in module.__all__: | ||
obj = getattr(module, name) | ||
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if issubclass(obj, TreeBuilder): | ||
setattr(this_module, name, obj) | ||
this_module.__all__.append(name) | ||
# Register the builder while we're at it. | ||
this_module.builder_registry.register(obj) | ||
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class ParserRejectedMarkup(Exception): | ||
pass | ||
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# Builders are registered in reverse order of priority, so that custom | ||
# builder registrations will take precedence. In general, we want lxml | ||
# to take precedence over html5lib, because it's faster. And we only | ||
# want to use HTMLParser as a last result. | ||
from . import _htmlparser | ||
register_treebuilders_from(_htmlparser) | ||
try: | ||
from . import _html5lib | ||
register_treebuilders_from(_html5lib) | ||
except ImportError: | ||
# They don't have html5lib installed. | ||
pass | ||
try: | ||
from . import _lxml | ||
register_treebuilders_from(_lxml) | ||
except ImportError: | ||
# They don't have lxml installed. | ||
pass |
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