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6 changes: 3 additions & 3 deletions README.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ This book will be an undergraduate textbook written in the univalent style, taki
- An element of a proposition can be called a *proof*.
- Identity types are denoted in general using the macro \eqto, which produces ⥱ (that is an arrow with an = on top). An element of an identity type is called an *identification*, and otherwise a *path*. We may say that it shows how to *identify* two elements.
If the type is a set, we may denote its identity types by a = b and call them *equations*. When a = b has an element we say that a and b are *equal*.
- Types similar to identity types, like the type of eqivalences from A to B, are also denoted with a macro ending in "to", like \equivto, producing ⥲ (that is an arrow with an equivalence sign on top).
- Types similar to identity types, like the type of equivalences from A to B, are also denoted with a macro ending in "to", like \equivto, producing ⥲ (that is an arrow with an equivalence sign on top).
- The type containing the variable in a family is called the "parameter type", not the "index type", nor the "base type".
- Being equal by definiton is denoted with three lines and is called just that, and not *definitionally equal* or *judgmentally equal*.
- Being equal by definition is denoted with three lines and is called just that, and not *definitionally equal* or *judgmentally equal*.
- A synonym of "function" is "map". We don't use "mapping" or "application" as synonyms.
- In the preliminary chapters (up to subgroups), the underlying set map U from groups to sets has to be applied explicitly. Thereafter, it can be a coercion.
- Composition of p: a⥱b and q: b⥱c is denoted by either p∗q (p\ct q), or by q·p (q\cdot p), qp or q∘p (q\circ p). The latter is preferred when p and q come from equivalences.
Expand All @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ This book will be an undergraduate textbook written in the univalent style, taki
10 Κ κ, 11 Λ λ, 12 Μ μ, 13 Ν ν, 14 Ξ ξ, 15 Ο ο, 16 Π π, 17 Ρ ρ, 18 Σ σ, 19 Τ τ,
20 Υ υ, 21 Φ φ, 22 Χ χ, 23 Ψ ψ, and 24 Ω ω;
```
+ for identifiers in the Roman alphabet use the name (e.g., for $\Ker$ use (Ker) or (ker);
+ for identifiers in the Roman alphabet use the name (e.g., for $\Ker$ use (Ker) or (ker));
- Given a: A, we refer to elements of a ⥱ a as either symmetries *of* a, or symmetries *in* A.

## Current draft of the book
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions circle.tex
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ \section{\Coverings}
the other interpretation ``all the preimages are connected''
would simply give us an equivalence (since connected sets are contractible),
and this is \emph{not} what is intended. (Equivalences are \coverings,
but not necessarily connected \coverings and connected \coverings are not neccesarily equivalences.)
but not necessarily connected \coverings and connected \coverings are not necessarily equivalences.)

Likewise for the other qualifications; for instance, in a ``finite \covering'' $f:A\to B$,
all fibers are finite sets, but
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -3344,7 +3344,7 @@ \section{Universal property of $\Cyc_n$}
$\hat p_x(\blank\sigma_n) = \hat p_x(\blank) \sigma$. By setting $p \jdeq \hat
p_{\pt_n}(\refl {\pt_n})$, we would have succeeded. Indeed, path induction on
$\alpha: x \eqto x'$ shows that $\hat p_{x'}(\alpha \blank) = \ap f (\alpha) \hat
p_x(\blank)$ on one hand, and the hyptohesis on $\hat p$ proves that $\hat
p_x(\blank)$ on one hand, and the hypothesis on $\hat p$ proves that $\hat
p_{\pt_n} (\blank) \sigma = \hat p_{\pt_n}(\blank \sigma_n)$ on the other
hand. This leads to the chain of equations:
\begin{align*}
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions fingp.tex
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ \section{Brief overview of the chapter}
\label{sec:fingp-overview}
We start by giving the above-mentioned counting version \cref{lem:Lagrangeascounting} of Lagrange's theorem \cref{thm:lagrange}.
We then moves on to prove Cauchy's \cref{thm:cauchys} stating that any finite group whose cardinality is divisible by a prime $p$ has a cyclic subgroup of cardinality $p$.
Cauchchy's theorem has many applications, and we use it already in \cref{sec:sylow} in the proof of Sylow's Theorems which give detailed information about the subgroups of a given finite group $G$. Sylow's theorems is basically a study of the $G$-set of subgroups of $G$ from a counting perspective.
Cauchy's theorem has many applications, and we use it already in \cref{sec:sylow} in the proof of Sylow's Theorems which give detailed information about the subgroups of a given finite group $G$. Sylow's theorems is basically a study of the $G$-set of subgroups of $G$ from a counting perspective.
In particular, if $p^n$ divides the cardinality of $G$, but $p^{n+1}$ does not, then Sylow's Third \cref{thm:sylow3} gives valuable information about the cardinality of the $G$-set of subgroups of $G$ of cardinality $p^n$.


Expand Down Expand Up @@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ \section{Cauchy's theorem}
% $$A(S,j)\defequi ((S,j)=(S,j)\to \USym G).$$ Since we have an equivalence $j^?:\bn p\to ((S,j)=(S,j))$ we get that $J:A(S,j)\to \prod_{\bn p}\USym G$ given by $J(g)=(g_{j^0},g_{j_1},\dots,g_{j^{p-1}})$ is an equivalence.
Given a set $A$, a function $a : \bn p \to A$ is an ordered $p$-tuple of elements of $A$: it suffices to write $a_i$ for $a(i)$ to retrieve the
usual notations for tuples. Given $(S,j) : \B\CG_p$ however, functions $S \to A$ cannot really be thought the same because $S$ is not
explicitely enumerated. But as soon as we are given $q : \zet/p \eqto (S,j)$, then functions $S \to A$ are just as good to model ordered
explicitly enumerated. But as soon as we are given $q : \zet/p \eqto (S,j)$, then functions $S \to A$ are just as good to model ordered
$p$-tuples of $A$ (just by precomposing with the first projection of $q$). With this in mind, define $\mu_p : (\bn p \to \USym G) \to \USym G$
to be the $p$-ary multiplication, meaning $\mu_p (g) \defequi g_0g_1\ldots g_{p-1}$. Then, one can define
$\mu:\prod_{(S,j):\B\CG_p}(\zet/p \eqto (S,j)) \to (S\to\USym G)\to \USym G$ by $\mu_{(S,j)}(q)(g)\defequi (gq)_{0}\cdot\dots\cdot (gq)_{p-1}$
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12 changes: 6 additions & 6 deletions galois.tex
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -4,15 +4,15 @@ \chapter{Galois theory}%
%% VERY PRELIMINARY
The goal of Galois theory is to study how the roots of a given polynomial can
be distinguished from one another. Take for example $X^2+1$ as a polynomial
with real coefficients. It has two distincts roots in $\mathbb C$, namely $i$
with real coefficients. It has two distinct roots in $\mathbb C$, namely $i$
and $-i$. However, an observer, who is limited to the realm of $\mathbb R$,
can not distinguish between the two. Morally speaking, from the point of view
of this observer, the two roots $i$ and $-i$ are pretty much the same. Formally
speaking, for any polynomial $Q: \mathbb R[X,Y]$, the equation $Q(i,-i) = 0$ is
satisfied if and only if $Q(-i,i) = 0$ also. This property is easily understood
by noticing that there is a automorphism of fields $\sigma: \mathbb C \to
\mathbb C$ such that $\sigma(i) = -i$ and $\sigma(-i) = i$ which also fixes
$\mathbb R$. The goal of this chapter is to provide the rigourous framework in
$\mathbb R$. The goal of this chapter is to provide the rigorous framework in
which this statement holds.
{\color{red} TODO: complete/rewrite the introduction}

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ \section{Covering spaces and field extensions}
equivalence. However, the converse is false, as shown by the non-algebraic
extension $\mathbb Q \hookrightarrow \mathbb R$. We will prove that every
$\mathbb Q$-endomorphism of $\mathbb R$ is the identity function. Indeed, any
$\mathbb Q$-endormorphism $\varphi : \mathbb R \to \mathbb R$ is linear and
$\mathbb Q$-endomorphism $\varphi : \mathbb R \to \mathbb R$ is linear and
sends squares to squares, hence is non-decreasing. Let us now take an irrational
number $\alpha:\mathbb R$. For any rational $p,q:\mathbb Q$ such that $p <
\alpha < q$, then $p = \varphi(p) < \varphi(\alpha) < \varphi(q) = q$. Hence
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ \section{Intermediate extensions and subgroups}
characterize those extensions $i':k \to L$ for which all subgroups of
$\Gal(L,i')$ arise in this way.

Given any extension $i:k \to L$, there is an obivous $\Gal(L,i)$-set $X$ given by
Given any extension $i:k \to L$, there is an obvious $\Gal(L,i)$-set $X$ given by
\begin{displaymath}
(L',i') \mapsto L'.
\end{displaymath}
Expand All @@ -181,15 +181,15 @@ \section{Intermediate extensions and subgroups}
K \defequi (Xg)^{\mkgroup B} \jdeq \prod_{x:B}X(g(x))
\end{displaymath}
It is a set, which can be equipped with a field structure, defined pointwise.
Morevover, if one denotes $b$ for the distinguished point of $B$, and $(L'',j'')$ for $g(b)$, then, because $g$ is pointed, one has a path $p:L=L''$ such that $pi'=j''$. There are
Moreover, if one denotes $b$ for the distinguished point of $B$, and $(L'',j'')$ for $g(b)$, then, because $g$ is pointed, one has a path $p:L=L''$ such that $pi'=j''$. There are
fields extensions $i':k \to K$ and $j':K \to L$ given by:
\begin{displaymath}
i'(a) \defequi x\mapsto \snd(g(x))(a),\quad
j'(f) \defequi \inv p f(b)
\end{displaymath}
In particular, for all $a:k$, $j'i'(a) = \inv p \snd(g(b))(a) = \inv p j''(a) = i'(a)$.

Galois theory is interested in the settings when these two contructions are inverse from each other.
Galois theory is interested in the settings when these two constructions are inverse from each other.

\section{separable/normal/etc.}
\label{sec:cover-spac-fields-1}
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion geometry.tex
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ \section{Geometric objects}
\begin{definition}
Given an type $I$ and a family of geometric objects $T_i$ parametrized
by the elements of $I$, an {\em arrangement} of the objects is a
configuration, also parametrized by the elements of $I$, whose $i$-th consituent is merely equal to
configuration, also parametrized by the elements of $I$, whose $i$-th constituent is merely equal to
$T_i$.
\end{definition}

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6 changes: 3 additions & 3 deletions group.tex
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -2826,7 +2826,7 @@ \subsection{Center of a group}
There is a natural map
$\ev_{\shape_G} : (\BG_\div\eqto\BG_\div) \to \BG_\div$ defined by
$\ev_{\shape_G}(\varphi)\defequi \varphi(\shape_G)$, where the path
$\varphi$ is coerced to a funciton through univalence. In particular,
$\varphi$ is coerced to a function through univalence. In particular,
$\ev_{\shape_G}(\refl{\BG_\div}) \jdeq \shape_G$. It makes the
restriction of this map to the connected component of
$\refl{\BG_\div}$ a pointed map. In other words, it defines a group
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -3067,7 +3067,7 @@ \subsection{Universal cover and simple connectedness}
$\trp[\setTrunc{a\eqto\blank}]p$ is equal to the function
$\alpha\mapsto \settrunc{p}\cdot \alpha$. In particular, there exists an
equivalence from the type of path between two points $(x,\alpha)$ and
$(y,\beta)$ of the universal cover $\univcover A a$ to sum type, analagous to
$(y,\beta)$ of the universal cover $\univcover A a$ to sum type, analogous to
the identification of paths in sum types:
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:id-types-universal-cover}%
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -3117,7 +3117,7 @@ \subsection{Universal cover and simple connectedness}
determined by $\varphi_x \circ \settrunc\blank : a \eqto x \to \inv f (x)$. By induction on $p : a \eqto x$, we prove that
$\varphi_x (\settrunc p) = \trp [\inv f] p (b , f_0) $ where $b$ is the element pointing $B$ and $f_0$ the path pointing $f$. Indeed, for
$p \jdeq \refl a$, we get $\varphi_a (\settrunc {\refl a}) \jdeq (\varphi (\settrunc {\refl a}) , q_{\settrunc {\refl a}}) = (b , f_0)$
because $q$ is an indentification $\fst \eqto f \varphi$ of pointed functions.
because $q$ is an identification $\fst \eqto f \varphi$ of pointed functions.
\end{proof}

\subsection{Abelian groups and simply connected $2$-types}
Expand Down