Use pre-built Docker image

It seems that GitHub Actions can't checkout submodules during building
the containerized action.

So, let's build image first using GitHub Actions, publish it, and then
use it for action execution.

Related: <https://github.com/orgs/community/discussions/50895>

.github/workflows/build-and-deploy.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+---
+name: Build and deploy images
+on:
+  schedule:
+    # rebuild every 16th day of the month at 15:24 UTC
+    - cron: '24 15 16 * *'
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - feature/**
+      - bugfix/**
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - '*'
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  packages: write
+  actions: read
+
+jobs:
+  build-image:
+    name: Build image
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      image: ghcr.io/seravo/phpcs
+    steps:
+      - id: refname
+        name: Convert git refname to valid Docker tag
+        run: echo "refname=$(echo "${{ github.ref_name }}" |sed 's/\//-/g')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+      - id: clone-repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        name: Clone git repository
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+
+      - id: docker-login
+        uses: Seravo/actions/[email protected]
+        name: Login to ghcr.io
+
+      # To speed up builds, try to use previously built image as cache source.
+      # However, skip this if we're running weekly scheduled build to ensure
+      # that we get latest APT versions at least once a week
+      - if: ${{ github.event_name != 'schedule' }}
+        name: Pull previously built image
+        id: docker-pull
+        uses: Seravo/actions/[email protected]
+        with:
+          image: "${{ env.image }}"
+
+      - id: docker-build
+        uses: Seravo/actions/[email protected]
+        name: Build image
+        with:
+          image: "${{ env.image }}"
+
+      - if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        name: Push new image to production
+        id: docker-push-master
+        uses: Seravo/actions/[email protected]
+        with:
+          image: "${{ env.image }}"
+
+      - id: docker-tag-push-commit
+        name: Tag image with commit id
+        uses: Seravo/actions/[email protected]
+        with:
+          source: "${{ env.image }}"
+          target: "${{ env.image }}:${{ github.sha }}"
+
+      - id: docker-tag-push-refname
+        name: Tag image with refname
+        uses: Seravo/actions/[email protected]
+        with:
+          source: "${{ env.image }}"
+          target: "${{ env.image }}:${{ steps.refname.outputs.refname }}"

action.yml

@@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ inputs:
 
 runs:
   using: "docker"
-  image: "Dockerfile"
+  image: "docker://ghcr.io/seravo/phpcs:latest"
   args:
     - --standard=${{ inputs.rules }}