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_posts/2024-07-01-chinese-nomenclature-in-the-solar-system.md
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--- | ||
layout: distill | ||
title: Chinese Nomenclature in the Solar System / 太阳系天体的中文命名及术语 | ||
date: 2024-07-01 | ||
description: suggested chinese names for solar system bodies | ||
datatable: false | ||
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authors: | ||
- name: Yukun Huang | ||
url: "https://yukunhuang.com" | ||
affiliations: | ||
name: CfCA, NAOJ | ||
toc: | ||
- name: Why Do We Need This? | ||
- name: Inner Solar System | ||
- name: TransNeptunian Space | ||
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--- | ||
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## Why Do We Need This? | ||
Many Chinese astronomers and planetary scientists are actively studying small bodies in the Solar System. However, the lack of well-accepted translations for many named objects (by the (IAU)[https://www.iau.org/public/themes/naming/]) makes communication and publicizing their work in China challenging. To address this, I have decided to compile a list of Chinese names and nomenclature for Solar System bodies. For translations found in the [Glossary of Astronomical Terms (天文学名词)](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/), I will provide references (e.g., [冥王星](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=3367)). For celestial bodies that have not yet been translated, I will either list their well-accepted names or provide my own translations in double quotation marks (e.g., "振荡天星"). | ||
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越来越多的华人天文学家和行星科学家正在从事太阳系内小天体的研究工作。不过,许多已被国际天文学联合会(IAU)命名的天体缺乏公认的中文翻译,这使得华人天文学者彼此之间的交流以及向公众宣传他们的工作变得困难。因此,我决定编此列表,以收录太阳系内天体的中文译名。对于在[天文学名词](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/)中收录翻译,我会提供它们的出处(例如,[冥王星](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=3367))。对于尚未翻译的天体,我将列出其大众所熟知的名称,或者提供我自己的翻译,并用双引号标出(例如,“振荡天星”)。 | ||
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## Inner Solar System 内太阳系 | ||
* **[Zoozve (2002 VE<sub>68</sub>)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/524522_Zoozve) - "准金卫星"** | ||
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Zoozve 来源于 Latif Nasser 对于小行星临时编号“2002VE”的[误读](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/524522_Zoozve#Numbering_and_naming)。该小行星是金星的一颗“拟卫星”或“准卫星”,故提议译为“准金卫星”,其中“准”与 Zoo,“卫”与 ve 的发音类似。 | ||
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* **[ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim (2020 AV<sub>2</sub>)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/594913_%EA%9E%8CAyl%C3%B3%EA%9E%8Cchaxnim)** | ||
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* **[Kamoʻoalewa (2016 HO<sub>3</sub>)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/469219_Kamo%CA%BBoalewa) - "振荡天星"** | ||
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Kamoʻoalewa 是地球的拟卫星,其名称来源于夏威夷语“振荡的天星”,故得此名。使用此名的相关[新闻报道](https://tv.cctv.com/2024/06/22/VIDEzhacDk64VjiYxmDoipVB240622.shtml)。 | ||
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* **[Itokawa (1998 SF<sub>36</sub>)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25143_Itokawa) - [丝川/糸川](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=20069)** | ||
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JAXA 隼鸟一号任务的目标小行星,其名称来源于纪念日本火箭专家糸川英夫。 | ||
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* **[Ryugu (1999 JU<sub>3</sub>)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/162173_Ryugu) - [龙宫](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=23941)** | ||
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JAXA 隼鸟二号任务的目标小行星,其名称来源于日本民间传说中海龙王的住所。 | ||
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* **[Bennu (1999 RQ<sub>36</sub>)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/101955_Bennu) - [贝努](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=26090)** | ||
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NASA OSIRIS-REx 任务的目标小行星,其名称来源于埃及神话的不死鸟。 | ||
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* **[Apophis (2004 MN<sub>4</sub>)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/99942_Apophis) - [毁神星](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=273)** | ||
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将会在 2029 年 4 月 13 日近距离飞越地球的小行星。在发现之初曾被认为有概率撞上地球而得此名。 | ||
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* **[Kaʻepaokaʻāwela (2015 BZ<sub>509</sub>)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/514107_Ka%CA%BBepaoka%CA%BBawela) - "逆木星"** | ||
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Kaʻepaokaʻāwela 是木星的逆行共轨小行星,其名称来源于夏威夷语“淘气的木星逆行伙伴”,故提议译为“逆木星”。 | ||
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<!-- ## Inner Solar System 内太阳系 --> | ||
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## TransNeptunian Space 海外空间 | ||
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### Nomenclature 术语 | ||
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* **TransNeptunian Object (TNO) - [海外天体](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=18889)** | ||
* **Kuiper Belt - [柯伊伯带](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=2380)** | ||
* **Classical Kuiper Belt Object - [经典柯伊伯带天体](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=19930)** | ||
* **Plutino - [冥族天体](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=15039)** | ||
* **Sednoid - [类赛德娜天体](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=22670)/“赛族天体”** | ||
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### Names 命名 | ||
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* **Pluto - [冥王星](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=3367)** | ||
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罗马神话中的冥王。 | ||
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* **[Haumea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haumea) - [妊神星](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=1767)** | ||
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夏威夷神话中的生育之神。 | ||
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* **[Eris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)) - [阋(xì)神星](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=1217)** | ||
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希腊神话中的不和女神。 | ||
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* **[Makemake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makemake) - [鸟神星](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=2711)** | ||
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复活节岛拉帕努伊族原住民神话中的人类创造者与生殖之神。 | ||
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* **[Orcus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orcus_(dwarf_planet)) - [亡神星](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=3194)** | ||
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古罗马伊特鲁里亚神话的亡者之神。 | ||
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* **[Quaoar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaoar) - “创神星”/[夸奥尔](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=3459)** | ||
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南加州的美洲原住民通格瓦部族的创世之神。 | ||
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* **[Gonggong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonggong_(dwarf_planet)) - [共工](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=24082)** | ||
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中国神话中的水神。 | ||
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* **[Sedna](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedna_(dwarf_planet)) - [赛德娜](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=3765)** | ||
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因努伊特神話中的海洋女神。 | ||
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* **[Leleākūhonua](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/541132_Lele%C4%81k%C5%ABhonua) - "徙神星"** | ||
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第三颗发现的类赛德娜天体,其名称来源于夏威夷语“飞到陆地出现”。此命名来源于参加 A Hua He Inoa 夏威夷语言项目的学生。这颗天体的轨道让学生们想到了从阿拉斯加迁徙到夏威夷的金斑鸻(Pacific Golden Plover)。根据 IAU 的描述,这个名字将轨道比作候鸟的的迁徙轨迹,描述了对接近陆地的渴望。考虑到此名称较难音译,且其他海外天体的译名大多遵从“X神星”的格式,提议将此天体译为“徙神星”。 | ||
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## Interstellar Objects 星际天体 | ||
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* **[ʻOumuamua](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BBOumuamua) - [奥陌陌](https://nadc.china-vo.org/astrodict/termdetails?id=23834)** | ||
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第一颗发现的星际天体,其名称来源于夏威夷语“信使”。 |