ARKit, released by Apple, is an amazing foundation for building AR apps. AugmentKit is built on top of ARKit and provides additional tools for app developers building augmented reality apps. AugmentKit uses the Metal flavor or ARKit and provides it's own physically based render (PBR) engine which eliminates the dependancy on SceneKit and RealityKit for most AR apps and is tailored for rendering AR.
Along with being simple and light weight, AugmentKit provides more contextual awareness into ARKit. ARKit just deals with tracking the relative position of objects (anchors) in 3D space. But chances are that more sophisticated AR apps are want to integrate things like location awareness and compass direction so that two people running two instances of the app will be able to see and share the same objects, or somebody can 'save' and object in world space and come back to see it days later.
Apple's ARKit provides a number of ways to create and render augmented reality apps. You can use SpriteKit, an unattractive choice for most because SpriteKit is a 2D game and render engine and AR is fundamentally a 3D technology. RealityKit and SceneKit provide full 3D renderer and game engine. Alternatively there is Metal, the most powerful and flexible option, but it is also the most difficult to learn and use and requires builing your own 3D rendering engine.
Apple's SceneKit and RealityKit provide enough to reach the goals of most developers. AugmentKit seeks to be an open source alternalive to these libraries and makes different choices for modeling out a 3D augmented world. AugmentKit may also bee of interest to those interested in learning more about Metal. Written in Swift, and utilizing some of the more advanced concepts in Metal and 3D rendering, AugmentKit aims to be a reference for anybody interested in what a modern, production-ready render engine for Swift looks like. The long term goal is to continue to develop the render engine and break it off into a separate project that would hopefully be the first, production-ready, open-source PBR render engine based in Metal. This project will be called Mirage.
Begin by creating an AKWorld object and provide it with a configuation and an MTKView to render to.
let worldConfiguration = AKWorldConfiguration()
let world = AKWorld(renderDestination: view, configuration: worldConfiguration)Make sure the orientation of the device is set.
world.renderer.orientation = UIApplication.shared.statusBarOrientationInitialize the AR session and begin AR tracking
world.initialize()
world.begin()Now the AugmentKit world is up an running but there's not much to see yet. The fun comes from placing augmented reality objects in the world. The following code could be put in a tap gesture handler. For instance, here's how to add a new MDLAsset to the world at the devices current location.
let anchorModel = MDLAssetTools.asset(named: "retrotv.usdz", inBundle: Bundle.main)!
let currentWorldLocation = world.currentWorldLocation
let newObject = AugmentedObject(withModelAsset: anchorModel, at: currentWorldLocation)
world.add(anchor: newObject)Trackers are different from anchors in that they are not anchored to a fixed point in the world, they track the movement of another object. Here's an example of a tracker that follows at your feet and always points north. Your own personal compass.
if let asset = MDLAssetTools.assetFromImage(inBundle: Bundle.main, withName: "compass_512.png") {
// Position it 3 meters down from the camera
let offsetTransform = matrix_identity_float4x4.translate(x: 0, y: -3, z: 0)
let userTracker = UserTracker(withModelAsset: asset, withUserRelativeTransform: offsetTransform)
userTracker.position.heading = WorldHeading(withWorld: myWorld, worldHeadingType: .north(0))
world.add(tracker: userTracker)
}Targets are objects that appear at the intersection of a line (vector really) and something else like a plane that ARKit has detected. In this example, the vector points straight out from the device and wherever it intersects the first plane, a target is drawn. It also puts a pulsing effect on the gaze target so it appears like an interactive cursor.
if let asset = MDLAssetTools.assetFromImage(inBundle: Bundle.main, withName: "Gaze_Target.png", extension: "", scale: 0.2) {
let gazeTarget = GazeTarget(withModelAsset: asset, withUserRelativeTransform: matrix_identity_float4x4)
let alphaEffect = PulsingAlphaEffect(minValue: 0.2, maxValue: 1)
gazeTarget.effects = [AnyEffect(alphaEffect)]
world.add(gazeTarget: gazeTarget)
}Paths are line segments that are drawn between anchors. Here's an example that draws a path that loops around the circular spaceship building in Apple Park. This also demonstrates how anchors can be added with a fixed latitude and longitude instead of relative to your current position as in the previous example.
guard let location1 = world.worldLocation(withLatitude: 37.3335, longitude: -122.0106, elevation: currentWorldLocation.elevation) else {
return
}
guard let location2 = world.worldLocation(withLatitude: 37.3349, longitude: -122.0113, elevation: currentWorldLocation.elevation) else {
return
}
guard let location3 = world.worldLocation(withLatitude: 37.3362, longitude: -122.0106, elevation: currentWorldLocation.elevation) else {
return
}
guard let location4 = world.worldLocation(withLatitude: 37.3367, longitude: -122.0090, elevation: currentWorldLocation.elevation) else {
return
}
guard let location5 = world.worldLocation(withLatitude: 37.3365, longitude: -122.0079, elevation: currentWorldLocation.elevation) else {
return
}
guard let location6 = world.worldLocation(withLatitude: 37.3358, longitude: -122.0070, elevation: currentWorldLocation.elevation) else {
return
}
guard let location7 = world.worldLocation(withLatitude: 37.3348, longitude: -122.0067, elevation: currentWorldLocation.elevation) else {
return
}
guard let location8 = world.worldLocation(withLatitude: 37.3336, longitude: -122.0074, elevation: currentWorldLocation.elevation) else {
return
}
guard let location9 = world.worldLocation(withLatitude: 37.3330, longitude: -122.0090, elevation: currentWorldLocation.elevation) else {
return
}
let path = PathAnchor(withWorldLocaitons: [location1, location2, location3, location4, location5, location6, location7, location8, location9, location1], color: .red)
world.add(akPath: path)Any UIView can be rendered as a surface in the AR world. In this example, we will render a UITextView containing a paragraph of text. We will also use a special heading that makes sure the surface always faces you wherever you go
let textView = UITextView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 300, height: 500))
textView.font = UIFont(descriptor: .preferredFontDescriptor(withTextStyle: .body), size: 14)
textView.textColor = UIColor(red: 200/255, green: 109/255, blue: 215/255, alpha: 1)
textView.text = """
A way out west there was a fella,
fella I want to tell you about, fella
by the name of Jeff Lebowski. At
least, that was the handle his lovin'
parents gave him, but he never had
much use for it himself. This
Lebowski, he called himself the Dude.
Now, Dude, that's a name no one would
self-apply where I come from. But
then, there was a lot about the Dude
that didn't make a whole lot of sense
to me. And a lot about where he
lived, like- wise. But then again,
maybe that's why I found the place
s'durned innarestin'...
"""
textView.backgroundColor = .clear
let location = world.worldLocationWithDistanceFromMe(metersAbove: 0, metersInFront: 2)!
let heading = AlwaysFacingMeHeading(withWorldLocaiton: location)
let viewSurface = AugmentedUIViewSurface(withView: textView, at: location, heading: heading)
world.add(anchor: viewSurface)The AR world is a layer on top of the real world that you view through the window of the divice running AugmentKit. Everything in the real world exists in the AR world but not necessarily the opposite. In the real world we can specify a concrete location with latitude, longitude and elevation. In the AR world we specify location as distance in the x, y, and z direction from a origin. The origin is arbitrary and is decided when you start an AR session. One of the core responsibilitied of AugmentKit is to tie the arbitrary origin of the AR world to a concrete location in the real world thereby making the locations in the AR world concrete.
AugmentKit tracks objects in the real world as well as the AR world. The most simplest of these is surfaces. Real objects in AugmentKit can be manipulated to some degree, for instance you could turn a wall into a tv screen, but the geometry and positioning of real objects are not controled by AugmentKit. Augmented objects, on the other hand, only exist in the AR world and therefore can be fully manipulated by AugmentKit.
There are three basic types of objects in the ARWorld, Anchors, Tracker, and Targets. Any of them can be real or augmented. Anchors are objects that are fixed to a location. An anchor is like a place on a map and does not move. Trackers are objects with a relative location. The location is relative to another object or location. Trackers can move. One ware is by changing their relative location, for example a car moving down the street is a Tracker because it's position is relative to the AR World origin but it's position is changing as the car is moving. The other way Trackers can move is if their relative position is fixed but it's fixed to another moving Tracker, for example a bike mounted to the bike rack of the car. Targets are like Trackers in that they can move, but are slightly different. A Target is an object that is positioned at the intersection of a vector and another object, usually a real surface. The best way to think of Targets is like a the dot of a laser pointer. The laser pointer points in a arbitrary direction (the vector) and where the laser intersects with something else, like a screen. In this example the Target would be the dot of the laser pointer but in the AR World it doesn't have to be a dot, it could be any geometry.
The AKWorld manages the metal renderer, the ARKit engine, and the world state and is the primary way you interact with AugmentKit. When setting up the AKWorld, you provide a configuration object which determines things like weather Location Services are enabled and what the maximum render distance is. As well as being the primary way to add Anchors, Trackers, Targets and Paths, the AKWorld instance also provides state information like the current world locaiton and utility methods for determining the world location based on latitude and longitude. AKWorld also provides some dubuging tools like logging and being able to turn on visualizations of the surfaces and raw tracking points that ARKit is detecting.
AKWorldLocation is a protocol that ties together a position in the AR world with a locaiton in the real world. When the ARKit session starts up, it crates an arbitrary coordinate system where the origin is where the device was located at the time of initialization. Every device and every AR session, therefore, has it's own local coordinate system. In order to reason about how the coordinate system relates to actual locations in the real world, AugmentKit uses location services to map a point in the ARKit coordinate system to a latitude and longitude in the real world and stores this as a AKWorldLocation instance. Once a reliable AKWorldLocation is found, other AKWorldLocation objects can be derived by calculating their relative distance from the one reliable reference AKWorldLocation object.
The WorldLocation and GroundFixedWorldLocation are two concrete implementations of this protocol.
AugmentedObject is a general purpose Anchor class that can be rendered in the AKWorld. As the name implies, it is an augmented object so it does not exist in the real world and it is rendered at a fixed location.
UserTracker is a Tracker that is position relative to the users current location and therefore follows the user. This is a useful class for rendering objects that the user always sees such as UI controls or information.
GazeTarget is a special Target object where it's position is th users position and the direction vector is where the user (or device) is looking. In other words it tracks the users gaze. This is a convenient class for implementing a pointer control that can be used to interact with objects in the AR world. You could, for example, inplement a pointer so that when a user presses and holds while pointing to an object, the user can move and rearange the object.
A path in AugmentKit is a special type of augmented anchor. It is a anchor that contains a collection of anchors. Each sub-anchor is the termination of a line segment and the collection is a multi-segment path. By providing the locations of the segment end points, a PathAnchor creates a collection of anchors and renders the line as if playing conenct to dots.
AugmentedUIViewSurface is an augmented anchor with the geometry of a plane or surface. On to this surface is drawn the contents of ant UIView. In this way it can be thought of as a AR screen that you can build just like you build any screen in UIKit. An because AugmentKit does not have it's own text rendering engine, this is also the best way to render text in the AR world. Anything you can do in a UIView, you can render in the AR world. Animation is not supported yet but will be soon.
This project is in Beta having completed all of the base pre-release and alpha-release functionality. More can be done to improve jerky rendering by smoothing out the raw positioning that ARKit spits out. Surface culling (having AR objects apear to go behind objects that are in front of them) would be a huge win but this is relatively unexplored territory.
- Written in Swift 5, ARKit 3, and Metal
- A8 or higher iOS devices
- iOS 13.0 or higher
- Cameras require 60fps support
- Xcode 11 or higher to build
- Use ARKit and Metal for plane detection and anchor tracking. Load and render complex models from ModelIO to use as anchors
- Integrate with CoreLocation to provide the ability to tie a point (3D transform) in AR space to a point (latitude, longitude, elevation) in real world space.
- Ability to serialize, store, transmit, and load anchors (including 3D meshes) in world space.
- More primatives, including tracking anchors that follow users, and paths that can be used to draw line paths in 3D world space.
- Remove and Update methods for augmented objects
- Refinements to UIControls and interactions including exposing tap and other gestures, smoothing
- Mechanism for surfacing the state of the world and the renderer so it can be surfaced to the user
- Mechanism for surfacing errors
- Test and fix animation for models
- Test and fix a variety of models.
- Support per-instance models
- Test and fix animation for models
- Animated AugmentedUIViewSurface
- Offload many per-frame calculations to GPU Kernel function
- Improve render engine
- Add support for shadow maps
- Performance optimizations
- Image Based Lighting
- Improve jerky movements with smoothing
- Surface culling
- Use veritcal plane detection to achieve a spacial fingerprint of the local area.
- Ability to serialize, store, transmit and load spacial fingerprints and associate them to anchors in order to achieve another way in which the real world can be locked to the AR world.
The original goal of this project was to provide a general framework for building Augmented Reality apps. But Apple announced ARKit for iOS 11 which not only satisfies the original goal of this project, it will certainly do it better. So the projects goal changed. What's left of the original project is in the Pre-ARKit branch.
MIT