build(python): bump main project dependencies (#1728)

bumps main projection dependencies:
- `pydantic` from 1.9 to 2.8: huge breaking change but with large
   performance benefits expected on serialization
- `fastapi` from 0.73 to 0.110
- `uvicorn` from to 0.15 to 0.30
- `mypy` from 1.4 to 1.11

It also brings few changes inside dependencies
- Drop `requests` in favor of `httpx`
- Drop `fastapi-jwt-auth` as they do not and will not support pydantic
v2. We've decided to fork their code and adapt it as it's really light
(see new folder `/antarest/fastapi_jwt_auth`)

These changes also induced other minor dependencies bump: `jinja2`,
`typing_extensions`, `PyJWT`, `python-multipart`

Last, this work includes fixes on the API prefix addition when
running in standalone mode (desktop version). We now distinguish
properties root_path (used when behind a proxy) and api_prefix
(which actually makes our server add a prefix).

Co-authored-by: belthlemar <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Sylvain Leclerc <[email protected]>

antarest/study/storage/variantstudy/command_factory.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 
 import copy
 import typing as t
+import copy
 
 from antarest.core.model import JSON
 from antarest.matrixstore.service import ISimpleMatrixService