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Heroku buildpack: swift

This is a Heroku buildpack for Swift apps that are powered by the Swift Package Manager.

Usage

Example usage:

$ ls
Procfile Package.swift Sources

$ heroku create --buildpack vapor/vapor

$ git push heroku main
remote: -----> Swift app detected
remote: -----> Using Swift 6.0.2 (default)
remote: -----> Installing swiftenv
remote: -----> Installing Swift 6.0.2
...

You can also add it to upcoming builds of an existing application:

$ heroku buildpacks:set vapor/vapor

The buildpack will detect your app as Swift if it has a Package.swift file in the repository. You can customize the path for the Swift package to deploy by setting the PACKAGE_DIR config setting.

Procfile

Using the Procfile, you can set the process to run for your web server. Any binaries built from your Swift source using swift package manager will be placed in your $PATH.

Example Procfile for Vapor 3 and 4 apps:

web: Run serve --env production --hostname 0.0.0.0 --port $PORT

Example Procfile for Vapor 2 apps:

web: Run --env=production --port=$PORT

Specify a Swift version

The buildpack defaults to Swift 6.0.2, but is compatible with Swift 5.9.1 - 6.0.1.

If you need to use a specific older version of the Swift toolchain from this range, you can pin the version number using a file called .swift-version in the root of the project folder (or at the configured PACKAGE_DIR setting), or by setting a SWIFT_VERSION configuration variable on Heroku, then deploying again.

$ echo '5.10.1' > .swift-version
$ git add .swift-version
$ git commit -m "Pin Swift version to 5.10.1"
$ git push heroku main

Or:

$ heroku config:set SWIFT_VERSION=5.10.1
$ git commit -m "Pin Swift version to 5.10.1" --allow-empty
$ git push heroku main

Legacy versions

If your project requires an even older version of Swift, you can use a previous release of the buildpack via an old tag.

$ heroku buildpacks:set https://github.com/vapor-community/heroku-buildpack.git#5101-release

Active build configuration

By default, the buildpack will use the release build configuration to enable compiler optimizations. If you are experiencing mysterious crashes, you can try disabling them by setting the SWIFT_BUILD_CONFIGURATION config variable to debug, then redeploying.

$ heroku config:set SWIFT_BUILD_CONFIGURATION=debug
$ git commit -m "Change to debug configuration on Heroku" --allow-empty
$ git push heroku master
...
remote: -----> Building package (debug configuration, static stdlib)
...

Statically linked standard library

Swift supports static linkage for its standard library and Foundation, which has two advantages:

  1. The resulting binary is more self-contained, and can run on other machines running the same version of the same distribution without having to install the Swift toolchain.
  2. As only the relevant parts of the standard library/Foundation are copied into the binary, the resulting image will be smaller. A smaller image deploys faster too.

The buildpack uses static linkage by default.

However, if your project does not build, throwing errors about missing symbols for example, you can opt-in for the previous, dynamic linkage.

Define a configuration variable called SWIFT_DYNAMIC_STDLIB with any non-empty value, then deploy again.

$ heroku config:set SWIFT_DYNAMIC_STDLIB=true
$ git commit -m "Change to dynamic stdlib on Heroku" --allow-empty
$ git push heroku master

To use static linkage again, unset the configuration variable and deploy again.

$ heroku config:unset SWIFT_DYNAMIC_STDLIB
$ git commit -m "Change to dynamic stdlib on Heroku" --allow-empty
$ git push heroku master

Other build arguments

If you want to pass extra flags to the swift build command, you can do so by setting the SWIFT_BUILD_FLAGS config variable.

Hooks

You can place custom scripts to be run before and after compiling and installing your Swift source code inside the following files in your repository:

  • bin/pre_compile
  • bin/post_compile
  • bin/pre_install
  • bin/post_install

This is useful if you need to customize the final image.

The buildpack passes three arguments to the scripts: the BUILD_DIR, CACHE_DIR and ENV_DIR paths that Heroku provided for the build. See the Buildpack API documentation for details.

Example: using private dependencies

For larger projects with private dependencies, using heroku-buildpack-github-netrc is a solid solution – as long as the dependencies are on GitHub.

The same idea – using .netrc to pass in credentials – works for GitLab and other providers just as well.

The following pre_compile script creates a .netrc file from configuration variables. Save the script as bin/pre_compile in the root of your project.

# Load private git credentials from the app configuration
GIT_PRIVATE_DOMAIN=`cat $ENV_DIR/GIT_PRIVATE_DOMAIN | tr -d '[[:space:]]'`
GIT_PRIVATE_USER=`cat $ENV_DIR/GIT_PRIVATE_USER | tr -d '[[:space:]]'`
GIT_PRIVATE_PASSWORD=`cat $ENV_DIR/GIT_PRIVATE_PASSWORD | tr -d '[[:space:]]'`

# Create .netrc file with credentials
echo "machine $GIT_PRIVATE_DOMAIN" >> "$HOME/.netrc"
echo "login $GIT_PRIVATE_USER" >> "$HOME/.netrc"
echo "password $GIT_PRIVATE_PASSWORD" >> "$HOME/.netrc"

# Create cleanup script so the dyno does not see these values at runtime
mkdir -p "$BUILD_DIR/.profile.d"
echo "unset GIT_PRIVATE_DOMAIN" >> "$BUILD_DIR/.profile.d/netrc.sh"
echo "unset GIT_PRIVATE_USER" >> "$BUILD_DIR/.profile.d/netrc.sh"
echo "unset GIT_PRIVATE_PASSWORD" >> "$BUILD_DIR/.profile.d/netrc.sh"

Then define the GIT_PRIVATE_DOMAIN, GIT_PRIVATE_USER and GIT_PRIVATE_PASSWORD configuration variables on the Heroku dashboard, or via the heroku config:set command.

See the following example for the latter:

heroku config:set GIT_PRIVATE_DOMAIN=gitlab.com \
  [email protected] \
  GIT_PRIVATE_PASSWORD=As1D2f34

Then commit and deploy the project again.

Using the latest source code

The vapor/vapor buildpack from the Heroku Buildpack Registry represents the latest stable version of the buildpack. If you'd like to use the source code from this Github repository, you can set your buildpack to the Github URL:

$ heroku buildpacks:set https://github.com/vapor-community/heroku-buildpack.git