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glob-patterns.md

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Glob patterns

The pup zip and pup package commands have support for specifying files to include and exclude within your packaged project using .distignore (for exclusions) and .distfiles (for inclusions) files. The format of these files can be written in globstar syntax with one caveat: negation.

Glob patterns

Explicit file matches

You can match specific files by preceding the line with a /, which will cause matches to be exact from the project root.

/license.txt
/src/resources/js/whatever.js

If you have the following directory structure:

license.txt         # matches
src/
  resources/
    js/
      whatever.js   # matches
      bacon.js
      license.txt

Loose file matches

You can match a file or directory path that occurs at any depth:

license.txt
src/resources/js/whatever.js

If you have the following directory structure:

license.txt             # matches
src/
  resources/
    js/
      whatever.js       # matches
      bacon.js
      license.txt       # matches
      src/
        resources/
          js/
            whatever.js # matches

Wildcard matches

You can match a file or directory with a wildcard:

*.md
src/resources/*
src/Core/*/*.php

If you have the following directory structure:

readme.md                 # matches
license.md                # matches
src/
  Core/
    Controllers/
      A.php               # matches
      B.php               # matches
      C.js
    Models/
      AbstractModel.php   # matches
      Model.php           # matches
  resources/
    js/
      whatever.js         # matches
      license.txt         # matches
    css/
      whatever.css        # matches
    readme.txt            # matches

Wildcard directories

You can match files within any depth of directories:

src/**/*.md

If you have the following directory structure:

readme.md
src/
  x.md           # matches
  Core/
    z.md         # matches
    Controllers/
      bork.md    # matches

Glob capture groups

You can capture parts of a glob pattern using capture groups:

  • +(js|css|whatever) - Will match one or more of js, css, or whatever. js will match, jscsswhatever will match, etc.
  • ?(js|css|whatever) - Will match zero or one of js, css, or whatever.
  • *(js|css|whatever) - Will match zero or more of js, css, or whatever.
  • @(js|css|whatever) - Will match exactly one of js, css, or whatever.

Regex capture groups

Like the glob capture groups, pup also supports the following regex capture groups:

  • (js|css|whatever)+ - Will match one or more of js, css, or whatever. js will match, jscsswhatever will match, etc.
  • (js|css|whatever)? - Will match zero or one of js, css, or whatever.
  • (js|css|whatever)* - Will match zero or more of js, css, or whatever.

POSIX character classes

You can use POSIX character classes to match files:

  • [:alnum:] - Alphanumeric characters
  • [:blank:] - Space and tab characters
  • [:digit:] - Numeric characters
  • [:lower:] - Lowercase alphabetic characters
  • [:space:] - Whitespace characters
  • [:upper:] - Uppercase alphabetic characters
  • [:word:] - Word characters
  • [:xdigit:] - Hexadecimal characters

Regex symbols

Lastly, you can use regex symbols to match files:

  • ? - Matches zero or one of the preceding character.
  • + - Matches one or more of the preceding character.

Negation

You can negate any of the above patterns by preceding the line with a !:

!*.md
!src/resources/*

What is happening behind the scenes is that the negated line is moved to the inverse collection of patterns. Meaning, if you have a negated line in a .distfiles (the file where you specify what is included), it is handled as if it were in the .distignore file - and vice versa.