diff --git a/metals/src/main/scala/scala/meta/internal/metals/Embedded.scala b/metals/src/main/scala/scala/meta/internal/metals/Embedded.scala
index eb97d3ead0c..87a1fe8b5e1 100644
--- a/metals/src/main/scala/scala/meta/internal/metals/Embedded.scala
+++ b/metals/src/main/scala/scala/meta/internal/metals/Embedded.scala
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import java.nio.file.Path
 import java.util.ServiceLoader
 
 import scala.collection.concurrent.TrieMap
+import scala.util.Properties
 
 import scala.meta.internal.metals.MetalsEnrichments._
 import scala.meta.internal.pc.ScalaPresentationCompiler
@@ -170,6 +171,7 @@ final class Embedded(
 }
 
 object Embedded {
+  private val jdkVersion = JdkVersion.parse(Properties.javaVersion)
 
   lazy val repositories: List[Repository] =
     Repository.defaults().asScala.toList ++
@@ -270,6 +272,13 @@ object Embedded {
       if (scalaBinaryVersion == "2.11") "2.2.24"
       // from 2.2.24 mdoc is compiled with 3.1.x which is incompatible with 3.0.x
       else if (scalaVersion.exists(_.startsWith("3.0"))) "2.2.23"
+      // from 2.4.0 mdoc is released with Scala LTS 3.3.x
+      else if (
+        scalaVersion.exists(_.startsWith("3.1")) ||
+        scalaVersion.exists(_.startsWith("3.2"))
+      ) "2.3.8"
+      // from 2.5.0 mdoc is released with JDK 11
+      else if (jdkVersion.exists(_.major < 11)) "2.4.0"
       else BuildInfo.mdocVersion,
     )
   }
diff --git a/project/V.scala b/project/V.scala
index cce13763735..440e476ee57 100644
--- a/project/V.scala
+++ b/project/V.scala
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ object V {
   val lsp4jV = "0.20.1"
   val mavenBloop = "2.0.0"
   val mill = "0.11.5"
-  val mdoc = "2.4.0"
+  val mdoc = "2.5.1"
   val munit = "1.0.0-M10"
   val pprint = "0.7.3"
   val sbtBloop = bloop
diff --git a/project/plugins.sbt b/project/plugins.sbt
index e18bbfa7a57..e1bc111b608 100644
--- a/project/plugins.sbt
+++ b/project/plugins.sbt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 addSbtPlugin("pl.project13.scala" % "sbt-jmh" % "0.4.6")
 addSbtPlugin("ch.epfl.scala" % "sbt-scalafix" % "0.11.1")
 addSbtPlugin("com.github.sbt" % "sbt-ci-release" % "1.5.12")
-addSbtPlugin("org.scalameta" % "sbt-mdoc" % "2.4.0")
+addSbtPlugin("org.scalameta" % "sbt-mdoc" % "2.5.1")
 addSbtPlugin("com.eed3si9n" % "sbt-buildinfo" % "0.11.0")
 addSbtPlugin("com.github.reibitto" % "sbt-welcome" % "0.3.2")