bibliography.bib

@misc{TrustChain,
    author = {Martijn de Vos and Johan Pouwelse},
    title = {Real-time Money Routing by Trusting Strangers with your Funds},
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    year = {2018},
}

@misc{FWSP,
    author = {Jetse Brouwer},
    title = {Consensus-less Security},
    year = {2020},
    url = {http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d3d56dd8-60ee-47f7-b23a-cdc6c2650e14}
}

@article{Broadcast,
    Author = {Rachid Guerraoui and Petr Kuznetsov and Matteo Monti and Matej Pavlovic and Dragos-Adrian Seredinschi and Yann Vonlanthen},
    Title = {Scalable Byzantine Reliable Broadcast (Extended Version)},
    Year = {2019},
    Eprint = {arXiv:1908.01738},
    Doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2019.22},
}

@misc{FedCoin,
    author = {The Federal Reserve, Fed},
    title = {Preconditions for a general-purpose central bank digital currency},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/preconditions-for-a-general-purpose-central-bank-digital-currency-20210224.htm}},
    month = {02},
    year = {2021},
    note = {(Accessed on 03/19/2021)}
}

@misc{ReportDigitalEuro,
    author = {European Central Bank, ECB},
    title = {Report on a digital euro},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/other/Report_on_a_digital_euro~4d7268b458.en.pdf}},
    month = {10},
    year = {2020},
    note = {(Accessed on 03/19/2021)}
}

@misc{ChinaCoinTrial,
    author = {Reuters},
    title = {China's \$1.5 million digital currency giveaway impressed analysts. Shoppers, not so much | Reuters},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.reuters.com/article/china-currency-digital/chinas-1-5-mln-digital-currency-giveaway-impressed-analysts-shoppers-not-so-much-idUSL4N2H71NR?rpc=401&}},
    month = {10},
    year = {2020},
    note = {(Accessed on 03/19/2021)}
}

@article{The_Gold_Standard,
    ISSN = {00072303, 15334465},
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    author = {Richard N. Cooper and Rudiger Dornbusch and Robert E. Hall},
    journal = {Brookings Papers on Economic Activity},
    number = {1},
    pages = {1--56},
    publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
    title = {The Gold Standard: Historical Facts and Future Prospects},
    volume = {1982},
    year = {1982}
}

@misc{Bitcoin:whitepaper,
    author = {Nakamoto, Satoshi},
    title = {Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system},
    url = {http://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf},
    year = {2009}
}

@misc{MakerDAO:whitepaper,
    author = {The Maker Team},
    title = {The Maker Protocol White Paper | Feb 2020},
    howpublished = {\url{https://makerdao.com/en/whitepaper/}},
    month = {02},
    year = {2020},
    note = {(Accessed on 03/19/2021)}
}

@misc{Tether:whitepaper,
    author = {Tether International Limited},
    title = {Tether Whitepaper},
    howpublished = {\url{https://tether.to/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/TetherWhitePaper.pdf}},
    month = {06},
    year = {2016},
    note = {(Accessed on 03/19/2021)}
}

@misc{TetherCap,
    author = {},
    title = {Tethers Market Cap},
    howpublished = {\url{https://forkast.news/tether-usdt-reserves-stablecoin-bitfinex/}},
    month = {June},
    year = {2021},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/14/2021)}
}

@misc{Diem:whitepaper,
    author = {Diem},
    title = {White Paper | Diem Association},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.diem.com/en-us/white-paper/}},
    month = {04},
    year = {2020},
    note = {(Accessed on 03/19/2021)}
}

@misc{ForbesChinaCoin,
    author = {Forbes},
    title = {Alibaba, Tencent, Five Others To Receive First Chinese Government Cryptocurrency},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaeldelcastillo/2019/08/27/alibaba-tencent-five-others-to-recieve-first-chinese-government-cryptocurrency/?sh=33d423fb1a51}},
    month = {08},
    year = {2019},
    note = {(Accessed on 03/22/2021)}
}

@book{HistoryOfMoney:book,
    title     = {A history of money: from ancient times to the present day},
    author = {Glyn Davies},
    year      = {2002},
    publisher = {Cardiff: University of Wales Press},
    address   = {London},
    howpublished = {\url{http://site.ebrary.com/id/10817751}},
}

@article{On_the_Origin_of_Money,
    author = {Menger, Karl},
    title = "{On the Origin of Money}",
    journal = {The Economic Journal},
    volume = {2},
    number = {6},
    pages = {239-255},
    year = {1892},
    month = {06},
    issn = {0013-0133},
    doi = {10.2307/2956146},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.2307/2956146},
    eprint = {http://oup.prod.sis.lan/ej/article-pdf/2/6/239/27732249/ej0239.pdf},
}

@misc{CashTransactionsEuro,
    author = {ECB Statistical Data Warehouse},
    title = {Share of card payments in number of total payment transactions},
    howpublished = {\url{https://sdw.ecb.europa.eu/quickview.do?SERIES_KEY=169.PSS.A.U2.F000.I1A.Z00Z.NP.X0.20.Z0Z.Z}},
    note = {(Accessed on 03/23/2021)}
}

@misc{Unbanked,
    author = {Miguel Ampudia, Michael Ehrmann},
    title = {Financial inclusion: what’s it worth?},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/scpwps/ecbwp1990.en.pdf}},
    month = {01},
    year = {2017},
    note = {(Accessed on 03/23/2021)}
}

@misc{GatewayCode,
    author = {R.W. Blokzijl},
    title = {rwblokzijl/stablecoin-exchange},
    howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/rwblokzijl/stablecoin-exchange}},
    note = {(Accessed on 03/23/2021)}
}

@misc{SuperAppCode,
    title = {Tribler/trustchain-superapp: Kotlin implementation of Trustchain and IPv8 with rich networking: multihoming of local Bluetooth+4G, decentral social networking, UDP hole punching, etc.},
    howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/Tribler/trustchain-superapp}},
    note = {(Accessed on 03/23/2021)}
}

@misc{SuperAppThesis,
    author = {Matouš Skála},
    title = {Technology Stack for Decentralized Mobile Services | TU Delft Repositories},
    howpublished = {\url{http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bd3a5fbd-430b-4af6-bc33-eab436f4f7db}},
    month = {08},
    year = {2020},
    note = {(Accessed on 03/23/2021)}
}

@misc{PyIPv8,
    title = {Tribler/py-ipv8: Python implementation of the IPv8 layer},
    howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/Tribler/py-ipv8/}},
    note = {(Accessed on 03/23/2021)}
}

@inproceedings{Chaum1983blind,
    title={Blind signatures for untraceable payments},
    author={Chaum, David},
    booktitle={Advances in cryptology},
    pages={199--203},
    year={1983},
    organization={Springer}
}

@misc{1993offlineCash,
    title={An efficient off-line electronic cash system based on the representation problem},
    author={Brands, Stefan A},
    year={1993},
    publisher={Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica}
}

@article{ChaumEcommerce,
    author={D. {Chaum}},
    journal={IEEE Internet Computing},
    title={David Chaum on Electronic Commerce How much do you trust Big Brother?},
    year={1997},
    volume={1},
    number={6},
    pages={8-16},
    doi={10.1109/MIC.1997.643931}}

@misc{chaum2021,
    title={How to Issue a Central Bank Digital Currency},
    author={David Chaum and Christian Grothoff and Thomas Moser},
    year={2021},
    eprint={2103.00254},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={econ.GN}
}

@misc{Ethereum:whitepaper,
    author = {Vitalik Buterin},
    title = {Ethereum: A Next-Generation Smart Contract and Decentralized Application Platform},
    howpublished = "\url{https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/White-Paper}",
    year = {2013}
}

@misc{IotaTangle:whitepaper,
    author = {},
    title = {Tangle\_White\_Paper\_v1.4.2.pdf},
    howpublished = {\url{https://assets.ctfassets.net/r1dr6vzfxhev/4i3OM9JTleiE8M6Y04Ii28/d58bc5bb71cebe4adc18fadea1a79037/Tangle_White_Paper_v1.4.2.pdf}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/12/2021)}
}

@misc{Nano:whitepaper,
    author = {},
    title = {Nano\_Whitepaper\_en.pdf},
    howpublished = {\url{https://content.nano.org/whitepaper/Nano_Whitepaper_en.pdf}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/12/2021)}
}

@misc{eCash1998,
    author = {},
    title = {Requiem for a Bright Idea},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.forbes.com/forbes/1999/1101/6411390a.html?sh=4e0608c6715f}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/12/2021)}
}

@misc{InternationalTrade,
    author = {},
    title = {International trade in goods},
    howpublished = {\url{https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/International_trade_in_goods#Strong_increase_in_trade_in_goods_with_China_in_2010-2020}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/12/2021)}
}

@misc{DoerakTrial,
    author = {},
    title = {Delft café premieres with EEMCS blockchain euro},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.delta.tudelft.nl/article/delft-cafe-premieres-eemcs-blockchain-euro}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/19/2021)}
}

@misc{libtorrent,
    author = {},
    title = {libtorrent},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.libtorrent.org/}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/26/2021)}
}

@misc{libp2p,
    author = {},
    title = {libp2p},
    howpublished = {\url{https://libp2p.io/}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/26/2021)}
}

@misc{PeerId,
    author = {LibP2P},
    title = {Peer Identity :: libp2p Documentation},
    howpublished = {\url{https://docs.libp2p.io/concepts/peer-id/}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/26/2021)}
}

@misc{kotlin-IPv8,
    author = {TU Delft},
    title = {Tribler/kotlin-ipv8: P2P communication library for Android},
    howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/Tribler/kotlin-ipv8}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/26/2021)}
}

@misc{Tikkie,
    author = {ABN AMRO},
    title = {Tikkie - bedrijven},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.tikkie.me/bedrijven}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/27/2021)}
}

@article{CreditFraud,
    title = {Data mining for credit card fraud: A comparative study},
    journal = {Decision Support Systems},
    volume = {50},
    number = {3},
    pages = {602-613},
    year = {2011},
    issn = {0167-9236},
    doi = {10.1016/j.dss.2010.08.008},
    url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167923610001326},
    author = {Siddhartha Bhattacharyya and Sanjeev Jha and Kurian Tharakunnel and J. Christopher Westland},
}

@article{IdentityTheft,
    title = {Credit and identity theft},
    journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
    volume = {55},
    number = {2},
    pages = {251-264},
    year = {2008},
    issn = {0304-3932},
    doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2007.08.001},
    url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304393207001250},
    author = {Charles M. Kahn and William Roberds},
}

@misc{EMPSA,
    author = {},
    title = {EMPSA - European Mobile Payment Systems Association},
    howpublished = {\url{https://empsa.org/}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/28/2021)}
}

@Inbook{PayPal,
    title="Introduction to PayPal",
    bookTitle="Pro PayPal E-Commerce",
    year="2007",
    publisher="Apress",
    address="Berkeley, CA",
    pages="1--12",
    isbn="978-1-4302-0353-7",
    doi="10.1007/978-1-4302-0353-7_1",
    url="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-0353-7_1"
}

@inproceedings{Venmo,
    title={Venmo: Understanding mobile payments as social media},
    author={Acker, Amelia and Murthy, Dhiraj},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the 9th international conference on social media and society},
    pages={5--12},
    year={2018}
}

@misc{Skrill,
    author = {},
    title = {Online Wallet for Money Transfers \& Online Payments | Skrill},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.skrill.com/en/}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/28/2021)}
}

@misc{BitcoinTransactionFees,
    author = {CoinDesk},
    title = {Bitcoin Transactions Are More Expensive Than Ever - CoinDesk},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.coindesk.com/bitcoin-transaction-fees-more-expensive-than-ever}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/28/2021)}
}

@misc{Ethereum2,
    author = {},
    title = {Ethereum 2.0 (Eth2) vision | ethereum.org},
    howpublished = {\url{https://ethereum.org/en/eth2/vision/}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/28/2021)}
}

@misc{USDC,
    author = {},
    title = {Introducing USD Coin},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.circle.com/blog/introducing-usd-coin}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/30/2021)}
}

@misc{Stasis,
    author = {},
    title = {STASIS: Digital assets for intelligent investors},
    howpublished = {\url{https://stasis.net/}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/30/2021)}
}

@misc{EOSDT,
    author = {},
    title = {Stablecoin on EOS Blockchain | EOSDT},
    howpublished = {\url{https://eosdt.com/en}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 04/30/2021)}
}

@misc{Ekrona,
    author = {Sveriges Riksbank},
    title = {E-krona pilot phase 1},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.riksbank.se/globalassets/media/rapporter/e-krona/2021/e-krona-pilot-phase-1.pdf}},
    month = {April},
    year = {2021},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/02/2021)}
}

@misc{JapanCoin,
    author = {日本銀行 Bank of Japan},
    title = {Central Bank Digital Currency},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/digital/index.htm/}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/02/2021)}
}

@misc{AustraliaCoin,
    author = {Reserve Bank of Australia},
    title = {Retail Central Bank Digital Currency: Design Considerations, Rationales and Implications | Bulletin – September Quarter 2020 | RBA},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2020/sep/retail-central-bank-digital-currency-design-considerations-rationales-and-implications.html}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/02/2021)}
}

@misc{DenmarkCoin,
    author = {Danmarks Nationalbank},
    title = {Central bank digital currency in Denmark?},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.nationalbanken.dk/en/publications/Pages/2017/12/Central-bank-digital-currency-in-Denmark.aspx}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/02/2021)}
}

@misc{FranceCoin,
    author = {Banque de France},
    title = {Experiment on the use of Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC)},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.banque-france.fr/en/communique-de-presse/experiment-use-central-bank-digital-currency-cbdc}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/02/2021)}
}

@misc{IcelandCoin,
    author = {Central Bank of Iceland},
    title = {Rafkróna? - Central bank digital currency},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.cb.is/library/Skraarsafn---EN/Reports/Special_Publication_12.pdf}},
    month = {September},
    year = {2018},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/02/2021)}
}

@misc{DutchCoin,
    author = {De Nederlandse Bank},
    title = {Digital currency issued by central banks can protect public interests in payment systems},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.dnb.nl/en/actueel/dnb/dnbulletin-2020/digital-currency-issued-by-central-banks-can-protect-public-interests-in-payment-systems/}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/02/2021)}
}

@misc{NorwayCoin,
    author = {Norges Bank},
    title = {Central bank digital currencies},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.norges-bank.no/contentassets/166efadb3d73419c8c50f9471be26402/nbpapers-1-2018-centralbankdigitalcurrencies.pdf?v=05/18/2018121950&ft=.pdf&v=05/18/2018121950&ft=.pdf}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/02/2021)}
}

@misc{RussiaCoin,
    author = {Bank of Russia},
    title = {A Digital Ruble | Bank of Russia},
    howpublished = {\url{http://cbr.ru/eng/analytics/d_ok/dig_ruble/}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/02/2021)}
}

@misc{SwissCoin,
    author = {Swiss Federal Council},
    title = {Central bank digital currency},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.newsd.admin.ch/newsd/message/attachments/59639.pdf}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/02/2021)}
}

@misc{EnglandCoin,
    author = {Bank of England},
    title = {Discussion Paper - Central Bank Digital Currency: Opportunities, challenges and design},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/-/media/boe/files/paper/2020/central-bank-digital-currency-opportunities-challenges-and-design.pdf?la=en&hash=DFAD18646A77C00772AF1C5B18E63E71F68E4593}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/02/2021)}
}

@misc{CashDecline,
    author = {Bank of England},
    title = {Central Bank Digital Currency: opportunities, challenges and design | Bank of England},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/paper/2020/central-bank-digital-currency-opportunities-challenges-and-design-discussion-paper}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/02/2021)}
}

@misc{IsraelCoin,
    author = {Bank of Israel},
    title = {Report of the team to examine the issue of Central Bank Digital Currencies},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.boi.org.il/en/NewsAndPublications/PressReleases/Documents/Digital%20currency.pdf}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/02/2021)}
}

@misc{FormsOfMoney,
    author = {Morten Linnemann Bech and Rodney Garratt},
    title = {Central bank cryptocurrencies},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.bis.org/publ/qtrpdf/r_qt1709f.htm}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/02/2021)}
}

@misc{DepositInsurance,
    author = {},
    title = {Directive 94/19/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 1994 on deposit-guarantee schemes},
    howpublished = {\url{https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A31994L0019}},
    month = {May},
    year = {1994},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/07/2021)}
}

@article{EcommerceGrowth,
    title={Retail e-Commerce (E-tail)-evolution, characteristics and perspectives in China, the USA and Europe},
    author={Moagar-Poladian, Simona and Dumitrescu, George-Cornel and Tanase, Ion Alexandru},
    journal={Global Economic Observer},
    volume={5},
    number={1},
    pages={167},
    year={2017},
    publisher={Nicolae Titulescu University Editorial House}
}

@misc{3000Limit,
    author = {},
    title = {Interview with Der Spiegel},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/inter/date/2021/html/ecb.in210209~af9c628e30.en.html}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 06/13/2021)}
}

@misc{RSCoin,
    title={Centrally Banked Cryptocurrencies},
    author={George Danezis and Sarah Meiklejohn},
    year={2015},
    eprint={1505.06895},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CR}
}

@misc{PandasCBDC,
    author={Tsai, Wei-Tek and Zhao, Zihao and Zhang, Chi and Yu, Lian and Deng, Enyan},
    booktitle={2018 5th International Conference on Dependable Systems and Their Applications (DSA)},
    title={A Multi-Chain Model for CBDC},
    year={2018},
    volume={},
    number={},
    pages={25-34},
    doi={10.1109/DSA.2018.00016}
}

@misc{LiquidityPool,
    author={van Stam, Just and Chong, Kevin and Lemaire, Chris and Melas, Minas },
    title = {Liquidity Pool · Tribler/trustchain-superapp},
    howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/Tribler/trustchain-superapp/blob/master/liquidity-pool/README_GROUP2.md}},
    month = {},
    year = {},
    note = {(Accessed on 07/04/2021)}
}