diff --git a/R/vignette.R b/R/vignette.R
index ceab26aa0..389bdb423 100644
--- a/R/vignette.R
+++ b/R/vignette.R
@@ -10,28 +10,57 @@
 #' * Adds `inst/doc` to `.gitignore` so built vignettes aren't tracked.
 #' * Adds `vignettes/*.html` and `vignettes/*.R` to `.gitignore` so
 #'   you never accidentally track rendered vignettes.
-#' @param name Base for file name to use for new vignette. Should consist only
-#'   of numbers, letters, `_` and `-`. Lower case is recommended.
-#' @param title The title of the vignette.
-#' @seealso The [vignettes chapter](https://r-pkgs.org/vignettes.html) of
-#'   [R Packages](https://r-pkgs.org).
+#' * For `*.qmd`, adds Quarto-related patterns to `.gitignore` and
+#'   `.Rbuildignore`.
+#' @param name File name to use for new vignette. Should consist only of
+#'   numbers, letters, `_` and `-`. Lower case is recommended. Can include the
+#'   `".Rmd"` or `".qmd"` file extension, which also dictates whether to place
+#'   an R Markdown or Quarto vignette. R Markdown (`".Rmd"`) is the current
+#'   default, but it is anticipated that Quarto (`".qmd"`) will become the
+#'   default in the future.
+#' @param title The title of the vignette. If not provided, a title is generated
+#'   from `name`.
+#' @seealso
+#' * The [vignettes chapter](https://r-pkgs.org/vignettes.html) of
+#'   [R Packages](https://r-pkgs.org)
+#' * The pkgdown vignette on Quarto:
+#'   `vignette("quarto", package = "pkgdown")`
+#' * The quarto (as in the R package) vignette on HTML vignettes:
+#'   `vignette("hello", package = "quarto")`
 #' @export
 #' @examples
 #' \dontrun{
 #' use_vignette("how-to-do-stuff", "How to do stuff")
+#' use_vignette("r-markdown-is-classic.Rmd", "R Markdown is classic")
+#' use_vignette("quarto-is-cool.qmd", "Quarto is cool")
 #' }
-use_vignette <- function(name, title = name) {
+use_vignette <- function(name, title = NULL) {
   check_is_package("use_vignette()")
   check_required(name)
+  maybe_name(title)
+
+  ext <- get_vignette_extension(name)
+  if (ext == "qmd") {
+    check_installed("quarto")
+    check_installed("pkgdown", version = "2.1.0")
+  }
+
+  name <- path_ext_remove(name)
   check_vignette_name(name)
+  title <- title %||% name
 
   use_dependency("knitr", "Suggests")
-  use_dependency("rmarkdown", "Suggests")
-
-  proj_desc_field_update("VignetteBuilder", "knitr", overwrite = TRUE)
   use_git_ignore("inst/doc")
 
-  use_vignette_template("vignette.Rmd", name, title)
+  if (tolower(ext) == "rmd") {
+    use_dependency("rmarkdown", "Suggests")
+    proj_desc_field_update("VignetteBuilder", "knitr", overwrite = TRUE, append = TRUE)
+    use_vignette_template("vignette.Rmd", name, title)
+  } else {
+    use_dependency("quarto", "Suggests")
+    proj_desc_field_update("VignetteBuilder", "quarto", overwrite = TRUE, append = TRUE)
+    use_vignette_template("vignette.qmd", name, title)
+  }
 
   invisible()
 }
@@ -58,16 +87,23 @@ use_vignette_template <- function(template, name, title, subdir = NULL) {
   check_name(title)
   maybe_name(subdir)
 
+  ext <- get_vignette_extension(template)
+
   use_directory("vignettes")
   if (!is.null(subdir)) {
     use_directory(path("vignettes", subdir))
   }
   use_git_ignore(c("*.html", "*.R"), directory = "vignettes")
+  if (ext == "qmd") {
+    use_build_ignore("vignettes/.quarto")
+    use_build_ignore("vignettes/*_files")
+    use_git_ignore("*_files", "vignettes")
+  }
 
   if (is.null(subdir)) {
-    path <- path("vignettes", asciify(name), ext = "Rmd")
+    path <- path("vignettes", asciify(name), ext = ext)
   } else {
-    path <- path("vignettes", subdir, asciify(name), ext = "Rmd")
+    path <- path("vignettes", subdir, asciify(name), ext = ext)
   }
 
   data <- list(
@@ -102,3 +138,29 @@ check_vignette_name <- function(name) {
 valid_vignette_name <- function(x) {
   grepl("^[[:alpha:]][[:alnum:]_-]*$", x)
 }
+
+check_vignette_extension <- function(ext) {
+  valid_exts <- c("Rmd", "rmd", "qmd")
+  valid_exts_cli <- cli::cli_vec(
+    valid_exts,
+    style = list("vec-last" = ", or ")
+  )
+  if (! ext %in% valid_exts) {
+    ui_abort(c(
+      "Invalid file extension: {.val {ext}}",
+      "usethis can only create a vignette or article with one of these
+       extensions: {.val {valid_exts_cli}}."
+    ))
+
+  }
+}
+
+get_vignette_extension <- function(name) {
+  ext <- path_ext(name)
+  if (nzchar(ext)) {
+    check_vignette_extension(ext)
+  } else {
+    ext <- "Rmd"
+  }
+  ext
+}
diff --git a/inst/templates/article.qmd b/inst/templates/article.qmd
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a4f4ac1fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/inst/templates/article.qmd
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+---
+title: "{{{ vignette_title }}}"
+knitr:
+  opts_chunk:
+    collapse: true
+    comment: '#>'
+---
+
+```{r}
+#| label: setup
+library({{Package}})
+```
diff --git a/inst/templates/vignette.qmd b/inst/templates/vignette.qmd
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e46284de0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/inst/templates/vignette.qmd
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+---
+title: "{{{ vignette_title }}}"
+vignette: >
+  %\VignetteIndexEntry{{{ braced_vignette_title }}}
+  %\VignetteEngine{quarto::html}
+  %\VignetteEncoding{UTF-8}
+knitr:
+  opts_chunk:
+    collapse: true
+    comment: '#>'
+---
+
+```{r}
+#| label: setup
+library({{Package}})
+```
diff --git a/man/use_vignette.Rd b/man/use_vignette.Rd
index 8c5fa70fa..dfd7dac07 100644
--- a/man/use_vignette.Rd
+++ b/man/use_vignette.Rd
@@ -5,15 +5,20 @@
 \alias{use_article}
 \title{Create a vignette or article}
 \usage{
-use_vignette(name, title = name)
+use_vignette(name, title = NULL)
 
 use_article(name, title = name)
 }
 \arguments{
-\item{name}{Base for file name to use for new vignette. Should consist only
-of numbers, letters, \verb{_} and \code{-}. Lower case is recommended.}
+\item{name}{File name to use for new vignette. Should consist only of
+numbers, letters, \verb{_} and \code{-}. Lower case is recommended. Can include the
+\code{".Rmd"} or \code{".qmd"} file extension, which also dictates whether to place
+an R Markdown or Quarto vignette. R Markdown (\code{".Rmd"}) is the current
+default, but it is anticipated that Quarto (\code{".qmd"}) will become the
+default in the future.}
 
-\item{title}{The title of the vignette.}
+\item{title}{The title of the vignette. If not provided, a title is generated
+from \code{name}.}
 }
 \description{
 Creates a new vignette or article in \verb{vignettes/}. Articles are a special
@@ -28,15 +33,25 @@ automatically).
 \item Adds \code{inst/doc} to \code{.gitignore} so built vignettes aren't tracked.
 \item Adds \verb{vignettes/*.html} and \verb{vignettes/*.R} to \code{.gitignore} so
 you never accidentally track rendered vignettes.
+\item For \verb{*.qmd}, adds Quarto-related patterns to \code{.gitignore} and
+\code{.Rbuildignore}.
 }
 }
 
 \examples{
 \dontrun{
 use_vignette("how-to-do-stuff", "How to do stuff")
+use_vignette("r-markdown-is-classic.Rmd", "R Markdown is classic")
+use_vignette("quarto-is-cool.qmd", "Quarto is cool")
 }
 }
 \seealso{
-The \href{https://r-pkgs.org/vignettes.html}{vignettes chapter} of
-\href{https://r-pkgs.org}{R Packages}.
+\itemize{
+\item The \href{https://r-pkgs.org/vignettes.html}{vignettes chapter} of
+\href{https://r-pkgs.org}{R Packages}
+\item The pkgdown vignette on Quarto:
+\code{vignette("quarto", package = "pkgdown")}
+\item The quarto (as in the R package) vignette on HTML vignettes:
+\code{vignette("hello", package = "quarto")}
+}
 }
diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-vignette.R b/tests/testthat/test-vignette.R
index 82b7a4690..c580faa7f 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/test-vignette.R
+++ b/tests/testthat/test-vignette.R
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ test_that("use_vignette() gives useful errors", {
   })
 })
 
-test_that("use_vignette() does the promised setup", {
+test_that("use_vignette() does the promised setup, Rmd", {
   create_local_package()
 
   use_vignette("name", "title")
@@ -32,6 +32,43 @@ test_that("use_vignette() does the promised setup", {
   expect_identical(proj_desc()$get_field("VignetteBuilder"), "knitr")
 })
 
+test_that("use_vignette() does the promised setup, qmd", {
+  create_local_package()
+  local_check_installed()
+
+  use_vignette("name.qmd", "title")
+  expect_proj_file("vignettes/name.qmd")
+
+  ignores <- read_utf8(proj_path(".gitignore"))
+  expect_true("inst/doc" %in% ignores)
+
+  deps <- proj_deps()
+  expect_true(
+    all(c("knitr", "quarto") %in% deps$package[deps$type == "Suggests"])
+  )
+
+  expect_identical(proj_desc()$get_field("VignetteBuilder"), "quarto")
+})
+
+test_that("use_vignette() does the promised setup, mix of Rmd and qmd", {
+  create_local_package()
+  local_check_installed()
+
+  use_vignette("older-vignette", "older Rmd vignette")
+  use_vignette("newer-vignette.qmd", "newer qmd vignette")
+  expect_proj_file("vignettes/older-vignette.Rmd")
+  expect_proj_file("vignettes/newer-vignette.qmd")
+
+  deps <- proj_deps()
+  expect_true(
+    all(c("knitr", "quarto", "rmarkdown") %in% deps$package[deps$type == "Suggests"])
+  )
+
+  vignette_builder <- proj_desc()$get_field("VignetteBuilder")
+  expect_match(vignette_builder, "knitr", fixed = TRUE)
+  expect_match(vignette_builder, "quarto", fixed = TRUE)
+})
+
 # use_article -------------------------------------------------------------
 
 test_that("use_article goes in article subdirectory", {