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BITS-question-answer2.ent
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<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- MODULE: BITS Question and Answer Module -->
<!-- DATE: June 2015 -->
<!-- -->
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- PUBLIC DOCUMENT TYPE DEFINITION -->
<!-- TYPICAL INVOCATION -->
<!--
"-//NLM//DTD BITS Question and Answer Module v2.0 20151225//EN"
Delivered as file "BITS-question-answer2.ent" -->
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- SYSTEM: Book Interchange Tag Suite -->
<!-- -->
<!-- PURPOSE: Defines a model for questions, sets of questions, -->
<!-- and answers. This is a very basic model, expected -->
<!-- to be extended. NOTE: This is NOT a model for a -->
<!-- quiz, test, or exam; such a containing model -->
<!-- could be built using sections and the questions -->
<!-- answers defined in this module. -->
<!-- -->
<!-- TAG SET SPONSOR -->
<!-- National Center for Biotechnology -->
<!-- Information (NCBI) -->
<!-- National Library of Medicine (NLM) -->
<!-- -->
<!-- CREATED FOR: -->
<!-- This DTD was created as a superset customization -->
<!-- of the ANSI/NISO JATS Z39.96-2012 Version 1.0 -->
<!-- Journal Article Tag Set. -->
<!-- -->
<!-- Digital archives and publishers may use the -->
<!-- DTD as is for markup of books or book-like -->
<!-- material for archiving and transferring -->
<!-- such material between archives or they may create -->
<!-- a custom XML DTD from the BITS Suite for -->
<!-- these purposes. -->
<!-- -->
<!-- This DTD is in the public domain. An organization -->
<!-- that wishes to create its own DTD from the suite -->
<!-- may do so without permission from NLM. -->
<!-- -->
<!-- The suite has been set up to be extended using a -->
<!-- new DTD file and new DTD-specific customization -->
<!-- modules to redefine the many Parameter Entities. -->
<!-- Do not modify the suite directly or redistribute -->
<!-- modified versions of the suite. -->
<!-- -->
<!-- In the interest of maintaining consistency and -->
<!-- clarity for potential users, NLM requests: -->
<!-- -->
<!-- 1. If you create a DTD from the BITS DTD Suite -->
<!-- and intend to stay compatible with the suite, -->
<!-- then please include the following statement -->
<!-- as a comment in all of your DTD modules: -->
<!-- "Created from, and fully compatible with, -->
<!-- the Book Interchange Tag Suite (BITS). -->
<!-- -->
<!-- 2. If you alter one or more modules of the suite, -->
<!-- then please rename your version and all its -->
<!-- modules to avoid any confusion with the -->
<!-- original suite. Also, please include the -->
<!-- following statement as a comment in all your -->
<!-- DTD modules: -->
<!-- "Based in part on, but not fully compatible -->
<!-- with, the Book Interchange Tag Suite -->
<!-- (BITS)." -->
<!-- -->
<!-- ORIGINAL CREATION DATE: -->
<!-- May 2013 -->
<!-- -->
<!-- CREATED BY: Mulberry Technologies, Inc. for the National -->
<!-- National Center for Biotechnology Information -->
<!-- (NCBI), a center of the US National Library of -->
<!-- Medicine (NLM). -->
<!-- -->
<!-- The BITS Book Interchange DTD is built from the -->
<!-- Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD of the -->
<!-- ANSI/NISO Journal Article Tag Suite (JATS) -->
<!-- Version 1.1d1 (Z39.96-2015). -->
<!-- -->
<!-- Suggestions for refinements and enhancements to -->
<!-- this DTD should be sent in email to: -->
<!-- [email protected] -->
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- DTD VERSION/CHANGE HISTORY -->
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!--
Version Reason/Occasion (who) vx.x (yyyy-mm-dd)
=============================================================
BITS Version 2.0 (DAL/BTU) v2.0 (2015-12-25)
JATS Version 1.1 (DAL/BTU) v1.1 (2015-12-15)
JATS is a continuing maintenance NISO Standard, which
requires voting by the ANSI and NISO memberships to be changed.
JATS 1.1 was approved in late 2015, and BITS modified to use
the most recent version. No other changes to BITS were made.
12. BITS remained version "2.0" but becomes "v2.0 20151225"
JATS became version "1.1" and "v1.1 20151215"
=============================================================
BITS Version 2.0 (DAL/BTU) v2.0 (2015-03-15)
JATS Version 1.1 (DAL/BTU) v1.1 (2015-03-01)
BITS was modified, based on user feedback collected in 2014
and January/February 2015, according to the decisions
made by the BITS Working Group. This DTD represents current
BITS and an interim version of the non-normative JATS DTD
Suite (version 1.1), as an indication to JATS users of
the decisions that have been made by the JATS Standing
Committee.
NISO JATS is a continuing maintenance NISO Standard, which
requires voting by the NISO membership to be changed. This
Committee Draft 1.1 will be sent to the NISO voting
membership, to become (if approved) NISO JATS 1.1.
11. TITLE/SUBTITLE/ALT-TIT/E ETC. - Some of the question/answer
components could take subtitles and alt-titles as well as titles,
but all could not. Regularized them to include all title
types if a title was possible.
10. EXPLANATION - was given a new section-level model similar
to that for <answer>.
9. ANSWER-SPECIFIC PARAGRAPH-LEVEL OBJECTS
Created a new PE (answer-para-level) to prohibit
<explanation> at the paragraph level inside
<answer>, because that created DTD determinism problems.
Rewrote <answer> model to use this PE.
8. QUESTION MODEL - changed the model for <question> to:
- call all the components of sec-opt-title-model
rather than calling the grouping PE
- Add new element <option>, which is used for multiple
choice questions (instead of <answer>)
7. ANSWER/QUESTION ATTRIBUTES
- Removed @correct (yes | no) from <answer> and from
<answer-set>, because, by definition, an <answer>
is correct. The <option> element may now be marked
with a @correct attribute ('yes' or 'no').
-Removed @answer-type from <answer>, since this is
really about the question, not the answer.
- Added new attribute @question-response-type to
<question>, which takes the old values for @answer-type
(multiple choice, short answer, essay, etc.)
6. XML:LANG ATTRIBUTE - Added @xml:lang to the attributes lists
of <question-wrap> and <question-wrap-group>.
5. EXPLANATION - Added @rid to <explanation> since these can
now float in the text as answers can.
4. QUESTION-PREAMBLE - Added new element to hold setup/
preamble information, when the setup is shared by several
questions, for example, a diagram is shown and the questions
are similar to "What is angle a?". This preamble is part of
a <question-wrap-group> that contains the preamble/setup
(<question-preamble>) and several questions
(<question-wrap>).
3. QUESTION-WRAP-GROUP - Added new element <question-wrap-group>
to hold a question setup/preamble (<question-preamble>)
and two or more <question-wrap>s based on that preamble.
2. BITS became version "2.0" and "v2.0 20150630"
JATS became version "1.1" and "v1.1 20150301"
=============================================================
BITS Version 1.1 (DAL/BTU) v1.1 (2014-09-30)
JATS Version 1.1d2 (DAL/BTU) v1.1d2 (2014-09-30)
NISO JATS is a continuing maintenance NISO Standard, which
requires voting by the NISO membership to be changed. This
Committee Draft 1.1d2 will be sent to the NISO voting
membership, to become (if approved) NISO JATS 1.1.
This catalog represents an interim version of the
non-normative JATS DTD Suite, as an indication to JATS users
the decisions that have been made by the JATS Standing
Committee.
1. BITS became version "1.1" and "v1.1 20140930//EN"
JATS became version "1.1d2" and "v1.1d2 20140930//EN"
=============================================================
-->
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- PARAMETER ENTITIES FOR ATTRIBUTE VALUES -->
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- TYPES OF ANSWERS -->
<!-- Used to name the type of question or
question set. -->
<!ENTITY % answer-types "essay | fill-in-the-blank | multi-select |
multiple-choice | short-answer |
true-false" >
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- PARAMETER ENTITIES FOR ATTRIBUTE LISTS -->
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- QUESTION ATTRIBUTES -->
<!-- Attributes for the <question> element -->
<!ENTITY % question-atts
"%jats-common-atts;
question-response-type
(%answer-types;) #IMPLIED
content-type
CDATA #IMPLIED
specific-use
CDATA #IMPLIED
xml:lang NMTOKEN #IMPLIED" >
<!-- QUESTION PREAMBLE ATTRIBUTES -->
<!-- Attributes for the <question-preamble>
element -->
<!ENTITY % question-preamble-atts
"%jats-common-atts;
content-type
CDATA #IMPLIED
specific-use
CDATA #IMPLIED
xml:lang NMTOKEN #IMPLIED" >
<!-- QUESTION WRAP ATTRIBUTES -->
<!-- Attributes for the <question-wrap> element -->
<!ENTITY % question-wrap-atts
"%jats-common-atts;
audience CDATA #IMPLIED
content-type
CDATA #IMPLIED
specific-use
CDATA #IMPLIED
xml:lang NMTOKEN #IMPLIED" >
<!-- QUESTION WRAP GROUP ATTRIBUTES -->
<!-- Attributes for the <question-wrap-group>
element -->
<!ENTITY % question-wrap-group-atts
"%jats-common-atts;
audience CDATA #IMPLIED
content-type
CDATA #IMPLIED
specific-use
CDATA #IMPLIED
xml:lang NMTOKEN #IMPLIED" >
<!-- ANSWER ATTRIBUTES -->
<!-- Attributes for the <answer> element -->
<!ENTITY % answer-atts
"%jats-common-atts;
pointer-to-question
IDREFS #REQUIRED
content-type
CDATA #IMPLIED
specific-use
CDATA #IMPLIED
xml:lang NMTOKEN #IMPLIED" >
<!-- ANSWER SET ATTRIBUTES -->
<!-- Attributes for the <answer-set> element -->
<!ENTITY % answer-set-atts
"%jats-common-atts;
content-type
CDATA #IMPLIED
specific-use
CDATA #IMPLIED
xml:lang NMTOKEN #IMPLIED" >
<!-- EXPLANATION ATTRIBUTES -->
<!-- Attributes for the <explanation> element -->
<!ENTITY % explanation-atts
"%jats-common-atts;
pointer-to-explained
IDREFS #REQUIRED
content-type
CDATA #IMPLIED
specific-use
CDATA #IMPLIED
xml:lang NMTOKEN #IMPLIED" >
<!-- OPTION ATTRIBUTES -->
<!-- Attributes for the <option> element -->
<!ENTITY % option-atts
"%jats-common-atts;
correct (yes | no) #IMPLIED
content-type
CDATA #IMPLIED
specific-use
CDATA #IMPLIED
xml:lang NMTOKEN #IMPLIED" >
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- QUESTION ELEMENTS -->
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- QUESTION MODEL -->
<!-- Content model for the <question> element. -->
<!ENTITY % question-model
"((%id.class;)*, sec-meta?,
label?, title?, subtitle*, alt-title*,
( (%sec-level;)+ |
( (%para-level;)+, (%sec-level;)* ) ),
(%option.class;)*,
(%sec-back-matter-mix;)* )" >
<!-- QUESTION -->
<!-- A question (request for an answer) used in
the text or as part of a quiz, exam, etc.
Details at:
http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/extensions/bits/2.0/index.html?elem=question
-->
<!ELEMENT question %question-model; >
<!ATTLIST question
%question-atts; >
<!-- QUESTION WRAP MODEL -->
<!-- Content model for the <question-wrap>
element. -->
<!ENTITY % question-wrap-model
"((%id.class;)*, question,
(answer | answer-set)?, explanation*)" >
<!-- QUESTION WRAP -->
<!-- Used to model a Question/Answer scheme. These
questions may be used, for example, for the
Continuing Medical Education articles in a
book of articles. The model allows for
simple questions followed by their
corresponding answers or for a multiple
choice setup, where questions are followed
by multiple alternative answers (<option>s),
along with the correct answer and an
explanation.
Note: This is not the model for a full
quiz, test, exam, etc., but such a model
could be built using these components for
the question/answers.
Details at:
http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/extensions/bits/2.0/index.html?elem=question-wrap
-->
<!ELEMENT question-wrap
%question-wrap-model; >
<!ATTLIST question-wrap
%question-wrap-atts; >
<!-- QUESTION WRAP GROUP MODEL -->
<!-- Content model for the <question-wrap-group>
element. -->
<!ENTITY % question-wrap-group-model
"((%id.class;)*,
label?, title?, subtitle*, alt-title*,
question-preamble?,
(%question-wrap.class;)+ )" >
<!-- QUESTION WRAP GROUP -->
<!-- A container element used to hold a group of
<question-wrap> elements, for example, when
all the questions share a common preamble
(setup).
Note: This is not the model for a full
quiz, test, exam, etc., but such a model
could be built using these components for
the question/answers.
Details at:
http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/extensions/bits/2.0/index.html?elem=question-wrap-group
-->
<!ELEMENT question-wrap-group
%question-wrap-group-model; >
<!ATTLIST question-wrap-group
%question-wrap-group-atts; >
<!-- QUESTION PREAMBLE MODEL -->
<!-- Content model for the <question-preamble>
element. -->
<!ENTITY % question-preamble-model
"((%id.class;)*,
label?, title?, subtitle*, alt-title*,
(%para-level;)*, (%sec.class;)* )" >
<!-- QUESTION PREAMBLE -->
<!-- A container element used setup/
preamble information when the setup is shared
by several questions, for example, a diagram
is shown and the questions are similar to
"What is angle a?".
Remarks: The preamble information is part of
a <question-wrap-group> that contains the
preamble/setup (<question-preamble>) and
several questions (tagged as <question-wrap>s).
Details at:
http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/extensions/bits/2.0/index.html?elem=question-preamble
-->
<!ELEMENT question-preamble
%question-preamble-model; >
<!ATTLIST question-preamble
%question-preamble-atts; >
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- ANSWER/EXPLANATION ELEMENTS -->
<!-- ============================================================= -->
<!-- ANSWER MODEL -->
<!-- Content model for the <answer> element. -->
<!ENTITY % answer-model
"((%id.class;)*,
label?, title?, subtitle*, alt-title*,
( (%sec-level;)+ |
( (%answer-para-level;)+,
(%sec-level;)* ) ),
(%sec-back-matter-mix;)*,
explanation*)" >
<!-- ANSWER ELEMENTS -->
<!-- An answer to a question
Details at:
http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/extensions/bits/2.0/index.html?elem=answer
-->
<!ELEMENT answer %answer-model; >
<!ATTLIST answer
%answer-atts; >
<!-- ANSWER SET MODEL -->
<!-- Content model for the <answer-set> element.-->
<!ENTITY % answer-set-model
"((%id.class;)*,
label?, title?, subtitle*, alt-title*,
(answer | %just-para.class; |
explanation)+)" >
<!-- ANSWER SET -->
<!-- A series of answers, typically in response
to a question.
Details at:
http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/extensions/bits/2.0/index.html?elem=answer-set
-->
<!ELEMENT answer-set %answer-set-model; >
<!ATTLIST answer-set
%answer-set-atts; >
<!-- EXPLANATION MODEL -->
<!-- Content model for the <answer-set> element.-->
<!ENTITY % explanation-model
"((%id.class;)*,
label?, title?, subtitle*, alt-title*,
( (%sec-level;)+ |
( (%answer-para-level;)+,
(%sec-level;)* ) ),
(%sec-back-matter-mix;)*)" >
<!-- EXPLANATION -->
<!-- A description of a question/answer or of just
an answer or answer set. The explanation
may describe, for example, why this
particular answer is incorrect, or where in
the text the material for this question
can be found, et al.
Details at:
http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/extensions/bits/2.0/index.html?elem=explanation
-->
<!ELEMENT explanation %explanation-model; >
<!ATTLIST explanation
%explanation-atts; >
<!-- OPTION MODEL -->
<!-- Content model for the <option> element. -->
<!ENTITY % option-model
"((%id.class;)*,
label?, title?, subtitle*, alt-title*,
( (%sec-level;)+ |
( (%answer-para-level;)+,
(%sec-level;)* ) ),
(%sec-back-matter-mix;)*,
explanation*)" >
<!-- OPTION ELEMENTS -->
<!-- One of the possible answer-choices for a
multiple-choice question. An attribute can be
used to identify options which are correct.
Details at:
http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/extensions/bits/2.0/index.html?elem=option
-->
<!ELEMENT option %option-model; >
<!ATTLIST option
%option-atts; >
<!-- ================== End BITS Question and Answer Module ====== -->