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Delaunator Build Status

An incredibly fast JavaScript library for Delaunay triangulation of 2D points.

Delaunay triangulation example

Projects based on Delaunator

  • d3-delaunay for Voronoi diagrams, search, traversal and rendering (a part of D3).
  • d3-geo-voronoi for Delaunay triangulations and Voronoi diagrams on a sphere (e.g. for geographic locations).

Ports to other languages

Example

const points = [[168, 180], [168, 178], [168, 179], [168, 181], [168, 183], ...];

const delaunay = Delaunator.from(points);
console.log(delaunay.triangles);
// [623, 636, 619,  636, 444, 619, ...]

Install

Install with NPM (npm install delaunator) or Yarn (yarn add delaunator), then:

// import as an ES module
import Delaunator from 'delaunator';

// or require in Node / Browserify
const Delaunator = require('delaunator');

Or use a browser build directly:

<script src="https://unpkg.com/[email protected]/delaunator.min.js"></script> <!-- minified build -->
<script src="https://unpkg.com/[email protected]/delaunator.js"></script> <!-- dev build -->

API Reference

Delaunator.from(points[, getX, getY])

Constructs a delaunay triangulation object given an array of points ([x, y] by default). getX and getY are optional functions of the form (point) => value for custom point formats. Duplicate points are skipped.

new Delaunator(coords)

Constructs a delaunay triangulation object given an array of point coordinates of the form: [x0, y0, x1, y1, ...] (use a typed array for best performance).

delaunay.triangles

A Uint32Array array of triangle vertex indices (each group of three numbers forms a triangle). All triangles are directed counterclockwise.

To get the coordinates of all triangles, use:

for (let i = 0; i < triangles.length; i += 3) {
    coordinates.push([
        points[triangles[i]],
        points[triangles[i + 1]],
        points[triangles[i + 2]]
    ]);
}

delaunay.halfedges

A Int32Array array of triangle half-edge indices that allows you to traverse the triangulation. i-th half-edge in the array corresponds to vertex triangles[i] the half-edge is coming from. halfedges[i] is the index of a twin half-edge in an adjacent triangle (or -1 for outer half-edges on the convex hull).

The flat array-based data structures might be counterintuitive, but they're one of the key reasons this library is fast.

delaunay.hull

A Uint32Array array of indices that reference points on the convex hull of the input data, counter-clockwise.

delaunay.coords

An array of input coordinates in the form [x0, y0, x1, y1, ....], of the type provided in the constructor (or Float64Array if you used Delaunator.from).

delaunay.update()

Updates the triangulation if you modified delaunay.coords values in place, avoiding expensive memory allocations. Useful for iterative relaxation algorithms such as Lloyd's.

Performance

Benchmark results against other Delaunay JS libraries (npm run bench on Macbook Pro Retina 15" 2017, Node v10.10.0):

  uniform 100k gauss 100k grid 100k degen 100k uniform 1 million gauss 1 million grid 1 million degen 1 million
delaunator 82ms 61ms 66ms 25ms 1.07s 950ms 830ms 278ms
faster‑delaunay 473ms 411ms 272ms 68ms 4.27s 4.62s 4.3s 810ms
incremental‑delaunay 547ms 505ms 172ms 528ms 5.9s 6.08s 2.11s 6.09s
d3‑voronoi 972ms 909ms 358ms 720ms 15.04s 13.86s 5.55s 11.13s
delaunay‑fast 3.8s 4s 12.57s timeout 132s 138s 399s timeout
delaunay 4.85s 5.73s 15.05s timeout 156s 178s 326s timeout
delaunay‑triangulate 2.24s 2.04s OOM 1.51s OOM OOM OOM OOM
cdt2d 45s 51s 118s 17s timeout timeout timeout timeout

Papers

The algorithm is based on ideas from the following papers: