diff --git a/doc/source/whatsnew/v3.0.0.rst b/doc/source/whatsnew/v3.0.0.rst
index fbf2bed550c85..120ee978292d6 100644
--- a/doc/source/whatsnew/v3.0.0.rst
+++ b/doc/source/whatsnew/v3.0.0.rst
@@ -764,7 +764,7 @@ ExtensionArray
 
 Styler
 ^^^^^^
--
+- Bug in :meth:`Styler.to_latex` where styling column headers when combined with a hidden index or hidden index-levels is fixed.
 
 Other
 ^^^^^
diff --git a/pandas/io/formats/style_render.py b/pandas/io/formats/style_render.py
index ecfe3de10c829..c0f0608f1ab32 100644
--- a/pandas/io/formats/style_render.py
+++ b/pandas/io/formats/style_render.py
@@ -868,7 +868,8 @@ def _translate_latex(self, d: dict, clines: str | None) -> None:
             or multirow sparsification (so that \multirow and \multicol work correctly).
         """
         index_levels = self.index.nlevels
-        visible_index_level_n = index_levels - sum(self.hide_index_)
+        # GH 52218
+        visible_index_level_n = max(1, index_levels - sum(self.hide_index_))
         d["head"] = [
             [
                 {**col, "cellstyle": self.ctx_columns[r, c - visible_index_level_n]}
diff --git a/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_latex.py b/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_latex.py
index 1de53993fe646..8d46442611719 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_latex.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/io/formats/test_to_latex.py
@@ -1405,3 +1405,88 @@ def test_to_latex_multiindex_multirow(self):
             """
         )
         assert result == expected
+
+    def test_to_latex_multiindex_format_single_index_hidden(self):
+        # GH 52218
+        df = DataFrame(
+            {
+                "A": [1, 2],
+                "B": [4, 5],
+            }
+        )
+        result = (
+            df.style.hide(axis="index")
+            .map_index(lambda v: "textbf:--rwrap;", axis="columns")
+            .to_latex()
+        )
+        expected = _dedent(r"""
+            \begin{tabular}{rr}
+            \textbf{A} & \textbf{B} \\
+            1 & 4 \\
+            2 & 5 \\
+            \end{tabular}
+            """)
+        assert result == expected
+
+    def test_to_latex_multiindex_format_triple_index_two_hidden(self):
+        # GH 52218
+        arrays = [
+            ["A", "A", "B", "B"],
+            ["one", "two", "one", "two"],
+            ["x", "x", "y", "y"],
+        ]
+        index = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays(
+            arrays, names=["Level 0", "Level 1", "Level 2"]
+        )
+        df = DataFrame(
+            [[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]],
+            index=index,
+            columns=["C1", "C2", "C3"],
+        )
+        result = (
+            df.style.hide(axis="index", level=[0, 1])
+            .map_index(lambda v: "textbf:--rwrap;", axis="columns")
+            .to_latex()
+        )
+        expected = _dedent(r"""
+            \begin{tabular}{lrrr}
+             & \textbf{C1} & \textbf{C2} & \textbf{C3} \\
+            Level 2 &  &  &  \\
+            x & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
+            x & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
+            y & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
+            y & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
+            \end{tabular}
+            """)
+        assert result == expected
+
+    def test_to_latex_multiindex_format_triple_index_all_hidden(self):
+        # GH 52218
+        arrays = [
+            ["A", "A", "B", "B"],
+            ["one", "two", "one", "two"],
+            ["x", "x", "y", "y"],
+        ]
+        index = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays(
+            arrays, names=["Level 0", "Level 1", "Level 2"]
+        )
+        df = DataFrame(
+            [[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]],
+            index=index,
+            columns=["C1", "C2", "C3"],
+        )
+        result = (
+            df.style.hide(axis="index", level=[0, 1, 2])
+            .map_index(lambda v: "textbf:--rwrap;", axis="columns")
+            .to_latex()
+        )
+        expected = _dedent(r"""
+            \begin{tabular}{rrr}
+            \textbf{C1} & \textbf{C2} & \textbf{C3} \\
+            0 & 0 & 0 \\
+            0 & 0 & 0 \\
+            0 & 0 & 0 \\
+            0 & 0 & 0 \\
+            \end{tabular}
+            """)
+        assert result == expected