diff --git a/integ-test/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/legacy/CursorIT.java b/integ-test/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/legacy/CursorIT.java
index e4ba593844..565c40b121 100644
--- a/integ-test/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/legacy/CursorIT.java
+++ b/integ-test/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/legacy/CursorIT.java
@@ -280,7 +280,9 @@ public void testRegressionOnDateFormatChange() throws IOException {
         Arrays.asList(
             "2015-01-01 00:00:00.000",
             "2015-01-01 12:10:30.000",
-            "1585882955", // by existing design, this is not formatted in MySQL standard format
+            // Conversion will be applied when dateTime is stored on unix timestamp,
+            // https://github.com/opensearch-project/sql/pull/3160
+            "2020-04-03 03:02:35.000",
             "2020-04-08 06:10:30.000");
 
     assertThat(actualDateList, equalTo(expectedDateList));
diff --git a/legacy/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/legacy/executor/format/DateFieldFormatter.java b/legacy/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/legacy/executor/format/DateFieldFormatter.java
index dc239abd84..feba13d139 100644
--- a/legacy/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/legacy/executor/format/DateFieldFormatter.java
+++ b/legacy/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/legacy/executor/format/DateFieldFormatter.java
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.opensearch.sql.legacy.esdomain.LocalClusterState;
 import org.opensearch.sql.legacy.esdomain.mapping.FieldMappings;
+import org.opensearch.sql.legacy.utils.StringUtils;
 
 /** Formatter to transform date fields into a consistent format for consumption by clients. */
 public class DateFieldFormatter {
@@ -83,7 +84,6 @@ public void applyJDBCDateFormat(Map<String, Object> rowSource) {
       Date date = parseDateString(formats, columnOriginalDate.toString());
       if (date != null) {
         rowSource.put(columnName, DateFormat.getFormattedDate(date, FORMAT_JDBC));
-        break;
       } else {
         LOG.warn("Could not parse date value; returning original value");
       }
@@ -152,15 +152,27 @@ private Date parseDateString(List<String> formats, String columnOriginalDate) {
         switch (columnFormat) {
           case "date_optional_time":
           case "strict_date_optional_time":
-            parsedDate =
-                DateUtils.parseDate(
-                    columnOriginalDate,
-                    FORMAT_DOT_OPENSEARCH_DASHBOARDS_SAMPLE_DATA_LOGS_EXCEPTION,
-                    FORMAT_DOT_OPENSEARCH_DASHBOARDS_SAMPLE_DATA_FLIGHTS_EXCEPTION,
-                    FORMAT_DOT_OPENSEARCH_DASHBOARDS_SAMPLE_DATA_FLIGHTS_EXCEPTION_NO_TIME,
-                    FORMAT_DOT_OPENSEARCH_DASHBOARDS_SAMPLE_DATA_ECOMMERCE_EXCEPTION,
-                    FORMAT_DOT_DATE_AND_TIME,
-                    FORMAT_DOT_DATE);
+            // It's possible to have date stored in second / millisecond form without explicit
+            // format hint.
+            // Parse it on a best-effort basis.
+            if (StringUtils.isNumeric(columnOriginalDate)) {
+              long timestamp = Long.parseLong(columnOriginalDate);
+              if (timestamp > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
+                parsedDate = new Date(timestamp);
+              } else {
+                parsedDate = new Date(timestamp * 1000);
+              }
+            } else {
+              parsedDate =
+                  DateUtils.parseDate(
+                      columnOriginalDate,
+                      FORMAT_DOT_OPENSEARCH_DASHBOARDS_SAMPLE_DATA_LOGS_EXCEPTION,
+                      FORMAT_DOT_OPENSEARCH_DASHBOARDS_SAMPLE_DATA_FLIGHTS_EXCEPTION,
+                      FORMAT_DOT_OPENSEARCH_DASHBOARDS_SAMPLE_DATA_FLIGHTS_EXCEPTION_NO_TIME,
+                      FORMAT_DOT_OPENSEARCH_DASHBOARDS_SAMPLE_DATA_ECOMMERCE_EXCEPTION,
+                      FORMAT_DOT_DATE_AND_TIME,
+                      FORMAT_DOT_DATE);
+            }
             break;
           case "epoch_millis":
             parsedDate = new Date(Long.parseLong(columnOriginalDate));
diff --git a/legacy/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/legacy/executor/format/DateFieldFormatterTest.java b/legacy/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/legacy/executor/format/DateFieldFormatterTest.java
index 1c2d1bae62..7d43ea0383 100644
--- a/legacy/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/legacy/executor/format/DateFieldFormatterTest.java
+++ b/legacy/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/legacy/executor/format/DateFieldFormatterTest.java
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ public void testIncorrectFormat() {
     String dateFormat = "date_optional_time";
     String originalDateValue = "1581724085";
     // Invalid format for date value; should return original value
-    String expectedDateValue = "1581724085";
+    String expectedDateValue = "2020-02-14 23:48:05.000";
 
     verifyFormatting(columnName, dateFormat, originalDateValue, expectedDateValue);
   }
@@ -609,6 +609,24 @@ public void testStrictDateOptionalTimeOrEpochMillsShouldPass() {
     verifyFormatting(columnName, dateFormat, originalDateValue, expectedDateValue);
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void testDateInTimestampFormInSecondWithoutHint() {
+    String columnName = "date_field";
+    String dateFormat = "date_optional_time";
+    String originalDateValue = "1732057981";
+    String expectedDateValue = "2024-11-19 23:13:01.000";
+    verifyFormatting(columnName, dateFormat, originalDateValue, expectedDateValue);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testDateInTimestampFormInMilliSecondWithoutHint() {
+    String columnName = "date_field";
+    String dateFormat = "date_optional_time";
+    String originalDateValue = "1732057981000";
+    String expectedDateValue = "2024-11-19 23:13:01.000";
+    verifyFormatting(columnName, dateFormat, originalDateValue, expectedDateValue);
+  }
+
   private void verifyFormatting(
       String columnName,
       String dateFormatProperty,