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JPEG 2000

JPEG 2000 is a video compression standard. It is a successor to the JPEG standard that uses a Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) rather than a Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). The JPEG 2000 core video compression is specified in ISO/IEC 15444-1 / ITU T.800.

The wrapping of JPEG 2000 codestreams in MXF is specified in SMPTE ST 422.

The primary goal of the implementation in bmx is to support creation of MXF sample files that meet the IMF Application #2E Amendment 1 constraints, demonstrating MXF wrapping of UHD video that uses the Hybrid Log Gamma (HLG) transfer function referenced by ITU-R BT.2100.

The implementation currently supports MXF OP-1A, YCbCr and RGB component video using a progressive frame layout.

MXF Wrapping Tools

The raw2bmx tool can be used to wrap JPEG 2000 codestreams in MXF. There are 2 options for specifying a JPEG 2000 codestream input,

  • --j2c_cdci: input contains JPEG 2000 coded YCbCr video, requiring an MXF CDCI file descriptor
  • --j2c_rgba: input contains JPEG 2000 coded RGB video, requiring an MXF RGBA file descriptor

The input argument is either a name for a file containing all frames or a file pattern that identifies a sequence of frame files.

The file pattern must include a %d to specify the location of the integer number in the file name; the number determines the file order. For example --j2c_cdci inputs/frame_%d.j2c can be used for an inputs/ directory containing files frame_0001.j2c, frame_0002.j2c, frame_0003.j2c, etc.

The --fill-pattern-gaps option can be used to fill in gaps in the file numbers by repeating the previous frame. This is useful for static content such as colour bars. For example, frames 2 to 49 are generated by repeating the contents of frame_0001.j2c when given frame_0001.j2c, frame_0050.j2c, frame_0051.j2c, etc. as inputs.

Below is an example commandline for generating an IMF compliant MXF OP-1A file containing BT 2020 UHD, HLG transfer function, 25 Hz, YCbCr video,

   raw2bmx \
        -t op1a \
        -o output.mxf \
        --clip "YCbCr example" \
        --part 60s \
        -f 25 \
        -a 16:9 \
        --frame-layout fullframe \
        --transfer-ch hlg \
        --coding-eq bt2020 \
        --color-prim bt2020 \
        --color-siting cositing \
        --black-level 64 \
        --white-level 940 \
        --color-range 897 \
        --display-primaries 35400,14600,8500,39850,6550,2300 \
        --display-white-point 15635,16450 \
        --display-max-luma 10000000 \
        --display-min-luma 50 \
        --fill-pattern-gaps \
        --j2c_cdci ycbcr_input/frame_%d.j2c

The JPEG 2000 codestream does not include a frame rate and that's why the -f 25 option is used to specify 25 Hz. The same applies to the other options that are there to provide metadata that does not exist in the codestream.

This example also includes mastering display color volume metadata (--display-xxx) as specified in IMF Application #2E Amendment 1.

The --part 60s option ensures a new MXF partition is created every 60 seconds, as is required by the IMF ST 2067-2 core constraints partition spacing constraint.

A similar commandline for RGB is shown below, where the main difference is the use of component reference levels and scanning direction options.

    raw2bmx \
        -t op1a \
        -o output.mxf \
        --clip "RGB example" \
        --part 60s \
        -f 25 \
        -a 16:9 \
        --frame-layout fullframe \
        --transfer-ch hlg \
        --coding-eq bt2020 \
        --color-prim bt2020 \
        --comp-max-ref 940 \
        --comp-min-ref 64 \
        --scan-dir 0 \
        --display-primaries 35400,14600,8500,39850,6550,2300 \
        --display-white-point 15635,16450 \
        --display-max-luma 10000000 \
        --display-min-luma 50 \
        --fill-pattern-gaps \
        --j2c_rgba rgb_inputs/frame_%d.j2c

The bmxtranswrap tool can be used to re-wrap an input MXF file to another MXF file. It has options to set or override metadata. An example commandline is shown below,

    bmxtranswrap \
        -t op1a \
        -o output.mxf \
        --clip "A re-wrapped example" \
        --part 60s \
        --transfer-ch hlg \
        --display-primaries 35400,14600,8500,39850,6550,2300 \
        --display-white-point 15635,16450 \
        --display-max-luma 10000000 \
        --display-min-luma 50 \
        input.mxf

In this example the transfer function (/characteristic) was corrected to be HLG and mastering display color volume metadata was added.

Analysis and Extraction Tools

The j2cdump tool can be used to output a text dump of a JPEG 2000 codestream file. It is a useful tool for seeing the low-level syntax and metadata contained in the codestream. It is used to troubleshoot issues with source content.

The bmxparse tool provides a higher level metadata view of frames in a JPEG 2000 codestream file. It outputs the metadata parsed by the J2CEssenceParser class. It is useful to show the metadata that is extracted by bmx for inclusion in the MXF wrapper.

The jp2extract tool can be used to extract JPEG 2000 codestreams from the jp2c box in a JP2 file as specified in ISO/IEC 15444-1 / ITU T.800 Annex I. Metadata that was included in the JP2 wrapper will need to be manually transferred to the MXF wrapper using the raw2bmx commandline options.