diff --git a/packages/nextclade-web/src/components/Help/SelectGeneHelp.tsx b/packages/nextclade-web/src/components/Help/SelectGeneHelp.tsx
index 533ac42f5..89a3bcc6f 100644
--- a/packages/nextclade-web/src/components/Help/SelectGeneHelp.tsx
+++ b/packages/nextclade-web/src/components/Help/SelectGeneHelp.tsx
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export function SelectGeneHelp() {
 
       <p>
         {t(
-          'This allows to switch sequence views between nucleotide sequence and peptides (translated CDSes; only available if the dataset contains {{genome annotation}}).',
+          'This allows to switch sequence views between nucleotide sequence and peptides (translated CDSes; only available if the dataset provides a genome annotation).',
         )}
       </p>
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ export function SelectGeneHelp() {
       <HelpTipsColumnSeqViewNucLegend />
 
       <p>
-        {t('Mouse hover on a mutation marker to show details of that mutation.')}
+        {t('Mouse hover on a mutation marker to show details of that mutation and its neighborhood in the alignment.')}
         <br />
         {t("Unsequenced regions at the 5' and 3' end are indicated as light gray areas on both ends.")}
         <br />
@@ -48,11 +48,11 @@ export function SelectGeneHelp() {
 
       <hr />
 
-      <h5>{t('Peptide mode')}</h5>
+      <h5>{t('Peptide/protein mode')}</h5>
 
       <p>
         {t(
-          'When a CDS is selected, each row displays a schema of the corresponding translated peptide sequence by highlighting the differences compared to the reference sequence along the genome.',
+          'When a CDS is selected, each row displays a schema of the corresponding translated amino acid sequence by highlighting the differences to the corresponding peptide in the reference/target. Note that the CDS might be split into multiple segments or be located on the reverse strand.',
         )}
         <br />
         {t(
diff --git a/packages/nextclade-web/src/components/Help/SelectRefNodeHelp.tsx b/packages/nextclade-web/src/components/Help/SelectRefNodeHelp.tsx
index d72699cb4..8a2a63a0f 100644
--- a/packages/nextclade-web/src/components/Help/SelectRefNodeHelp.tsx
+++ b/packages/nextclade-web/src/components/Help/SelectRefNodeHelp.tsx
@@ -10,22 +10,23 @@ export function SelectRefNodeHelp() {
   return (
     <InfoButton color="link">
       <h5>{t('Select target for mutation calling.')}</h5>
+      <p>{t('The sequence view below shows differences between each query sequence and a "comparison target" that can be selected using this dropdown. Possible options are:')}</p>
 
       <Ul>
-        <Li>{t('"Reference" - shows mutations relative to the reference sequence (as defined in the dataset)')}</Li>
+        <Li>{t('"Reference" - shows mutations relative to the reference sequence (as defined in the dataset).')}</Li>
         <Li>
           {t(
-            '"Parent" - shows private mutations, i.e. mutations relative to the parent (nearest) node to which the query sample has been attached to during phylogenetic placement.',
+            '"Parent" - shows private mutations, i.e. mutations relative to the parent (nearest) node of the reference tree to which the query sample has been attached to during phylogenetic placement.',
           )}
         </Li>
         <Li>
           {t(
-            '"Clade founder" - shows mutations relative to the founder of the clade that has been assigned to the query sample',
+            '"Clade founder" - shows mutations relative to the founder of the clade that has been assigned to the query sample. Note that queries from different clades will be compared with different targets in this case.',
           )}
         </Li>
         <Li>
           {t(
-            'Entries of format "\'<attribute>\' founder" show mutations relative to the founder node of a particular clade-like attribute  (if any defined in the dataset). Dataset authors may choose to exclude certain attributes.',
+            'Entries of format "\'<attribute>\' founder" show mutations relative to the founder node of a particular clade-like attribute  (if any are defined in the dataset). Dataset authors may choose to exclude certain attributes.',
           )}
         </Li>
         <Li>