[Feature Request] Include and expose protobuf serialization / deserialization in the JS interface (ideally in onnxruntime-common)

[wbeardall]

Describe the feature request

For certain use-cases, I find myself wanting to pass around serialized representations of data efficiently, both for caching and efficient transfer between machines. As such, exposing protobuf-based serialization and deserialization in the JS interfaces, in a manner similar to the helpers from the Python library, would be very beneficial. As-is, there does not seem to be a straightforward way to convert ONNX-serialized objects to their JS interface version, and vice versa, directly in the interface.

Describe scenario use case

This feature would be very useful for handling short-term and intermediate-term caching of tensor objects during runtime, as well as passing serialized tensors across different machines or environments. This would be particularly useful for cases where passing tensors efficiently between Python and JS environments is required.