+ 
+
+
+ Git Commands
++
+
+
+
+ Introduction to Git
+Git is a distributed version control system renowned for its ability to manage projects of various scales + with efficiency and speed. Originally developed by Linus Torvalds for managing the Linux kernel + development, + Git has become an essential tool in modern software development.
+ +Its distributed nature allows developers to work offline, commit changes locally, and synchronize their + work + with remote repositories seamlessly. Git tracks changes to files, enabling developers to revert to + previous + versions, manage different branches for feature development, and collaborate effectively across teams. +
+ +Used extensively in both open-source and proprietary projects, Git's popularity stems from its + robustness, + scalability, and the rich ecosystem of tools and services built around it. Whether you're working on a + small + personal project or coordinating with a global team on a large-scale application, Git provides the + foundation + for efficient version control and collaborative software development.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Installing Git
+ +To install Git on your Windows machine, follow these steps:
+-
+
- Download Git from the official Git website: Git for Windows +
- Run the downloaded installer file and follow the installation instructions. +
- During installation, you can customize settings as per your preference. +
- Once installed, open Git Bash or Git GUI to start using Git commands. +
+
+
+ Command 1:
+ git init+
+ Initializes a new Git repository.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git initcreates an empty Git repository or reinitializes an existing one.
+
.git directory is created in the current directory.
+
+
+
+ Command 2:
+ git clone <repository-url>+
+ Clones a repository into a new directory.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git clone <repository-url>copies an existing Git repository to your local + machine.
+
+
+
+ Command 3:
+ git status+
+ Displays the state of the working directory and staging area.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git statusshows which changes have been staged, which haven't, and which files + aren't + being tracked by Git.
+
+
+
+ Command 4:
+ git add <file>+
+ Adds changes in the working directory to the staging area.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git add <file>stages the specified file, preparing it for a commit.
+
+
+
+ Command 5:
+ git commit -m "Commit message"+
+ Records changes to the repository along with a commit message.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git commit -m "Commit message"commits the staged changes to the repository with + the specified commit message.
+
+
+
+ Command 6:
+ git push origin <branch-name>+
+ Pushes committed changes to a remote repository.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git push origin <branch-name>sends committed changes from your local + repository + to the remote repository specified byorigin.
+
+
+
+ Command 7:
+ git pull+
+ Fetches and merges changes from a remote repository to your local branch.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git pullretrieves new work from the remote repository and integrates it with your + local + branch.
+
+
+
+ Command 8:
+ git branch+
+ Lists all local branches in the current repository.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git branchdisplays a list of all branches in the local repository, highlighting + the + current branch.
+
+
+
+ Command 9:
+ git checkout <branch-name>+
+ Switches to the specified branch.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git checkout <branch-name>changes the current working branch to the + specified + branch.
+
+
+
+ Command 10:
+ git merge <branch-name>+
+ Merges the specified branch into the current branch.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git merge <branch-name>integrates changes from the specified branch into the + current + branch.
+
+
+
+ Command 11:
+ git log+
+ Shows the commit history for the current branch.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git logdisplays a list of commits with details such as hash, author, date, and + message. +
+
+
+
+ Command 12:
+ git reset --hard <commit>+
+ Resets the working directory and index to the specified commit.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git reset --hard <commit>moves the HEAD to the specified commit and discards + all + changes in the working directory and index.
+
+
+
+ Command 13:
+ git stash+
+ Temporarily saves changes in the working directory.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git stashstores modified tracked files, staging area changes, and working + directory + changes to a stash.
+
+
+
+ Command 14:
+ git stash pop+
+ Applies the most recent stash and removes it from the stash list.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git stash poprestores the most recently stashed changes to the working directory + and + removes them from the stash list.
+
+
+
+ Command 15:
+ git remote add <name> <url>+
+ Adds a new remote repository.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git remote add <name> <url>creates a new reference to a remote + repository. +
+
+
+
+ Command 16:
+ git remote -v+
+ Displays the current configured remote repositories.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git remote -vshows the URLs of the remote repositories for fetch and push + operations. +
+
+
+
+ Command 17:
+ git tag <tag-name>+
+ Creates a new tag.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git tag <tag-name>creates a new tag at the current commit.
+
+
+
+ Command 18:
+ git diff+
+ Shows changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git diffdisplays the differences between the working directory and the index.
+
+
+
+ Command 19:
+ git fetch+
+ Downloads objects and refs from another repository.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git fetchretrieves updates from a remote repository without merging them.
+
+
+ Command 20:
+ git rebase <base-branch>+
+ Reapplies commits on top of another base tip.
+
+ Description: +
+ + Description: +
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+
git rebase <base-branch>moves or combines a sequence of commits to a new + base + commit.
+