diff --git a/rules/private/phases/phase_semanticdb.bzl b/rules/private/phases/phase_semanticdb.bzl
index 6553d682..3d2d7f87 100644
--- a/rules/private/phases/phase_semanticdb.bzl
+++ b/rules/private/phases/phase_semanticdb.bzl
@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
 load("@bazel_skylib//lib:paths.bzl", "paths")
-load("@rules_scala_annex//rules:providers.bzl", _ScalaConfiguration = "ScalaConfiguration")
+load(
+    "@rules_scala_annex//rules:providers.bzl",
+    _ScalaConfiguration = "ScalaConfiguration",
+    _SemanticDbInfo = "SemanticDbInfo",
+)
+
+def _semanticdb_directory_from_file(file):
+    return file.path[:file.path.find("META-INF") - 1]
 
 #
 # PHASE: semanticdb
@@ -11,32 +18,47 @@ def phase_semanticdb(ctx, g):
     scala_configuration = ctx.attr.scala[_ScalaConfiguration]
 
     if scala_configuration.semanticdb_bundle:
-        return struct(outputs = [], scalacopts = [])
+        return struct(outputs = [], arguments_modifier = lambda _: None)
 
+    directory_name = "{}/semanticdb".format(ctx.label.name)
     outputs = []
-    semanticdb_directory = paths.join("_semanticdb/", ctx.label.name)
-    semanticdb_target_root = paths.join(paths.dirname(ctx.outputs.jar.path), semanticdb_directory)
 
     for source in ctx.files.srcs:
         if source.extension == "scala":
-            output_filename = paths.join(
-                semanticdb_directory,
+            path = paths.join(
+                directory_name,
                 "META-INF",
                 "semanticdb",
                 "{}.semanticdb".format(source.path),
             )
 
-            outputs.append(ctx.actions.declare_file(output_filename))
+            outputs.append(ctx.actions.declare_file(path))
+
+    def add_scalacopts(arguments):
+        if len(outputs) == 0:
+            return
+
+        if scala_configuration.version.startswith("2"):
+            arguments.add("--compiler_option=-P:semanticdb:failures:error")
+            arguments.add_all(
+                [outputs[0]],
+                format_each = "--compiler_option=-P:semanticdb:targetroot:%s",
+                map_each = _semanticdb_directory_from_file,
+            )
+        else:
+            arguments.add_all(
+                [outputs[0]],
+                format_each = "--compiler_option=-semanticdb-target:%s",
+                map_each = _semanticdb_directory_from_file,
+            )
+
+            arguments.add("--compiler_option=-Ysemanticdb")
 
-    if scala_configuration.version.startswith("2"):
-        scalacopts = [
-            "-P:semanticdb:failures:error",
-            "-P:semanticdb:targetroot:{}".format(semanticdb_target_root),
-        ]
-    else:
-        scalacopts = [
-            "-semanticdb-target:{}".format(semanticdb_target_root),
-            "-Ysemanticdb",
-        ]
+    g.out.providers.append(
+        _SemanticDbInfo(
+            target_root = "{}/{}".format(ctx.label.package, directory_name),
+            semanticdb_files = outputs,
+        ),
+    )
 
-    return struct(outputs = outputs, scalacopts = scalacopts)
+    return struct(outputs = outputs, arguments_modifier = add_scalacopts)
diff --git a/rules/private/phases/phase_zinc_compile.bzl b/rules/private/phases/phase_zinc_compile.bzl
index c57fccdb..2a323c1b 100644
--- a/rules/private/phases/phase_zinc_compile.bzl
+++ b/rules/private/phases/phase_zinc_compile.bzl
@@ -37,10 +37,9 @@ def phase_zinc_compile(ctx, g):
     ]
 
     zincs = [dep[_ZincInfo] for dep in ctx.attr.deps if _ZincInfo in dep]
-    common_scalacopts = scala_configuration.global_scalacopts + ctx.attr.scalacopts + g.semanticdb.scalacopts
+    common_scalacopts = scala_configuration.global_scalacopts + ctx.attr.scalacopts
 
     args = ctx.actions.args()
-
     args.add_all(depset(transitive = [zinc.deps for zinc in zincs]), map_each = _compile_analysis)
     args.add("--compiler_bridge", zinc_configuration.compiler_bridge)
     args.add_all("--compiler_classpath", g.classpaths.compiler)
@@ -55,8 +54,10 @@ def phase_zinc_compile(ctx, g):
     args.add_all("--plugins", g.classpaths.plugin)
     args.add_all("--source_jars", g.classpaths.src_jars)
     args.add("--tmp", tmp.path)
-
     args.add("--log_level", zinc_configuration.log_level)
+
+    g.semanticdb.arguments_modifier(args)
+
     args.add_all("--", g.classpaths.srcs)
     args.set_param_file_format("multiline")
     args.use_param_file("@%s", use_always = True)
diff --git a/rules/providers.bzl b/rules/providers.bzl
index f602f488..ada2c31d 100644
--- a/rules/providers.bzl
+++ b/rules/providers.bzl
@@ -207,3 +207,11 @@ LabeledJars = provider(
         "values": "The preorder depset of label and jars.",
     },
 )
+
+SemanticDbInfo = provider(
+    doc = "Provided by the Scala rules when `semanticdb_bundle` is set to `False`.",
+    fields = {
+        "target_root": "The directory in which SemanticDB files were outputted.",
+        "semanticdb_files": "The SemanticDB files.",
+    },
+)
diff --git a/tests/plugins/semanticdb/BUILD b/tests/plugins/semanticdb/BUILD
index 293ed382..af8698e5 100644
--- a/tests/plugins/semanticdb/BUILD
+++ b/tests/plugins/semanticdb/BUILD
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 load("@rules_scala_annex//rules:scala.bzl", "configure_zinc_scala", "scala_library")
 load("@rules_scala_annex//rules/scala:workspace.bzl", "scala_2_13_version", "scala_3_version")
+load(":rule.bzl", "read_semanticdb_info")
 
 configure_zinc_scala(
     name = "scala_2_13_with_semanticdb",
@@ -39,9 +40,26 @@ scala_library(
     tags = ["manual"],
 )
 
+read_semanticdb_info(
+    name = "semanticdb-2_13-semanticdb-info",
+    scala_target = ":semanticdb-2_13",
+)
+
 scala_library(
     name = "semanticdb-3",
     srcs = glob(["*.scala"]),
     scala = ":scala_3_with_semanticdb",
     tags = ["manual"],
 )
+
+read_semanticdb_info(
+    name = "semanticdb-3-semanticdb-info",
+    scala_target = ":semanticdb-3",
+)
+
+scala_library(
+    name = "semanticdb-empty",
+    srcs = [],
+    scala = ":scala_2_13_with_semanticdb",
+    tags = ["manual"],
+)
diff --git a/tests/plugins/semanticdb/rule.bzl b/tests/plugins/semanticdb/rule.bzl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7697ad3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/plugins/semanticdb/rule.bzl
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+load("@rules_scala_annex//rules:providers.bzl", "SemanticDbInfo")
+
+def _read_semanticdb_info_impl(ctx):
+    semanticdb_info = ctx.attr.scala_target[SemanticDbInfo]
+    output = ctx.actions.declare_file("{}.txt".format(ctx.label.name))
+
+    ctx.actions.write(
+        output,
+        json.encode({
+            "targetRoot": semanticdb_info.target_root,
+            "semanticDbFiles": sorted([file.path for file in semanticdb_info.semanticdb_files]),
+        }),
+    )
+
+    return DefaultInfo(files = depset([output]))
+
+read_semanticdb_info = rule(
+    attrs = {
+        "scala_target": attr.label(
+            mandatory = True,
+            providers = [SemanticDbInfo],
+        ),
+    },
+    implementation = _read_semanticdb_info_impl,
+)
diff --git a/tests/plugins/semanticdb/test b/tests/plugins/semanticdb/test
index 261bd37e..fbcf104f 100755
--- a/tests/plugins/semanticdb/test
+++ b/tests/plugins/semanticdb/test
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 #!/bin/bash -e
 . "$(dirname "$0")"/../../common.sh
 
+bazel_bin="$(bazel info bazel-bin)"
+
 check_for_semanticdb_files() {
 	for filename in "A.scala.semanticdb" "B.scala.semanticdb"; do
-		path="../../bazel-bin/plugins/semanticdb/_semanticdb/semanticdb-$1/META-INF/semanticdb/plugins/semanticdb/$filename"
+		path="../../bazel-bin/plugins/semanticdb/semanticdb-$1/semanticdb/META-INF/semanticdb/plugins/semanticdb/$filename"
 
 		if [ ! -f "$path" ]; then
 			echo "Error: $path doesn't exist"
@@ -12,7 +14,22 @@ check_for_semanticdb_files() {
 	done
 }
 
+check_semanticdb_info() {
+	bazel build ":semanticdb-$1-semanticdb-info"
+
+	output_path="$bazel_bin/plugins/semanticdb/semanticdb-$1-semanticdb-info.txt"
+	semanticdb_file_directory="bazel-out/k8-fastbuild/bin/plugins/semanticdb/semanticdb-$1/semanticdb/META-INF/semanticdb/plugins/semanticdb"
+
+	[ "$(jq ".targetRoot" "$output_path")" = "\"plugins/semanticdb/semanticdb-$1/semanticdb\"" ]
+	[ "$(jq -c ".semanticDbFiles" "$output_path")" = "[\"$semanticdb_file_directory/A.scala.semanticdb\",\"$semanticdb_file_directory/B.scala.semanticdb\"]" ]
+}
+
 bazel build :semanticdb-2_13
 check_for_semanticdb_files 2_13
+check_semanticdb_info 2_13
+
 bazel build :semanticdb-3
 check_for_semanticdb_files '3'
+check_semanticdb_info '3'
+
+bazel build :semanticdb-empty