Introduction_to_PyTorch.ipynb

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  "cells": [
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "view-in-github",
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      "source": [
        "<a href=\"https://colab.research.google.com/github/lifeisbeautifu1/graduate-work/blob/main/Introduction_to_PyTorch.ipynb\" target=\"_parent\"><img src=\"https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg\" alt=\"Open In Colab\"/></a>"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 2,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Br0gT8Ll2LGs",
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          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
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        "outputId": "b32cd121-d1ac-4162-a771-d249abac53f4"
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      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "2.0.1+cu118\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "import torch\n",
        "import pandas as pd\n",
        "import numpy as np\n",
        "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
        "print(torch.__version__)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "scalar = torch.tensor(7)\n",
        "scalar"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "rnSk61fD2hnW",
        "outputId": "db124ff9-be74-4e83-8ea7-197dbe791844"
      },
      "execution_count": 3,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor(7)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 3
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "scalar.ndim"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "OsMolewe3Qtc",
        "outputId": "2a93a143-fd86-4a3a-b3dc-be2b299ce1bb"
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      "execution_count": 7,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "0"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 7
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "vector = torch.tensor([7, 7])\n",
        "vector"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "rJxuJRpI2jal",
        "outputId": "c0b35772-9dc1-4bb2-d414-924f22125923"
      },
      "execution_count": 4,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([7, 7])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "vector.ndim"
      ],
      "metadata": {
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          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
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        "id": "bMFd626f2jnl",
        "outputId": "5f7797be-4429-4a82-ff90-526e727ff5bf"
      },
      "execution_count": 5,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "1"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 5
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "matrix = torch.tensor([[1, 2], [3, 4]])"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "DA5hVKJe3KFd"
      },
      "execution_count": 8,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "matrix"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "k3f5HRLy3Pl1",
        "outputId": "d83527ea-b4a0-4e28-d5b0-a4fa5da36f01"
      },
      "execution_count": 9,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([[1, 2],\n",
              "        [3, 4]])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 9
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "matrix.ndim"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "8FHIxWJE3Psd",
        "outputId": "d2d119ad-9653-4383-fe3b-dc3e2e3be356"
      },
      "execution_count": 10,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "2"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 10
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "matrix.shape"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "OU-0MHwU3PzO",
        "outputId": "f5d05679-c24a-4278-9e84-5b7e1c60474b"
      },
      "execution_count": 11,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "torch.Size([2, 2])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 11
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "tensor = torch.tensor([[[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]], [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]]])\n",
        "tensor"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "gpLVi1qw3P5Z",
        "outputId": "686f7fa9-3adb-4f4f-9196-e966d9933f9b"
      },
      "execution_count": 14,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([[[1, 2, 3],\n",
              "         [1, 2, 3],\n",
              "         [1, 2, 3]],\n",
              "\n",
              "        [[1, 2, 3],\n",
              "         [1, 2, 3],\n",
              "         [1, 2, 3]]])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 14
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "tensor.shape"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "BBpFc9ZZ56pM",
        "outputId": "61475fdc-14c0-4c3d-ef8d-ea75ab7d8053"
      },
      "execution_count": 15,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "torch.Size([2, 3, 3])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 15
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "### Random Tensors"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "TsbkMYPm6nof"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "random_tensor = torch.rand(3, 4)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "_hg6KRST56vq"
      },
      "execution_count": 16,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "random_tensor"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "IZUdQ0tE6OgL",
        "outputId": "31316cb5-ed81-4e81-917b-f9f400582291"
      },
      "execution_count": 17,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([[0.2296, 0.6096, 0.6372, 0.6062],\n",
              "        [0.5942, 0.6529, 0.5581, 0.6178],\n",
              "        [0.7053, 0.5290, 0.2944, 0.7155]])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 17
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "random_image_tensor = torch.rand(size=(256, 256, 3))"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "trurdG8A6Ol8"
      },
      "execution_count": 18,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "random_image_tensor.ndim, random_image_tensor.shape"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "KsFex1tk561z",
        "outputId": "7a2d4e25-e515-4de1-d0bf-92e6e66adfb1"
      },
      "execution_count": 19,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "(3, torch.Size([256, 256, 3]))"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 19
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "Zeros and ones"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "fYW_Lgd48cGh"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "zeros = torch.zeros(size=(3, 4))"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "s6nBU2EA3KLP"
      },
      "execution_count": 20,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "zeros"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "BiEzyy4Y2jun",
        "outputId": "c6e991b4-8454-43fc-dda3-2b89ea024aa8"
      },
      "execution_count": 21,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([[0., 0., 0., 0.],\n",
              "        [0., 0., 0., 0.],\n",
              "        [0., 0., 0., 0.]])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 21
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "ones = torch.ones(size=(3, 4))"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "kcdg1sni2j1D"
      },
      "execution_count": 22,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "ones"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "r1aa1rhL2j7c",
        "outputId": "60d74d17-63c6-462b-e713-85daf8726d92"
      },
      "execution_count": 23,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([[1., 1., 1., 1.],\n",
              "        [1., 1., 1., 1.],\n",
              "        [1., 1., 1., 1.]])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 23
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "Range\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "BINEMj468sGs"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "torch.range(0, 10)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "3VCQh1kD8mB0",
        "outputId": "da1943e3-c29a-4232-8e0c-0fb5efb06d42"
      },
      "execution_count": 24,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stderr",
          "text": [
            "<ipython-input-24-cf0dcdb325c8>:1: UserWarning: torch.range is deprecated and will be removed in a future release because its behavior is inconsistent with Python's range builtin. Instead, use torch.arange, which produces values in [start, end).\n",
            "  torch.range(0, 10)\n"
          ]
        },
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([ 0.,  1.,  2.,  3.,  4.,  5.,  6.,  7.,  8.,  9., 10.])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 24
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "torch.arange(0, 10)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "KFxGu3gi8mee",
        "outputId": "04a3f92b-7bca-4c1d-e28c-86f92d379aea"
      },
      "execution_count": 26,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 26
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "Tensors datatypes\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "QsvXlp8Y9WEJ"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "float_32_tensor = torch.tensor([3.0, 6.0, 9.0],\n",
        "                               dtype=None,\n",
        "                               device=None,\n",
        "                               requires_grad=False)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "kArqvOIl8mj5"
      },
      "execution_count": 28,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "float_32_tensor.dtype"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "_93hGMxB8mpl",
        "outputId": "6897ab1b-450b-446f-d056-bc763c5c9ca8"
      },
      "execution_count": 29,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "torch.float32"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 29
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "float_16_tensor = float_32_tensor.type(torch.float16)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "dv6oOTd49iaY"
      },
      "execution_count": 30,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "float_16_tensor"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "OH465FZ49igA",
        "outputId": "dc79eef0-b450-4740-b698-548c624ba5e3"
      },
      "execution_count": 31,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([3., 6., 9.], dtype=torch.float16)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 31
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "float_16_tensor.dtype"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "vNffHeHC9ilx",
        "outputId": "eea948f5-29e7-4227-f75f-e0dab3dfcfc6"
      },
      "execution_count": 32,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "torch.float16"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 32
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "### Tensor Operations"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "eDaiQWiY_dwx"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "tensor = torch.tensor([1, 2, 3])"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "L97l1pSm8mvJ"
      },
      "execution_count": 33,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "tensor + 10"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "LAOySwv4-Yzm",
        "outputId": "f20bfe34-ecd2-4e82-fb93-0ca14ba7df07"
      },
      "execution_count": 34,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([11, 12, 13])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 34
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "torch.matmul(tensor, tensor)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "jPmheES--Y5b",
        "outputId": "d0aef682-49a4-4d6f-cf7e-984f4b75b10b"
      },
      "execution_count": 35,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor(14)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 35
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "vector = torch.rand(size=(1, 2))\n",
        "vector"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "68qIirLf_2em",
        "outputId": "ab78c5b8-ca91-482b-da49-d0ca6ab08953"
      },
      "execution_count": 45,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([[0.7974, 0.7250]])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 45
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "second_vector = torch.rand(size=(2, 1))\n",
        "second_vector"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "b5pzLwzE_2kH",
        "outputId": "21cb1b61-68b8-4352-98e3-8aeb1ee5c10d"
      },
      "execution_count": 46,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([[0.1067],\n",
              "        [0.7642]])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 46
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "vector @ second_vector"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "bFd7odgg-Y-_",
        "outputId": "70845ee1-5380-44e1-98e7-5049a651a9dc"
      },
      "execution_count": 47,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([[0.6391]])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 47
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "Changing shape of tensors"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "oDtMg0gVIG9b"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "tensor = torch.tensor([[1, 2, 3]])\n",
        "tensor"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "v2kPiTbE-ZEl",
        "outputId": "1079b5af-c00e-499d-b35a-aef0fd4dda0a"
      },
      "execution_count": 53,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([[1, 2, 3]])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 53
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "tensor, tensor.T"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "rqBfpKWu8m0w",
        "outputId": "264c1cca-a391-4647-9fc3-0220fe2bd3d1"
      },
      "execution_count": 54,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "(tensor([[1, 2, 3]]),\n",
              " tensor([[1],\n",
              "         [2],\n",
              "         [3]]))"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 54
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "tensor.shape, tensor.T.shape"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "4uE5oLdx8m6e",
        "outputId": "9392f5c9-35c9-414a-8965-567b67dc4ecb"
      },
      "execution_count": 55,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "(torch.Size([1, 3]), torch.Size([3, 1]))"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 55
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "x = torch.arange(0, 100).type(torch.float32)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "XzQa-OvL8nAQ"
      },
      "execution_count": 61,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "torch.min(x)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "gztp92S58nF-",
        "outputId": "6f39199c-be11-4c5e-a583-364ef2f00605"
      },
      "execution_count": 62,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor(0.)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 62
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "torch.max(x)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "nxjgiMmB8nL7",
        "outputId": "c64321d0-7402-454b-b488-fa72af23c7bb"
      },
      "execution_count": 63,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor(99.)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 63
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "torch.mean(x)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "9Y2Z6tnuJTeP",
        "outputId": "e11c3197-5b12-435a-b570-6c54802bf273"
      },
      "execution_count": 64,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor(49.5000)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 64
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "torch.sum(x)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "V3Utd8s4JUOv",
        "outputId": "8927ad34-ce79-4779-c0ee-0715f56b75e9"
      },
      "execution_count": 65,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor(4950.)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 65
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "x.argmin()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "Do4BkzmzJq33",
        "outputId": "45610b0a-f248-4112-b242-99ce8dce6745"
      },
      "execution_count": 66,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor(0)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 66
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "x.argmax()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "dJZgvPXvJ-0Z",
        "outputId": "7eb03a28-a5ab-46e4-a18b-3466f3070b95"
      },
      "execution_count": 67,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor(99)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 67
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "x = torch.arange(1.0, 10.)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "HlYVo6U7KAKq"
      },
      "execution_count": 68,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "x, x.shape"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "GCqdL29sK3y7",
        "outputId": "4bfdd7d9-5e64-42c8-f570-51be198f36f5"
      },
      "execution_count": 69,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "(tensor([1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9.]), torch.Size([9]))"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 69
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "x_reshaped = x.reshape(9, 1)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "5wJ-sfPUK5Cl"
      },
      "execution_count": 70,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "x, x_reshaped"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "A9JlxwSgK-3C",
        "outputId": "856454b5-ca45-4f5b-ad54-0b2138d4302f"
      },
      "execution_count": 72,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "(tensor([1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9.]),\n",
              " tensor([[1.],\n",
              "         [2.],\n",
              "         [3.],\n",
              "         [4.],\n",
              "         [5.],\n",
              "         [6.],\n",
              "         [7.],\n",
              "         [8.],\n",
              "         [9.]]))"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 72
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "x.shape, x_reshaped.shape"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "R-mbjZn8K_rh",
        "outputId": "e98ed31e-2c52-4209-8b48-1dac447f65ed"
      },
      "execution_count": 73,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "(torch.Size([9]), torch.Size([9, 1]))"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 73
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "x"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "R_FjlvZILDSf",
        "outputId": "41e842b7-45bf-4535-e6c7-2044ed3020a2"
      },
      "execution_count": 74,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9.])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 74
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "y = torch.arange(9, 0, -1)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "N_Vew2VULMxm"
      },
      "execution_count": 77,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "y"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "0mdRAzJULM3t",
        "outputId": "5149a396-c111-4569-ae3d-584f1bce8252"
      },
      "execution_count": 78,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 78
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "torch.stack([x, y])"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "YMjOP-3jLM9u",
        "outputId": "6ca0e4f1-e60e-4184-dbef-dad17a6328b5"
      },
      "execution_count": 81,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([[1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9.],\n",
              "        [9., 8., 7., 6., 5., 4., 3., 2., 1.]])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 81
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "torch.hstack([x, y])"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "ejDLY6EfLNDm",
        "outputId": "5c9c4071-8eb1-43fc-9625-3ddd326d01d1"
      },
      "execution_count": 82,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9., 9., 8., 7., 6., 5., 4., 3., 2., 1.])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 82
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "torch.vstack([x, y])"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "4VK5CmGcLNJb",
        "outputId": "01533ca3-30ea-46c7-a4a3-795b59cef84e"
      },
      "execution_count": 83,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([[1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9.],\n",
              "        [9., 8., 7., 6., 5., 4., 3., 2., 1.]])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 83
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "y.shape"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "iJ0Ik9dgLNPa",
        "outputId": "e65d6695-e996-4f21-bf3b-6d3b7524fe43"
      },
      "execution_count": 84,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "torch.Size([9])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 84
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "x = torch.zeros(1, 1, 2)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "_uiTQtdzLuFl"
      },
      "execution_count": 85,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "x"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "0rG23_R8LuKt",
        "outputId": "0374e0e6-778a-46f4-9556-6e7a49f39bb8"
      },
      "execution_count": 86,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tensor([[[0., 0.]]])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 86
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "x.shape"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "RDALN3Z1LuQX",
        "outputId": "fa6feac7-9780-40b1-fe9b-29fb628609cb"
      },
      "execution_count": 87,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "torch.Size([1, 1, 2])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 87
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "x.squeeze().shape, x.squeeze()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "TXcCuoH0LuVk",
        "outputId": "6dca99a0-9dae-4dd7-cfbe-885709f2242a"
      },
      "execution_count": 91,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "(torch.Size([2]), tensor([0., 0.]))"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 91
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "RzhR5m5qLubF"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    }
  ]
}