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Camel简介 - lazyfighter.com
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<h1>Camel简介</h1>
<div class="read-more clearfix">
<span class="date">2019/6/17</span>
<span>posted in </span>
<span class="posted-in"><a href='apache-camel.html'>apache-camel</a></span>
<span class="comments">
</span>
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<p>其实我的理解很简单，camel做了很多的抽象，抽象是根据schema进行的，每个资源有这个不同的schema然后对应着不同的Component，也就是对应这资源的push或者pull。配置的router类似于java的stream-api，每个router对应着processor</p>
<span id="more"></span><!-- more -->
<h1 id="toc_0">Message与Exchange</h1>
<h2 id="toc_1">Message</h2>
<p><img src="media/15607549443455/15608521579353.jpg" alt=""/></p>
<p><code>Message</code>包含三个数据已经在上图指出。</p>
<p>同时Message还有一个错误标志<code>FAULT FLAG</code>类似于WSDL JBI这种，他们会将标准输出以及错误输出区分开来，Camel通过这个标志来进行表示，但是通常集成程序不会处理错误输出一般应该在应用层面解决。</p>
<p>在路由过程中，<code>message</code>存储在<code>exchange</code>中。</p>
<h2 id="toc_2">Exchange</h2>
<p><code>Exchange</code>作为当消息在路由时的存储单位。同时一个<code>Exchange</code>提供多种类型在不通的系统交互中。例如MEP(message exchange patterns)有两种类型<code>one-way</code>或者<code>request-response</code></p>
<p><code>Exchange</code>通过字段来进行标识。</p>
<ul>
<li>InOnly <code>one-way</code>类型，例如JMS Message</li>
<li>InOut <code>request-response</code> 类型，例如HTTP请求</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="media/15607549443455/15608525546641.jpg" alt=""/></p>
<ul>
<li>Exchange ID 用来标识不通的exchange</li>
<li>MEP 用来标识Exchange类型，上面说的InOnly或者Inout</li>
<li>Exception 当路由消息发生错误的时候将会存储错误信息</li>
<li>Properties 类似于<code>Message</code>的Header用来存储配置信息</li>
<li>InMessage 存储进来的消息</li>
<li>OutMessage 存储出去的信息只有type为Inout的时候</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="toc_3">Camel的大致结构</h1>
<p><img src="media/15607549443455/15607657264643.jpg" alt=""/></p>
<ul>
<li>RoutingEngine 负责通过用户DSL定义的路由规则进行消息的路由。</li>
<li>Processor 用来在路由过程中处理消息。</li>
<li>Components 是Camel的扩展点，特别说明下EndPoint是Camel的具体抽象接口，不通的Component需要提供不同的EndPoint。</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="toc_4">Camel中的概念</h1>
<h2 id="toc_5">CamelContext</h2>
<p>CamelContext目前我的理解为Camel的核心大脑负责保存各种各样的信息。类似于SpringContext。</p>
<p><img src="media/15607549443455/15608533713728.jpg" alt=""/></p>
<h2 id="toc_6">RoutingEngine</h2>
<p>负责消息的路由</p>
<h2 id="toc_7">ROUTES</h2>
<p>Camel中的最重要的抽象，规划消息的路由链路</p>
<h2 id="toc_8">DSL</h2>
<p>为了将Processor与EndPoint连接起来，Camel定义了DSL语言类似于JAVA的流式语法</p>
<p>简单的demo</p>
<pre><code class="language-text">from("file:data/inbox")
.filter()
.xpath("/order[not(@test)]")
.to("jms:queue:order")
</code></pre>
<p>Camel对Spring的支持，配置如下</p>
<pre><code class="language-text"><route>
<from uri="file:data/inbox"/>
<filter>
<xpath>/order[not(@test)]</xpath>
<to uri="jms:queue:order"/>
</filter>
</route>
</code></pre>
<p>每一个Route规则实际是对应着一个Processor</p>
<h2 id="toc_9">Processor</h2>
<p>处理器，负责根据路由中定义的进行处理</p>
<h2 id="toc_10">Component</h2>
<p>Camel中最大的扩展点，用户可以进行自定义扩展，同时Component也是EndPoint的Factory</p>
<h2 id="toc_11">EndPoint</h2>
<p><img src="media/15607549443455/15608545208923.jpg" alt=""/></p>
<p>EndPoint是Camel对第三方的抽象，通过它可以进行收发消息。</p>
<p>在Camel中我们定义EndPoint通过URIs，例如<code>file:data/inbox?delay=5000</code>然后Camle在进行解析</p>
<p><img src="media/15607549443455/15608546589925.jpg" alt=""/></p>
<ul>
<li>Scheme 将决定使用哪个Component，上面的demo将会使用<code>FileComponent</code></li>
<li>ContextPath 决定了对哪个路径进行操作</li>
<li>Options 操作参数，上面表示每隔5s轮询一次</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="media/15607549443455/15608548787200.jpg" alt=""/></p>
<p>上面的图展示了<code>EndPoint</code>、<code>producer</code>、<code>consumers</code>以及<code>Exchange</code>之间是如何交互的，如上图所示<code>EndPoint</code>实际上是<code>producer</code>以及<code>consumers</code>的制造工厂。</p>
<h2 id="toc_12">Producer</h2>
<p><code>Producer</code>是Camel中的抽象类负责制造发送消息，当一个消息需要发送到一个<code>endpoint</code>消息生产者负责填充信息。</p>
<h2 id="toc_13">CONSUMER</h2>
<p>负责消费信息，并包装在<code>exchange</code>中，然后将他们发送给<code>Processor</code>进行处理。</p>
<h3 id="toc_14">EVENT-DRIVEN CONSUMER</h3>
<p><img src="media/15607549443455/15608554823221.jpg" alt=""/></p>
<p>最常见的消息消费模式，事件驱动类型。(异步)</p>
<h3 id="toc_15">POLLING CONSUMER</h3>
<p><img src="media/15607549443455/15608554901783.jpg" alt=""/></p>
<p>轮序拉取类型。（FTP）</p>
<h1 id="toc_16">简单的DEMO</h1>
<pre><code class="language-java">public class FileCopierWithCamel {
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
CamelContext context = new DefaultCamelContext();
context.addRoutes(new RouteBuilder() {
public void configure() {
from("file:data/inbox?noop=true")
.to("file:data/outbox");
} });
context.start();
Thread.sleep(10000);
context.stop();
}
}
</code></pre>
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