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+---
+title: Spring 6.1 新的 Web 客户端 RestClient
+categories: [后端]
+tags: [Spring]
+date: 2024-02-17 12:33:19
+updated: 2024-02-17 12:33:19
+---
+
+在 Spring 6.1 中，添加了一个新的同步 web 客户端 RestClient，提供更现代化的 fluent API，所以我们能在 spring mvc 里获得与 webflux 一样的 web 请求的编码体验（再加上 project loom 的支持，webflux 还有存在的意义么？）
+
+# 创建 RestClient
+
+RestClient 可以用过 `create()` 方法直接简单的创建，也可以通过 `builder()` 构建。在 `builder()` 中，我们可以传入一些配置或者默认参数，这对于我们统一请求规范有很大的帮助
+
+```java
+RestClient defaultClient = RestClient.create();
+
+RestClient customClient = RestClient.builder()
+  .requestFactory(new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory())
+  .messageConverters(converters -> converters.add(new MyCustomMessageConverter()))
+  .baseUrl("https://example.com")
+  .defaultUriVariables(Map.of("variable", "foo"))
+  .defaultHeader("My-Header", "Foo")
+  .requestInterceptor(myCustomInterceptor)
+  .requestInitializer(myCustomInitializer)
+  .build();
+```
+
+<!-- more -->
+
+# 使用 RestClient
+
+```java
+Pet pet = restClient.post()
+  .uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/new") 
+  .contentType(APPLICATION_JSON) 
+  .body(pet) 
+  .retrieve()
+  .body(Pet.class);
+```
+
+RestClient 的 API 与 WebClient 的 API 很相似，除了返回值， WebClient 返回的是 Mono、Flux，而 RestClient 返回的是实体类（毕竟是同步请求，会阻塞直接获取结果）。
+
+# HTTP Interface
+
+事实上在使用 Spring Boot 中，如果我们需要用到请求数据，一般而言，我们都会引入第三方的库，比如 OpenFeign、Retrofit 等，毕竟这些框架提供了通过接口的方式，定义请求，但现在 Spring 本身也支持了，或许在大部分项目中，我们可以使用 Spring 的而不在需要引入第三方的库。
+
+```java
+interface RepositoryService {
+
+	@GetExchange("/repos/{owner}/{repo}")
+	Repository getRepository(@PathVariable String owner, @PathVariable String repo);
+
+	// more HTTP exchange methods...
+
+}
+```
+
+```java
+@HttpExchange(url = "/repos/{owner}/{repo}", accept = "application/vnd.github.v3+json")
+interface RepositoryService {
+
+	@GetExchange
+	Repository getRepository(@PathVariable String owner, @PathVariable String repo);
+
+	@PatchExchange(contentType = MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE)
+	void updateRepository(@PathVariable String owner, @PathVariable String repo,
+			@RequestParam String name, @RequestParam String description, @RequestParam String homepage);
+
+}
+```
+
+在 RestClient 我们可以通过以下配置，来获得代理实现
+
+```java
+RestClient restClient = RestClient.builder().baseUrl("https://api.github.com/").build();
+RestClientAdapter adapter = RestClientAdapter.create(restClient);
+HttpServiceProxyFactory factory = HttpServiceProxyFactory.builderFor(adapter).build();
+
+RepositoryService service = factory.createClient(RepositoryService.class);
+```
+
+当然不仅仅是 RestClient， 在 WebClient 和 RestTemplate 中，我们也同样可以通过接口来定义请求。
+
+```java
+WebClient webClient = WebClient.builder().baseUrl("https://api.github.com/").build();
+WebClientAdapter adapter = WebClientAdapter.create(webClient);
+HttpServiceProxyFactory factory = HttpServiceProxyFactory.builderFor(adapter).build();
+
+RepositoryService service = factory.createClient(RepositoryService.class);
+```
+
+```java
+RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
+restTemplate.setUriTemplateHandler(new DefaultUriBuilderFactory("https://api.github.com/"));
+RestTemplateAdapter adapter = RestTemplateAdapter.create(restTemplate);
+HttpServiceProxyFactory factory = HttpServiceProxyFactory.builderFor(adapter).build();
+
+RepositoryService service = factory.createClient(RepositoryService.class);
+```
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