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Computers, Programming & Stuff

Git

rename branch:

git branch -m <old> <new>

GPG signed commits

Create verified commits
#gpg #git #hithub

  1. Install GPG Suite from https://gpgtools.org
  2. Generate a new gpg key with GPG Keychain
  3. Save the public key somewhere you will find it!
  4. Add the public key to gitHub:
    1. navigate to https://github.com/settings/keys
    2. select New GPG Key
    3. Copy and paste the public key block; → begins with:
    -----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
  5. Tell git to sign commits
    1. Fire up a local terminal
    2. find the key ID of the previously generated Key
    % gpg --list-secret-keys --keyid-format=long
    1. From the list of GPG keys, copy the long form of the GPG key ID for the pubkic key you've added to gitHub. The GPG key ID looks something like 3CC7D39017658BD1 → see this example:
     % gpg --list-secret-keys --keyid-format=long 
 /Users/exampleuser/.gnupg/pubring.kbx
 ------------------------------------
 sec   rsa4096/3CC7D39017658BD1 2023-06-25 [SC]
       BD2D9C59394D7F4F8680DEB80FA94B9E0B5C93C0
 uid                 [ultimate] github <[email protected]>
 ssb   rsa4096/CC50DC7499FF0A21 2023-06-25 [E]
    1. Set the GPG signing key ID in Git; In this example, the GPG key ID is 3CC7D39017658BD1:
    % git config --global user.signingkey 3CC7D39017658BD1
    1. [optional] Configure Git to sign all commits by default:
    % git config --global commit.gpgsign true

fetch remote branch other than master/main:

git fetch origin

fetches all remote branches available

% git branch -v -a

shows all branches ready to checkout
→ checkout remote branch like:

% git checkout -b <branchname> origin/<branchname>

Remote Repositories

  • Add remote repo:

      % git remote add <repo name (best practise: origin)> <remote repository url>

  • get remote repository origin url:

      % git remote get-url origin

  • change remote repository:

      % git remote set-url origin <remote repository url>

  • update forked repository: (the circuitous way)

     git remote add upstream <REPO-URL>
 git fetch upstream
 git checkout <BRANCH>
 git reset --hard upstream/<BRANCH>
 git push origin <BRANCH> --force

fix: unable to create file <filename>: Filename too long

  • Alt1: 
    git config --system core.longpaths true`
    • Admin rights may be required
  • Alt2: open C:\Program Files\Git\etc\gitconfig → under [core] add longpaths = true
    • Admin rights may be required.

Checkout specific commit

% git log --oneline

find commit hash to check out

% git checkout <commit-hash>

git log

log commit hash only: git log --oneline

GitHub

Code/PR Review

  • Collapse all files:
    ALT + Click on any caret on the left of a file name Collapse all files in GitHub

PostgreSQL

  • start db server:

    • Environment Variable PGDATA festlegen (default [WINDOWS]: C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\14\data)
    pg_ctl start -l logfile (startet db server im Hintergrung und schreibt loggs in "logfile")

  • stop db server:

    pg_ctl stop

  • check if running [WINDOWS]:

    • Alt1:
      • WIN+R
      • services.msc
      • look for postgresql-[version]
    • Alt2:
      • fire up a terminal
      • pg_ctl status

  • change pw:

    psql -U <username>
postgres=# \password <username>
Enter new password: <new-password>
postgres=# \q

key pairs with openssl [POSIX]

generate rsa key pair

#openssl #rsa #ed25519 #ssl

  1. generate private rsa key [stores the private key in the current directory] 
    % openssl genrsa -out <private key name> <size in bytes>
  2. generate public key 
    % openssl rsa -in <private key name> -pubout -outform <output format (e.g. PEM)> -out <private key name>

Notes

  • documentation (POSIX) 
    % man openssl

generate ed25519 key pair

#binance test net

  1. generate private ed25519 key [stores the private key in the current directory] 
    % openssl genpkey -algorithm ed25519 -out <private key name>
  2. generate public key 
    % openssl pkey -pubout -in <private key name> -out <public key name>

Notes

ssh

generate ssh key pair [POSIX]

#ssh #encryption #encoding #POSIX #github

  1. generate ssh key pair (example) 
    % ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -f <keyname>
  2. [optional] convert key format (example) → e.g., to use rsa public key with PKCS8 format 
    % ssh-keygen -f <keyname>.pub -e -m PKCS8 > <converted filename>

Notes:

utilize ssh-keygen pair for binance:

#binance

  1. generate ssh key pair (this only formats the private key with the PKCS#8 format) (example) 
    % ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096  -m PKCS8 -f <keyname>
  2. convert public key to PKCS#8 format (example) 
    % ssh-keygen -f <keyname>.pub -e -m PKCS8 > <converted filename>

Notes:

Setup binance testnet

  1. Visit https://testnet.binance.vision/
  2. Log in with GitHub (GitHub account required) Authenticate with GitHub
  3. Locally generate key pair (rsa between 2048 and 4096 byte or ed25519)
  4. registr public key Register public key

adding ssh key to ssh-agent [WINDOWS]

% eval "$(ssh-agent)"
% ssh-add path/to/private_key

adding ssh key to ssh-agent [POSIX]

% eval `ssh-agent`
% ssh-add path/to/private_key

Markdown

Pagebreak for generated PDFs:
wrap the section that shall be on a new Page in:

<div style="page-break-after: always;">
    Business as usual
</div>

Microsoft Windows

Shortcuts

Action Shortcut Version
Emoji Keyboard WINDOWS + . 10 or newer

cmd, bat, etc...

  • Alternative name for a command:
    1. create a *.bat file
    2. @echo off
set "NEW_COMMAND_NAME=C:\path\to\COMMAND_EXECUTABLE"
%NEW_COMMAND_NAME% %*
      • The %NEW_COMMAND_NAME% %* line executes the Maven command stored in the NEW_COMMAND_NAME variable, and %* passes any additional arguments to the executable.
      • To find out where the executable is, run where <executable>
    3. include the directory where your *.bat is located in your (user-level) PATH variable.
    4. Use the new command: new-command-name in any Command Prompt.

Visual Studio

Shortcuts

Action Shortcut
Comment CTRL + K, CTRL + C
Uncomment CTRL + K, CTRL + U
Collapse all methods CTRL + M, CTRL + O
Expand all methods CTRL + M, CTRL + P
Collapse/expand selection CTRL + M, CTRL + M

autogenerate equals and hashcode (Visual Studio, Windows (only!), C#)

  1. place cursor (caret) on class definition
  2. CTRL + .
  3. Select "Generate Equals and GetHashCode..."

Alt text

Programming

Java stream API vs C# LINQ

Java C# Java Example C# example
Collection.forEach(<lambda>) Enumerable.ForEach(<lambda>) 
List<String> strings = new ArrayList<>();
strings.add("demo");
strings.add("list");
strings.add("of");
strings.add("strings");

// Print list entries
strings.forEach(System.out::println);
 
List<string> strings = new List<string>
{
    "demo", "list", "of", "strings"
};

// Print list entries
strings.ForEach(Console.WriteLine)
Collection.stream().map(<lambda>) Enumerable.Select(<lambda>) 
List<String> strings = new ArrayList<>();
strings.add("demo");
strings.add("list");
strings.add("of");
strings.add("strings");

// convert entries to upper case
List<String> converted = strings.stream()
        .map(str -> str.toUpperCase());
        .collect(Collectors.toList());
 
List<string> strings = new List<string>
{
    "demo", "list", "of", "strings"
};

// convert entries to upper case
List<string> converted = strings
        .Select(str => str.ToUpper())
        .ToList();
Collection.stream().filter(<lambda>) Enumerable.Where(<lambda>) 
List<String> strings = new ArrayList<>();
strings.add("demo");
strings.add("list");
strings.add("of");
strings.add("strings");

// filter for entries containing the letter 'i'
List<String> filtered = strings.stream()
        .filter(str -> str.contains("i"));
        .collect(Collectors.toList());  // -> [list, strings]
 
List<string> strings = new List<string>
{
    "demo", "list", "of", "strings"
};

// filter for entries containing the letter 'i'
List<string> filtered = strings
        .Where(str => str.Contains("i"))
        .ToList();  // -> [list, strings]
Collection.stream().takeWhile(<lambda>) Enumerable.TakeWhile(<lambda>) 
List<Integer> numbers = new ArrayList<>();
numbers.add(1);
numbers.add(2);
numbers.add(3);

// take while number n == first entry or n is even
List<Integer> takenNumbers = numbers.stream()
        .takeWhile(n -> n.equals(numbers.get(0))  || n % 2 == 0)
        .collect(Collectors.toList());  // -> [1, 2]
 
List<int> numbers = new List<int> { 1, 2, 3 };

// take while number n == first entry or n is even
List<int> takenNumbers = numbers
        .TakeWhile((n, index) => index == 0 || n % 2 == 0)
        .ToList();  // -> [1, 2]

MongoDB

cli: drop all tables

# mongo
> show dbs
> use <whatever db>
> db.getCollectionNames().forEach(function(c) { if(c.indexOf("system.") == -1) db.getCollection(c).drop(); })
> quit()

Apache Maven

find unused dependencies

# mvn dependency:analyze

Enterprise Architect

Shortcuts:

Action shortcut Note
Reveal Element in Project Browser Alt + G Element (E.g. on diagram) must be selected
Reveal Diagram in Project Browser (from open diagram) SHIFT + Alt + G
Edit Element Attributes F9 Element must be selected (especially useful with class/interface Elements)
Open Element Properties Alt + ENTER Element must be selectred
Rename Element F2 Element must be selected
Show Toolbox Alt + 5 Diagram must be opened

Lock/Unlock Diagram

Right-click on the background of open diagram → Toggle Lock Diagram

Find EA-Elenets using SQL

  1. Navigate to 'Find in Project' (Press Strg + F or navigate Start Ribbon > Search > Search in Model)
    find-in-project

  2. Define SQL queries
    a. Create a new Search
    b. Give it a name
    c. Select "SQL Editor"
    create-new-search
    d. Write Sql Queries
    d.1. If SQL Editor doesn't show up: press the "note-with-pen"-Symbol
    create-new-search

  3. [Exkurs] "popular" tables

    content table_name
    Diagramms t_diagram
    Architecture Elements t_object
    Packages/Directories t_package

    NOTE: The database schema is poorly documented but the SQL-Editor has code compleation, which can give useful hints on which tables and columns are available. It can be triggered pressing Strg + SPACE

  4. Query pattern for Results linked with the corresponding element in the model

    SELECT <table_name>.ea_guid AS CLASSGUID, <table_name>.<table_type> AS CLASSTYPE [, '<table_name>' AS CLASSTABLE] ...

  5. Example: Query to find unagreed sequence diagrams (BorgWarner Porsche eTurbo specific)

    SELECT t_diagram.ea_guid AS CLASSGUID, 't_diagram' as CLASSTABLE, t_diagram.Diagram_Type AS CLASSTYPE, t_diagram.Name as Name, t_diagram.Diagram_Type as Type, t_package.Name AS Pkg
FROM t_diagram, t_package
WHERE (t_diagram.Package_ID = t_package.Package_ID) AND t_diagram.Diagram_Type LIKE "sequence" AND t_diagram.Version NOT LIKE '*agreed*'

Architektur Reviews

Conducting the Review:

  1. Open the Diagram to be Reviewed
  2. Use the "Review" Artifact from the Toolbox pane for review remarks
    review-artifact
    2.1 If toolbox pane is not visible, reveal it with Alt + 5 or find it within Design Ribbon > Diagram > Toolbox
    reveal-toolbox
  3. [Edge case] Review Items that are not on a Diagram:
    3.1 Use (or create) a random Diagram that is in the same package as the item to be reviewed.
    3.2 Create a Review Artifact as described above
    3.3 Carry out the review as usual
    3.4 Delete the Review Artifact from the diagram → it will still remain in the package
    (3.5 if a new "helper diagram" has been created for this purpose, it can be deleted)

Compare two architecture versions (Delta Review)

  1. Open a previous (baseline) verison to compare with in EA
  2. Navigate to Publish Ribbon > Model Exchange > Export XMI > Export XMI...
    export-to-xmi
    a. Chose a package to export (Caution, exporting the entire model may be time consuming)
    b. Chose an appropriate location and name
    c. Select the corresponding XMI Type (For EA 13.5 it is XMI1.1, [Note] The required version will be determined at the latest when the comparison is about to be made.)
    d. Hit Export
    export-xmi
  3. Now open the current version in EA
  4. Navigate to Publish Ribbon > Model Exchange > Package Control > Compare Package to XMI
    compare-to-xmi
  5. Import the previously exported (Step 2) xml file (If the entire model was exportet in Step 2 this will be time consuming) [Note] If a incompatible XMI Version was used now a warning with a pointer to the correct version would appear → in this case go back to step 2 and re-export the baseline with the correct XMI version
  6. On the left side all changed files are to be found; on the right-hand side, the changes are displayed in a table. the current version is in the left-hand column, the baseline version is in the right-hand column. baseline-comparison

Finding Review Remarks

  1. Using the "Reviews-Section" (prefered way)
    1.1 Navigate to Start Ribbon > Today > Reviews > Manage Reviews
    manage-reviews
    1.2 To reveal the review Artifact in diagram or project browser: right click → select the appropriate review-location
  2. Using SQL to find diagrams with Review Items:

see Find EA-Elenets using SQL

DISCLAIMER: The following finds diarams with Review Elements. There may be Review Elements that are not on a Diagram. To find these the query must be adjusted.

SELECT
    t_diagram.ea_guid AS CLASSGUID,
    't_diagram' as CLASSTABLE,
    t_diagram.Diagram_Type AS CLASSTYPE
    t_diagram.Name AS [Name],
    t_diagram.Diagram_Type AS [Type],
    t_diagram.Author, t_diagram.Version,
    t_diagram.ModifiedDate
FROM
    t_diagram, t_object, t_diagramobjects
WHERE
    t_diagram.Diagram_ID = t_diagramobjects.Diagram_ID
    AND t_diagramobjects.Object_ID = t_object.Object_ID
    AND t_object.Stereotype = "EAReview"
    AND NOT t_diagram.Diagram_Type = 'Custom'

Databases

Normalization (according to [Video])

  1. Normal Form (1NF)
    • Using row order to convey Information violates 1NF!
    • Be Explicite! -> introduce Columns that can be used to sort the data in the expected way!
    • Only one datatype per column!

ArangoDB (MultiModel DB)

SQL vs. AQL

Mac

switch between bash and zsh:

zsh: run chsh -s /bin/zsh. restart shell

bash: run chsh -s /bin/bash. restart shell

SQL AQL
INSERT INTO users
(name, active)
VALUES ("John Doe", 1);		 INSERT
{ name: "John Doe", active: 1 }
INTO users
SELECT *
FROM users;		 FOR user IN users
RETURN user
SELECT name
FROM users;		 FOR user IN users
RETURN user.name
SELECT name
FROM users
WHERE active = 1;		 FOR user IN users
FILTER user.active == 1
RETURN user.name
UPDATE users
SET name = "John Smith"
WHERE id = 1;		 UPDATE { _key: "1" }
WITH { name: "John Smith" }
IN users
DELETE FROM users
WHERE active = 0;		 FOR user IN users
FILTER user.active == 0
REMOVE user IN users