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What You Will Learn during this Step:

  • Let's switch back to tomcat first!
  • Get introduced to Spring Data JPA
  • Create a very simple example with Spring Data JPA
  • Use CommandLineRunner!

Some Notes

  • Useful Properties
  • spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  • spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
  • spring.datasource.username=root
  • spring.datasource.password=admin
  • spring.datasource.initialize=true
  • spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
  • spring.jpa.show-sql=true

Useful Snippets and References

First Snippet - Add H2 Later after showing the error

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
        </dependency>

Second Snippet

package com.in28minutes.springboot.jpa;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class User {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;

    private String name;// Not perfect!! Should be a proper object!
    private String role;// Not perfect!! An enum should be a better choice!

    protected User() {
    }

    public User(String name, String role) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.role = role;
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getRole() {
        return role;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return String.format("User [id=%s, name=%s, role=%s]", id, name, role);
    }

}

Third Snippet

package com.in28minutes.springboot.jpa;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class UserCommandLineRunner implements CommandLineRunner {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory
            .getLogger(UserCommandLineRunner.class);

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository repository;

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) {
        // save a couple of customers
        repository.save(new User("Ranga", "Admin"));
        repository.save(new User("Ravi", "User"));
        repository.save(new User("Satish", "Admin"));
        repository.save(new User("Raghu", "User"));

        log.info("-------------------------------");
        log.info("Finding all users");
        log.info("-------------------------------");
        for (User user : repository.findAll()) {
            log.info(user.toString());
        }

    }

}

Fourth Snippet

package com.in28minutes.springboot.jpa;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;

public interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository<User, Long> {
}

Exercises

  • Look at other methods provided by the UserRepository

Files List

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.in28minutes.springboot</groupId>
	<artifactId>first-springboot-project</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version>
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
			<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-data-rest-hal-browser</artifactId>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

src/main/java/com/in28minutes/springboot/Application.java

package com.in28minutes.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);

	}

	@Profile("prod")
	@Bean
	public String dummy() {
		return "something";
	}
}

src/main/java/com/in28minutes/springboot/configuration/BasicConfiguration.java

package com.in28minutes.springboot.configuration;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties("basic")
public class BasicConfiguration {
	private boolean value;
	private String message;
	private int number;

	public boolean isValue() {
		return value;
	}

	public void setValue(boolean value) {
		this.value = value;
	}

	public String getMessage() {
		return message;
	}

	public void setMessage(String message) {
		this.message = message;
	}

	public int getNumber() {
		return number;
	}

	public void setNumber(int number) {
		this.number = number;
	}
}

src/main/java/com/in28minutes/springboot/controller/SurveyController.java

package com.in28minutes.springboot.controller;

import java.net.URI;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.ServletUriComponentsBuilder;

import com.in28minutes.springboot.model.Question;
import com.in28minutes.springboot.service.SurveyService;

@RestController
class SurveyController {
	@Autowired
	private SurveyService surveyService;

	@GetMapping("/surveys/{surveyId}/questions")
	public List<Question> retrieveQuestions(@PathVariable String surveyId) {
		return surveyService.retrieveQuestions(surveyId);
	}

	// GET "/surveys/{surveyId}/questions/{questionId}"
	@GetMapping("/surveys/{surveyId}/questions/{questionId}")
	public Question retrieveDetailsForQuestion(@PathVariable String surveyId,
			@PathVariable String questionId) {
		return surveyService.retrieveQuestion(surveyId, questionId);
	}

	// /surveys/{surveyId}/questions
	@PostMapping("/surveys/{surveyId}/questions")
	public ResponseEntity<Void> addQuestionToSurvey(
			@PathVariable String surveyId, @RequestBody Question newQuestion) {

		Question question = surveyService.addQuestion(surveyId, newQuestion);

		if (question == null)
			return ResponseEntity.noContent().build();

		// Success - URI of the new resource in Response Header
		// Status - created
		// URI -> /surveys/{surveyId}/questions/{questionId}
		// question.getQuestionId()
		URI location = ServletUriComponentsBuilder.fromCurrentRequest().path(
				"/{id}").buildAndExpand(question.getId()).toUri();

		// Status
		return ResponseEntity.created(location).build();
	}

}

src/main/java/com/in28minutes/springboot/jpa/User.java

package com.in28minutes.springboot.jpa;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class User {

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
	private Long id;

	private String name;
	private String role;

	protected User() {
	}

	public User(String name, String role) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.role = role;
	}

	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public String getRole() {
		return role;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", role=" + role + "]";
	}

}

src/main/java/com/in28minutes/springboot/jpa/UserCommandLineRunner.java

package com.in28minutes.springboot.jpa;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class UserCommandLineRunner implements CommandLineRunner {

	private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory
			.getLogger(UserCommandLineRunner.class);

	@Autowired
	private UserRepository repository;

	@Override
	public void run(String... args) throws Exception {

		repository.save(new User("Ranga", "Admin"));
		repository.save(new User("Ravi", "User"));
		repository.save(new User("Satish", "Admin"));
		repository.save(new User("Raghu", "User"));

		for (User user : repository.findAll()) {
			log.info(user.toString());
		}

		log.info("Admin users are.....");
		log.info("____________________");
		for (User user : repository.findByRole("Admin")) {
			log.info(user.toString());
		}

	}

}

src/main/java/com/in28minutes/springboot/jpa/UserRepository.java

package com.in28minutes.springboot.jpa;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;

public interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository<User, Long> {
}

src/main/java/com/in28minutes/springboot/model/Question.java

package com.in28minutes.springboot.model;

import java.util.List;

public class Question {
	private String id;
	private String description;
	private String correctAnswer;
	private List<String> options;

	// Needed by Caused by: com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException:
	// Can not construct instance of com.in28minutes.springboot.model.Question:
	// no suitable constructor found, can not deserialize from Object value
	// (missing default constructor or creator, or perhaps need to add/enable
	// type information?)
	public Question() {

	}

	public Question(String id, String description, String correctAnswer,
			List<String> options) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.description = description;
		this.correctAnswer = correctAnswer;
		this.options = options;
	}

	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getDescription() {
		return description;
	}

	public String getCorrectAnswer() {
		return correctAnswer;
	}

	public List<String> getOptions() {
		return options;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return String
				.format("Question [id=%s, description=%s, correctAnswer=%s, options=%s]",
						id, description, correctAnswer, options);
	}

	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
		final int prime = 31;
		int result = 1;
		result = prime * result + ((id == null) ? 0 : id.hashCode());
		return result;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
		if (this == obj)
			return true;
		if (obj == null)
			return false;
		if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
			return false;
		Question other = (Question) obj;
		if (id == null) {
			if (other.id != null)
				return false;
		} else if (!id.equals(other.id))
			return false;
		return true;
	}

}

src/main/java/com/in28minutes/springboot/model/Survey.java

package com.in28minutes.springboot.model;

import java.util.List;

public class Survey {
	private String id;
	private String title;
	private String description;
	private List<Question> questions;

	public Survey(String id, String title, String description,
			List<Question> questions) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.title = title;
		this.description = description;
		this.questions = questions;
	}

	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getTitle() {
		return title;
	}

	public void setTitle(String title) {
		this.title = title;
	}

	public String getDescription() {
		return description;
	}

	public void setDescription(String description) {
		this.description = description;
	}

	public List<Question> getQuestions() {
		return questions;
	}

	public void setQuestions(List<Question> questions) {
		this.questions = questions;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Survey [id=" + id + ", title=" + title + ", description="
				+ description + ", questions=" + questions + "]";
	}

}

src/main/java/com/in28minutes/springboot/service/SurveyService.java

package com.in28minutes.springboot.service;

import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.in28minutes.springboot.model.Question;
import com.in28minutes.springboot.model.Survey;

@Component
public class SurveyService {
	private static List<Survey> surveys = new ArrayList<>();
	static {
		Question question1 = new Question("Question1",
				"Largest Country in the World", "Russia", Arrays.asList(
						"India", "Russia", "United States", "China"));
		Question question2 = new Question("Question2",
				"Most Populus Country in the World", "China", Arrays.asList(
						"India", "Russia", "United States", "China"));
		Question question3 = new Question("Question3",
				"Highest GDP in the World", "United States", Arrays.asList(
						"India", "Russia", "United States", "China"));
		Question question4 = new Question("Question4",
				"Second largest english speaking country", "India", Arrays
						.asList("India", "Russia", "United States", "China"));

		List<Question> questions = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(question1,
				question2, question3, question4));

		Survey survey = new Survey("Survey1", "My Favorite Survey",
				"Description of the Survey", questions);

		surveys.add(survey);
	}

	public List<Survey> retrieveAllSurveys() {
		return surveys;
	}

	public Survey retrieveSurvey(String surveyId) {
		for (Survey survey : surveys) {
			if (survey.getId().equals(surveyId)) {
				return survey;
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

	public List<Question> retrieveQuestions(String surveyId) {
		Survey survey = retrieveSurvey(surveyId);

		if (survey == null) {
			return null;
		}

		return survey.getQuestions();
	}

	public Question retrieveQuestion(String surveyId, String questionId) {
		Survey survey = retrieveSurvey(surveyId);

		if (survey == null) {
			return null;
		}

		for (Question question : survey.getQuestions()) {
			if (question.getId().equals(questionId)) {
				return question;
			}
		}

		return null;
	}

	private SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();

	public Question addQuestion(String surveyId, Question question) {
		Survey survey = retrieveSurvey(surveyId);

		if (survey == null) {
			return null;
		}

		String randomId = new BigInteger(130, random).toString(32);
		question.setId(randomId);

		survey.getQuestions().add(question);

		return question;
	}
}

src/main/java/com/in28minutes/springboot/WelcomeController.java

package com.in28minutes.springboot;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.in28minutes.springboot.configuration.BasicConfiguration;

@RestController
public class WelcomeController {

	//Auto wiring
	@Autowired
	private WelcomeService service;

	@Autowired
	private BasicConfiguration configuration;

	@RequestMapping("/welcome")
	public String welcome() {
		return service.retrieveWelcomeMessage();
	}

	@RequestMapping("/dynamic-configuration")
	public Map dynamicConfiguration() {
		Map map = new HashMap();
		map.put("message", configuration.getMessage());
		map.put("number", configuration.getNumber());
		map.put("value", configuration.isValue());

		return map;
	}

}

src/main/java/com/in28minutes/springboot/WelcomeService.java

package com.in28minutes.springboot;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

//Spring to manage this bean and create an instance of this
@Component
public class WelcomeService {

	@Value("${welcome.message}")
	private String welcomeMessage;

	public String retrieveWelcomeMessage() {
		//Complex Method
		return welcomeMessage;
	}
}

src/main/resources/application-dev.properties

logging.level.org.springframework: TRACE

src/main/resources/application-prod.properties

logging.level.org.springframework: INFO

src/main/resources/application.properties

logging.level.org.springframework: DEBUG
app.name=in28Minutes
welcome.message=Welcome message from property file! Welcome to ${app.name}

basic.value=true
basic.message=Welcome to in28minutes
basic.number=200