clop

clop (Command Line Option Parse)是一款基于struct的命令行解析器，麻雀虽小，五脏俱全(从零实现)。

feature

支持环境变量绑定 env DEBUG=xx ./proc
支持参数搜集 cat a.txt b.txt，可以把a.txt, b.txt散装成员归归类，收集到你指定的结构体成员里
支持短选项proc -d 或者长选项proc --debug不在话下
posix风格命令行支持，支持命令组合ls -ltr是ls -l -t -r简写形式，方便实现普通posix 标准命令
子命令(subcommand)支持，方便实现git风格子命令git add ，简洁的子命令注册方式，只要会写结构体就行，3,4,5到无穷尽子命令也支持，只要你喜欢，用上clop就可以实现
默认值支持default:"1"，支持多种数据类型，让你省去类型转换的烦恼
贴心的重复命令报错
严格的短选项，长选项报错。避免二义性选项诞生
效验模式支持，不需要写一堆的if x!= "" or if y!=0浪费青春的代码
可以获取命令优先级别，方便设置命令别名
解析flag包代码生成clop代码
指定解析函数，自动绑定数据

内容

Installation
Quick start
example
Implementing linux command options
- cat
faq
- The subcommand or option does not take effect

Installation

go get github.com/guonaihong/clop

Quick start

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type Hello struct {
	File string `clop:"-f; --file" usage:"file"`
}

func main() {

	h := Hello{}
	clop.SetVersion("v0.2.0")
	clop.SetVersionOption("", "version")
	clop.SetAbout("这是一个简单的示例demo")
	clop.Bind(&h)
	fmt.Printf("%#v\n", h)
}
// ./one -f test
// main.Hello{File:"test"}
// ./one --file test
// main.Hello{File:"test"}

example

base type

int

package main

import (
        "fmt"

        "github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type IntDemo struct {
        Int int `clop:"short;long" usage:"int"`
}

func main() {
        id := &IntDemo{}
        clop.Bind(id)
        fmt.Printf("id = %v\n", id)
}
//  ./int -i 3
// id = &{3}
// ./int --int 3
// id = &{3}

float64

package main

import (
        "fmt"

        "github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type Float64Demo struct {
        Float64 float64 `clop:"short;long" usage:"float64"`
}

func main() {
        fd := &Float64Demo{}
        clop.Bind(fd)
        fmt.Printf("fd = %v\n", fd)
}
// ./float64 -f 3.14
// fd = &{3.14}
// ./float64 --float64 3.14
// fd = &{3.14}

duration

package main

import (
        "fmt"
        "time"

        "github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type DurationDemo struct {
        Duration time.Duration `clop:"short;long" usage:"duration"`
}

func main() {
        dd := &DurationDemo{}
        clop.Bind(dd)
        fmt.Printf("dd = %v\n", dd)
}
// ./duration -d 1h
// dd = &{1h0m0s}
// ./duration --duration 1h
// dd = &{1h0m0s}

string

package main

import (
        "fmt"

        "github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type StringDemo struct {
        String string `clop:"short;long" usage:"string"`
}

func main() {
        s := &StringDemo{}
        clop.Bind(s)
        fmt.Printf("s = %v\n", s)
}
// ./string --string hello
// s = &{hello}
// ./string -s hello
// s = &{hello}

array

similar to curl command

package main

import (
        "fmt"

        "github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type ArrayDemo struct {
        Header []string `clop:"-H;long" usage:"header"`
}

func main() {
        h := &ArrayDemo{}
        clop.Bind(h)
        fmt.Printf("h = %v\n", h)
}
// ./array -H session:sid --header token:my
// h = &{[session:sid token:my]}

similar to join command

加上greedy属性，就支持数组贪婪写法。类似join命令。

package main

import (
    "fmt"

    "github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type test struct {
    A []int `clop:"-a;greedy" usage:"test array"`
    B int   `clop:"-b" usage:"test int"`
}

func main() {
    a := &test{}
    clop.Bind(a)
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", a)
}

/*
运行
./use_array -a 12 34 56 78 -b 100
输出
&main.test{A:[]int{12, 34, 56, 78}, B:100}
*/

required flag

package main

import (
	"github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type curl struct {
	Url string `clop:"-u; --url" usage:"url" valid:"required"`
}

func main() {

	c := curl{}
	clop.Bind(&c)
}

// ./required 
// error: -u; --url must have a value!
// For more information try --help

set default value

可以使用default tag设置默认值，普通类型直接写，复合类型用json表示

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type defaultExample struct {
    Int          int       `default:"1"`
    Float64      float64   `default:"3.64"`
    Float32      float32   `default:"3.32"`
    SliceString  []string  `default:"[\"one\", \"two\"]"`
    SliceInt     []int     `default:"[1,2,3,4,5]"`
    SliceFloat64 []float64 `default:"[1.1,2.2,3.3,4.4,5.5]"`
}

func main() {
    de := defaultExample{}
    clop.Bind(&de)
    fmt.Printf("%v\n", de) 
}
// run
//         ./use_def
// output:
//         {1 3.64 3.32 [one two] [1 2 3 4 5] [1.1 2.2 3.3 4.4 5.5]}

Support environment variables

custom environment variable name

// file name use_env.go
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type env struct {
	OmpNumThread string `clop:"env=omp_num_thread" usage:"omp num thread"`
	Path         string `clop:"env=XPATH" usage:"xpath"`
	Max          int    `clop:"env=MAX" usage:"max thread"`
}

func main() {
	e := env{}
	clop.Bind(&e)
	fmt.Printf("%#v\n", e)
}
// run
// env XPATH=`pwd` omp_num_thread=3 MAX=4 ./use_env 
// output
// main.env{OmpNumThread:"3", Path:"/home/guo", Max:4}

Quick writing of environment variables

使用env tag会根据结构体名, 生成一个环境变量名, 规则就是驼峰命令名, 改成大写下划线

// file name use_env.go
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type env struct {
	OmpNumThread string `clop:"env" usage:"omp num thread"`
	Xpath         string `clop:"env" usage:"xpath"`
	Max          int    `clop:"env" usage:"max thread"`
}

func main() {
	e := env{}
	clop.Bind(&e)
	fmt.Printf("%#v\n", e)
}
// run
// env XPATH=`pwd` OMP_NUM_THREAD=3 MAX=4 ./use_env 
// output
// main.env{OmpNumThread:"3", Xpath:"/home/guo", Max:4}

subcommand

Sub command implementation method 1

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type add struct {
	All      bool     `clop:"-A; --all" usage:"add changes from all tracked and untracked files"`
	Force    bool     `clop:"-f; --force" usage:"allow adding otherwise ignored files"`
	Pathspec []string `clop:"args=pathspec"`
}

type mv struct {
	Force bool `clop:"-f; --force" usage:"allow adding otherwise ignored files"`
}

type git struct {
	Add add `clop:"subcommand=add" usage:"Add file contents to the index"`
	Mv  mv  `clop:"subcommand=mv" usage:"Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"`
}

func main() {
	g := git{}
	clop.Bind(&g)
	fmt.Printf("git:%#v\n", g)
	fmt.Printf("git:set mv(%t) or set add(%t)\n", clop.IsSetSubcommand("mv"), clop.IsSetSubcommand("add"))

	switch {
	case clop.IsSetSubcommand("mv"):
		fmt.Printf("subcommand mv\n")
	case clop.IsSetSubcommand("add"):
		fmt.Printf("subcommand add\n")
	}
}

// run:
// ./git add -f

// output:
// git:main.git{Add:main.add{All:false, Force:true, Pathspec:[]string(nil)}, Mv:main.mv{Force:false}}
// git:set mv(false) or set add(true)
// subcommand add

Sub command implementation method 2

使用clop实现子命令的第2种做法, 子命令结构体只要实现SubMain方法, 该方法clop库会帮你自动调用. 省去在main里面写一堆if else判断(相对方法1来说), 特别是子命令特别多的情况, 推荐用这种方法.

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type add struct {
	All      bool     `clop:"-A; --all" usage:"add changes from all tracked and untracked files"`
	Force    bool     `clop:"-f; --force" usage:"allow adding otherwise ignored files"`
	Pathspec []string `clop:"args=pathspec"`
}

func (a *add) SubMain() {
// 当add子命令被设置时
// clop会自动调用这个函数
}

type mv struct {
	Force bool `clop:"-f; --force" usage:"allow adding otherwise ignored files"`
}

func (m *mv) SubMain() {
// 当mv 子命令被设置时
// clop会自动调用这个函数
}

type git struct {
	Add add `clop:"subcommand=add" usage:"Add file contents to the index"`
	Mv  mv  `clop:"subcommand=mv" usage:"Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"`
}

func main() {
	g := git{}
	clop.Bind(&g)
}

Get command priority

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type cat struct {
	NumberNonblank bool `clop:"-b;--number-nonblank"
                             usage:"number nonempty output lines, overrides"`

	ShowEnds bool `clop:"-E;--show-ends"
                       usage:"display $ at end of each line"`
}

func main() {

	c := cat{}
	clop.Bind(&c)

	if clop.GetIndex("number-nonblank") < clop.GetIndex("show-ends") {
		fmt.Printf("cat -b -E\n")
	} else {
		fmt.Printf("cat -E -b \n")
	}
}
// cat -be 
// 输出 cat -b -E
// cat -Eb
// 输出 cat -E -b

Can only be set once

指定选项只能被设置一次，如果命令行选项，使用两次则会报错。

package main

import (
    "github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type Once struct {
    Debug bool `clop:"-d; --debug; once" usage:"debug mode"`
}

func main() {
    o := Once{}
    clop.Bind(&o)
}
/*
./once -debug -debug
error: The argument '-d' was provided more than once, but cannot be used multiple times
For more information try --help
*/

quick write

快速写法，通过使用固定的short, long tag生成短，长选项。可以和 cat 例子直观比较下。命令行选项越多，越能节约时间，提升效率。

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type cat struct {
	NumberNonblank bool `clop:"-c;long" 
	                     usage:"number nonempty output lines, overrides"`

	ShowEnds bool `clop:"-E;long" 
	               usage:"display $ at end of each line"`

	Number bool `clop:"-n;long" 
	             usage:"number all output lines"`

	SqueezeBlank bool `clop:"-s;long" 
	                   usage:"suppress repeated empty output lines"`

	ShowTab bool `clop:"-T;long" 
	              usage:"display TAB characters as ^I"`

	ShowNonprinting bool `clop:"-v;long" 
	                      usage:"use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB" `

	Files []string `clop:"args=files"`
}

func main() {
 	c := cat{}
	err := clop.Bind(&c)

	fmt.Printf("%#v, %s\n", c, err)
}

Multi structure series

多结构体串联功能. 多结构体统一组成一个命令行视图

如果命令行解析是要怼到多个(>=2)结构体里面, 可以使用结构体串联功能, 前面几个结构体使用clop.Register()接口, 最后一个结构体使用clop.Bind()函数.

/*
┌────────────────┐
│                │
│                │
│  ServerAddress │                        ┌─────────────────────┐
├────────────────┤                        │                     │
│                │   ──────────────────►  │                     │
│                │                        │  clop.MustRegitser()│
│     Rate       │                        │                     │
│                │                        └─────────────────────┘
└────────────────┘



┌────────────────┐
│                │
│   ThreadNum    │
│                │                        ┌─────────────────────┐
│                │                        │                     │
├────────────────┤   ──────────────────►  │                     │
│                │                        │ clop.Bind()         │
│   OpenVad      │                        │                     │
│                │                        │                     │
└────────────────┘                        └─────────────────────┘
 */

type Server struct {
	ServerAddress string `clop:"long" usage:"Server address"`
	Rate time.Duration `clop:"long" usage:"The speed at which audio is sent"`
}

type Asr struct{
	ThreadNum int `clop:"long" usage:"thread number"`
	OpenVad bool `clop:"long" usage:"open vad"`
}

 func main() {
	 asr := Asr{}
	 ser := Server{}
	 clop.MustRegister(&asr)
	 clop.Bind(&ser)
 }

 // 可以使用如下命令行参数测试下效果
 // ./example --server-address", ":8080", "--rate", "1s", "--thread-num", "20", "--open-vad"

Support callback function parsing

使用callback=name的写法，其中name就是需要调用的解析函数。

type TestCallback struct {
	Size int `clop:"short;long;callback=ParseSize" usage:"parse size"`
	Max  int `clop:"short;long"`
}

func (t *TestCallback) ParseSize(val string) {
	// 做些解析工作
	// t.Size = 解析之后的值
}

func main() {
 	t := TestCallback{}
	err := clop.Bind(&t)

	fmt.Printf("%#v, %s\n", t, err)
}

Advanced features

高级功能里面有一些clop包比较有特色的功能

Parsing flag code to generate clop code

让你爽翻天, 如果你的command想迁移至clop, 但是面对众多的flag代码, 又不想花费太多时间在无谓的人肉code转换上, 这时候你就需要clop命令, 一行命令解决你的痛点.

1.安装clop命令

go get github.com/guonaihong/clop/cmd/clop

2.使用clop解析包含flag包的代码

就可以把main.go里面的flag库转成clop包的调用方式

clop -f main.go

main.go代码如下

package main

import "flag"

func main() {
	s := flag.String("string", "", "string usage")
	i := flag.Int("int", "", "int usage")
	flag.Parse()
}

输出代码如下

package main

import (
	"github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type flagAutoGen struct {
	Flag string `clop:"--string" usage:"string usage" `
	Flag int    `clop:"--int" usage:"int usage" `
}

func main() {
	var flagVar flagAutoGen
	clop.Bind(&flagVar)
}

Implementing linux command options

cat

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/guonaihong/clop"
)

type cat struct {
	NumberNonblank bool `clop:"-c;--number-nonblank" 
	                     usage:"number nonempty output lines, overrides"`

	ShowEnds bool `clop:"-E;--show-ends" 
	               usage:"display $ at end of each line"`

	Number bool `clop:"-n;--number" 
	             usage:"number all output lines"`

	SqueezeBlank bool `clop:"-s;--squeeze-blank" 
	                   usage:"suppress repeated empty output lines"`

	ShowTab bool `clop:"-T;--show-tabs" 
	              usage:"display TAB characters as ^I"`

	ShowNonprinting bool `clop:"-v;--show-nonprinting" 
	                      usage:"use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB" `

	Files []string `clop:"args=files"`
}

func main() {

	c := cat{}
	err := clop.Bind(&c)

	fmt.Printf("%#v, %s\n", c, err)
}

/*
Usage:
    ./cat [Flags] <files> 

Flags:
    -E,--show-ends           display $ at end of each line 
    -T,--show-tabs           display TAB characters as ^I 
    -c,--number-nonblank     number nonempty output lines, overrides 
    -n,--number              number all output lines 
    -s,--squeeze-blank       suppress repeated empty output lines 
    -v,--show-nonprinting    use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB 

Args:
    <files>
*/

faq

The subcommand or option does not take effect

q: 关于子命令或者命令行命令没有生效
a: 可以检查下结构体的字段是否是大写开头。

Provide feedback

Saved searches

Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly

README.md

README.md

clop

feature

内容

Installation

Quick start

example

base type

int

float64

duration

string

array

similar to curl command

similar to join command

required flag

set default value

Support environment variables

custom environment variable name

Quick writing of environment variables

subcommand

Sub command implementation method 1

Sub command implementation method 2

Get command priority

Can only be set once

quick write

Multi structure series

Support callback function parsing

Advanced features

Parsing flag code to generate clop code

1.安装clop命令

2.使用clop解析包含flag包的代码

Implementing linux command options

cat

faq

The subcommand or option does not take effect

Files

README.md

Latest commit

History

README.md

File metadata and controls

clop

feature

内容

Installation

Quick start

example

base type

int

float64

duration

string

array

similar to curl command

similar to join command

required flag

set default value

Support environment variables

custom environment variable name

Quick writing of environment variables

subcommand

Sub command implementation method 1

Sub command implementation method 2

Get command priority

Can only be set once

quick write

Multi structure series

Support callback function parsing

Advanced features

Parsing flag code to generate clop code

1.安装clop命令

2.使用clop解析包含flag包的代码

Implementing linux command options

cat

faq

The subcommand or option does not take effect