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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Go by Example 中文版: 时间的格式化和解析</title>
<link rel=stylesheet href="site.css">
</head>
<script>
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<body>
<div class="example" id="time-formatting-parsing">
<h2><a href="./">Go by Example 中文版</a>: 时间的格式化和解析</h2>
<table>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>Go 支持通过基于描述模板的时间格式化与解析。</p>
</td>
<td class="code empty leading">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<a href="https://play.studygolang.com/p/LVJJMMUok4D"><img title="Run code" src="play.png" class="run" /></a><img title="Copy code" src="clipboard.png" class="copy" />
<pre class="chroma"><span class="kn">package</span> <span class="nx">main</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<pre class="chroma"><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="p">(</span>
<span class="s">"fmt"</span>
<span class="s">"time"</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<pre class="chroma"><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">p</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>这是一个遵循 RFC3339，
并使用对应的 <code>布局</code>（layout）常量进行格式化的基本例子。</p>
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<pre class="chroma">
<span class="nx">t</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Now</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="nf">p</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Format</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">RFC3339</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>时间解析使用与 <code>Format</code> 相同的布局值。</p>
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<pre class="chroma">
<span class="nx">t1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">e</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Parse</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">RFC3339</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s">"2012-11-01T22:08:41+00:00"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nf">p</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p><code>Format</code> 和 <code>Parse</code> 使用基于例子的布局来决定日期格式，
一般你只要使用 <code>time</code> 包中提供的布局常量就行了，但是你也可以实现自定义布局。
布局时间必须使用 <code>Mon Jan 2 15:04:05 MST 2006</code> 的格式，
来指定 格式化/解析给定时间/字符串 的布局。
时间一定要遵循：2006 为年，15 为小时，Monday 代表星期几等规则。</p>
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<pre class="chroma">
<span class="nf">p</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Format</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"3:04PM"</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="nf">p</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Format</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Mon Jan _2 15:04:05 2006"</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="nf">p</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Format</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"2006-01-02T15:04:05.999999-07:00"</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="nx">form</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="s">"3 04 PM"</span>
<span class="nx">t2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">e</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Parse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">form</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"8 41 PM"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nf">p</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>对于纯数字表示的时间（时间戳），
您还可以将标准字符串格式与提取时间值的一部分一起使用。</p>
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<pre class="chroma">
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"%d-%02d-%02dT%02d:%02d:%02d-00:00\n"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Year</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Month</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Day</span><span class="p">(),</span>
<span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Hour</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Minute</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Second</span><span class="p">())</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>当输入的时间格式不正确时，<code>Parse</code> 会返回一个解析错误。</p>
</td>
<td class="code">
<pre class="chroma">
<span class="nx">ansic</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="s">"Mon Jan _2 15:04:05 2006"</span>
<span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">e</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Parse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ansic</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"8:41PM"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nf">p</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code">
<pre class="chroma"><span class="gp">$</span> go run time-formatting-parsing.go
<span class="go">2014-04-15T18:00:15-07:00
</span><span class="go">2012-11-01 22:08:41 +0000 +0000
</span><span class="go">6:00PM
</span><span class="go">Tue Apr 15 18:00:15 2014
</span><span class="go">2014-04-15T18:00:15.161182-07:00
</span><span class="go">0000-01-01 20:41:00 +0000 UTC
</span><span class="go">2014-04-15T18:00:15-00:00
</span><span class="go">parsing time "8:41PM" as "Mon Jan _2 15:04:05 2006": ...</span></pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class="next">
下一个例子: <a href="random-numbers">随机数</a>
</p>
<p class="footer">
<a href="https://twitter.com/mmcgrana">@mmcgrana</a> 和<a href="https://eli.thegreenplace.net">Eli Bendersky</a>编写 | <a href="https://github.com/gobyexample-cn">gobyexample-cn</a> 翻译 | <a href="https://github.com/gobyexample-cn/gobyexample/issues">反馈</a> | <a href="https://github.com/gobyexample-cn/gobyexample">源码</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample#license">license</a> </p>
</p>
</div>
<script>
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codeLines.push('');codeLines.push('package main\u000A');codeLines.push('import (\u000A \"fmt\"\u000A \"time\"\u000A)\u000A');codeLines.push('func main() {\u000A p :\u003D fmt.Println\u000A');codeLines.push(' t :\u003D time.Now()\u000A p(t.Format(time.RFC3339))\u000A');codeLines.push(' t1, e :\u003D time.Parse(\u000A time.RFC3339,\u000A \"2012-11-01T22:08:41+00:00\")\u000A p(t1)\u000A');codeLines.push(' p(t.Format(\"3:04PM\"))\u000A p(t.Format(\"Mon Jan _2 15:04:05 2006\"))\u000A p(t.Format(\"2006-01-02T15:04:05.999999-07:00\"))\u000A form :\u003D \"3 04 PM\"\u000A t2, e :\u003D time.Parse(form, \"8 41 PM\")\u000A p(t2)\u000A');codeLines.push(' fmt.Printf(\"%d-%02d-%02dT%02d:%02d:%02d-00:00\\n\",\u000A t.Year(), t.Month(), t.Day(),\u000A t.Hour(), t.Minute(), t.Second())\u000A');codeLines.push(' ansic :\u003D \"Mon Jan _2 15:04:05 2006\"\u000A _, e \u003D time.Parse(ansic, \"8:41PM\")\u000A p(e)\u000A}\u000A');codeLines.push('');
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